ébranler
French
Etymology
From é- + branler.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /e.bʁɑ̃.le/
Audio (file)
Verb
ébranler
- (transitive) to shake, rattle
- (transitive) to weaken (health), disturb, unhinge (spirits)
- (reflexive) to move off, set off (of vehicle)
Conjugation
Conjugation of ébranler (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | ébranler | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | ébranlant /e.bʁɑ̃.lɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | ébranlé /e.bʁɑ̃.le/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | ébranle /e.bʁɑ̃l/ | ébranles /e.bʁɑ̃l/ | ébranle /e.bʁɑ̃l/ | ébranlons /e.bʁɑ̃.lɔ̃/ | ébranlez /e.bʁɑ̃.le/ | ébranlent /e.bʁɑ̃l/ |
| imperfect | ébranlais /e.bʁɑ̃.lɛ/ | ébranlais /e.bʁɑ̃.lɛ/ | ébranlait /e.bʁɑ̃.lɛ/ | ébranlions /e.bʁɑ̃.ljɔ̃/ | ébranliez /e.bʁɑ̃.lje/ | ébranlaient /e.bʁɑ̃.lɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | ébranlai /e.bʁɑ̃.le/ | ébranlas /e.bʁɑ̃.la/ | ébranla /e.bʁɑ̃.la/ | ébranlâmes /e.bʁɑ̃.lam/ | ébranlâtes /e.bʁɑ̃.lat/ | ébranlèrent /e.bʁɑ̃.lɛʁ/ | |
| future | ébranlerai /e.bʁɑ̃l.ʁe/ | ébranleras /e.bʁɑ̃l.ʁa/ | ébranlera /e.bʁɑ̃l.ʁa/ | ébranlerons /e.bʁɑ̃l.ʁɔ̃/ | ébranlerez /e.bʁɑ̃l.ʁe/ | ébranleront /e.bʁɑ̃l.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | ébranlerais /e.bʁɑ̃l.ʁɛ/ | ébranlerais /e.bʁɑ̃l.ʁɛ/ | ébranlerait /e.bʁɑ̃l.ʁɛ/ | ébranlerions /e.bʁɑ̃.lə.ʁjɔ̃/ | ébranleriez /e.bʁɑ̃.lə.ʁje/ | ébranleraient /e.bʁɑ̃l.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | ébranle /e.bʁɑ̃l/ | ébranles /e.bʁɑ̃l/ | ébranle /e.bʁɑ̃l/ | ébranlions /e.bʁɑ̃.ljɔ̃/ | ébranliez /e.bʁɑ̃.lje/ | ébranlent /e.bʁɑ̃l/ |
| imperfect2 | ébranlasse /e.bʁɑ̃.las/ | ébranlasses /e.bʁɑ̃.las/ | ébranlât /e.bʁɑ̃.la/ | ébranlassions /e.bʁɑ̃.la.sjɔ̃/ | ébranlassiez /e.bʁɑ̃.la.sje/ | ébranlassent /e.bʁɑ̃.las/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | ébranle /e.bʁɑ̃l/ | — | ébranlons /e.bʁɑ̃.lɔ̃/ | ébranlez /e.bʁɑ̃.le/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Related terms
- ébranlable
- inébranlable
- ébranlement
Further reading
- “ébranler”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
- “ébranler” in Dictionnaire Français en ligne Larousse.
- “ébranler” in Dico en ligne Le Robert.