éclaircir
French
Etymology
From Late Latin *exclaricire, from Latin claricare.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /e.klɛʁ.siʁ/
Audio (file)
Verb
éclaircir
- (transitive) to brighten (up)
- to thin (down)
- to clear up, solve, clarify (mystery, problem etc.)
Conjugation
This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.
Conjugation of éclaircir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive | simple | éclaircir | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | éclaircissant /e.klɛʁ.si.sɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | éclairci /e.klɛʁ.si/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) | present | éclaircis /e.klɛʁ.si/ | éclaircis /e.klɛʁ.si/ | éclaircit /e.klɛʁ.si/ | éclaircissons /e.klɛʁ.si.sɔ̃/ | éclaircissez /e.klɛʁ.si.se/ | éclaircissent /e.klɛʁ.sis/ |
imperfect | éclaircissais /e.klɛʁ.si.sɛ/ | éclaircissais /e.klɛʁ.si.sɛ/ | éclaircissait /e.klɛʁ.si.sɛ/ | éclaircissions /e.klɛʁ.si.sjɔ̃/ | éclaircissiez /e.klɛʁ.si.sje/ | éclaircissaient /e.klɛʁ.si.sɛ/ | |
past historic2 | éclaircis /e.klɛʁ.si/ | éclaircis /e.klɛʁ.si/ | éclaircit /e.klɛʁ.si/ | éclaircîmes /e.klɛʁ.sim/ | éclaircîtes /e.klɛʁ.sit/ | éclaircirent /e.klɛʁ.siʁ/ | |
future | éclaircirai /e.klɛʁ.si.ʁe/ | éclairciras /e.klɛʁ.si.ʁa/ | éclaircira /e.klɛʁ.si.ʁa/ | éclaircirons /e.klɛʁ.si.ʁɔ̃/ | éclaircirez /e.klɛʁ.si.ʁe/ | éclairciront /e.klɛʁ.si.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | éclaircirais /e.klɛʁ.si.ʁɛ/ | éclaircirais /e.klɛʁ.si.ʁɛ/ | éclaircirait /e.klɛʁ.si.ʁɛ/ | éclaircirions /e.klɛʁ.si.ʁjɔ̃/ | éclairciriez /e.klɛʁ.si.ʁje/ | éclairciraient /e.klɛʁ.si.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) | present | éclaircisse /e.klɛʁ.sis/ | éclaircisses /e.klɛʁ.sis/ | éclaircisse /e.klɛʁ.sis/ | éclaircissions /e.klɛʁ.si.sjɔ̃/ | éclaircissiez /e.klɛʁ.si.sje/ | éclaircissent /e.klɛʁ.sis/ |
imperfect2 | éclaircisse /e.klɛʁ.sis/ | éclaircisses /e.klɛʁ.sis/ | éclaircît /e.klɛʁ.si/ | éclaircissions /e.klɛʁ.si.sjɔ̃/ | éclaircissiez /e.klɛʁ.si.sje/ | éclaircissent /e.klɛʁ.sis/ | |
(compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | éclaircis /e.klɛʁ.si/ | — | éclaircissons /e.klɛʁ.si.sɔ̃/ | éclaircissez /e.klɛʁ.si.se/ | — | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Further reading
- “éclaircir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.