échoir
French
Etymology
From Old French escheoir, from Vulgar Latin *excadēre (“fall out”), from Latin ex- + cadere.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /e.ʃwaʁ/
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -waʁ
Verb
échoir
- (intransitive) to befall, to happen by chance
- Cela lui est échu en partage.
- It fell to his lot.
- (intransitive, law, obsolete) to become necessary (only used in the phrase le cas échéant)
- (intransitive, of an invoice) to become payable, to be due
- Le mode de facturation est à terme échu, car le calcul est basé sur l'utilisation mensuelle.
- The invoicing is presented in arrears, since the calculation is based on the monthly usage.
Conjugation
This verb is defective and is only conjugated in the third-person.This verb is impersonal and is conjugated only in the third-person singular.
Conjugation of échoir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | échoir | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | échéant /e.ʃe.ɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | échu /e.ʃy/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | — | — | échoit or échet /e.ʃwa/ or /e.ʃɛ/ | — | — | — |
| imperfect | — | — | échoyait /e.ʃwa.jɛ/ | — | — | — | |
| past historic2 | — | — | échut /e.ʃy/ | — | — | — | |
| future | — | — | échoira /e.ʃwa.ʁa/ | — | — | — | |
| conditional | — | — | échoirait /e.ʃwa.ʁɛ/ | — | — | — | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | — | — | échoie /e.ʃwa/ | — | — | — |
| imperfect2 | — | — | échût /e.ʃy/ | — | — | — | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
- le cas échéant
Related terms
- échéance
Further reading
- “échoir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.