ær
See also: -ær, ær-, and Appendix:Variations of "aer"
Faroese
Etymology
From Old Norse ær, from Proto-Germanic *awiz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ówis.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɛaːɹ/
Noun
ær f (genitive singular ær, plural ær)
- ewe
- ofta eigur svørt ær hvítt lamb.
- Black ewes often give birth to white lambs.
Declension
| Declension of ær | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| f20 | singular | plural | ||
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
| nominative | ær | ærin | ær | ærnar |
| accusative | ær | ærina | ær | ærnar |
| dative | ær | ærini | óm | ónum |
| genitive | ær | ærinnar | áa | áanna |
Derived terms
- áseyður
- ærkjøt
Icelandic
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /aiːr/
- Rhymes: -aiːr
Etymology 1
From Old Norse ær, from Proto-Germanic *awiz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ówis.
Noun
ær f (genitive singular ær, nominative plural ær)
- ewe
Declension
declension of ær
| f-s3 | singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
| nominative | ær | ærin | ær | ærnar |
| accusative | á | ána | ær | ærnar |
| dative | á | ánni | ám | ánum |
| genitive | ær | ærinnar | áa | ánna |
Etymology 2
From Old Norse ǿrr, from Proto-Germanic *wōrijaz. Cognate to Old English wērig (modern weary).
Adjective
ær (comparative ærari, superlative ærastur)
- mad
Inflection
positive (strong declension)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | ær | ær | ært |
| accusative | æran | æra | ært |
| dative | ærum | ærri | æru |
| genitive | ærs | ærrar | ærs |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | ærir | ærar | ær |
| accusative | æra | ærar | ær |
| dative | ærum | ærum | ærum |
| genitive | ærra | ærra | ærra |
positive (weak declension)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | æri | æra | æra |
| accusative | æra | æru | æra |
| dative | æra | æru | æra |
| genitive | æra | æru | æra |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | æru | æru | æru |
| accusative | æru | æru | æru |
| dative | æru | æru | æru |
| genitive | æru | æru | æru |
comparative
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | ærari | ærari | ærara |
| accusative | ærari | ærari | ærara |
| dative | ærari | ærari | ærara |
| genitive | ærari | ærari | ærara |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | ærari | ærari | ærari |
| accusative | ærari | ærari | ærari |
| dative | ærari | ærari | ærari |
| genitive | ærari | ærari | ærari |
superlative (strong declension)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | ærastur | ærust | ærast |
| accusative | ærastan | ærasta | ærast |
| dative | ærustum | ærastri | ærustu |
| genitive | ærasts | ærastrar | ærasts |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | ærastir | ærastar | ærust |
| accusative | ærasta | ærastar | ærust |
| dative | ærustum | ærustum | ærustum |
| genitive | ærastra | ærastra | ærastra |
superlative (weak declension)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | ærasti | ærasta | ærasta |
| accusative | ærasta | ærustu | ærasta |
| dative | ærasta | ærustu | ærasta |
| genitive | ærasta | ærustu | ærasta |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | ærustu | ærustu | ærustu |
| accusative | ærustu | ærustu | ærustu |
| dative | ærustu | ærustu | ærustu |
| genitive | ærustu | ærustu | ærustu |
References
- Ásgeir Blöndal Magnússon — Íslensk orðsifjabók, (1989). Reykjavík, Orðabók Háskólans. (Available on Málið.is under the “Eldra mál” tab.)
Norwegian Bokmål
Etymology 1
From Old Norse æðr (“eider”).
Noun
ær f or m (definite singular æra or æren, indefinite plural ærer, definite plural ærene)
- eider
Synonyms
- ærfugl
Derived terms
- ederdun
- ederdunsdyne
Verb
ær
- imperative of ære
Norwegian Nynorsk
Etymology 1
From Old Norse æðr.
Noun
ær f (definite singular æra, indefinite plural ærer, definite plural ærene)
- eider
Usage notes
- The compound ærfugl is more commonly used.
Verb
ær
- imperative of æra
Noun
ær n (definite singular æret, indefinite plural ær, definite plural æra)
- (pre-2012) alternative form of arr
Etymology 4
From Old Norse yðr.
Alternative forms
- ør, øder
Pronoun
ær (possessive ærs)
- (obsolete or dialectal) objective case of i
References
- “ær” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
- Ivar Aasen (1850), “i”, in Ordbog over det norske Folkesprog, Oslo: Samlaget, published 2000
Old English
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *airiz, originally a comparative form (=‘earlier’).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /æːr/
Adjective
ǣr (comparative ǣrra, superlative ǣrest)
- early, previous, former
Declension
Declension of ǣr — Strong
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ǣr | ǣr | ǣr |
| Accusative | ǣrne | ǣre | ǣr |
| Genitive | ǣres | ǣrre | ǣres |
| Dative | ǣrum | ǣrre | ǣrum |
| Instrumental | ǣre | ǣrre | ǣre |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | ǣre | ǣra, ǣre | ǣr |
| Accusative | ǣre | ǣra, ǣre | ǣr |
| Genitive | ǣrra | ǣrra | ǣrra |
| Dative | ǣrum | ǣrum | ǣrum |
| Instrumental | ǣrum | ǣrum | ǣrum |
Declension of ǣr — Weak
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ǣra | ǣre | ǣre |
| Accusative | ǣran | ǣran | ǣre |
| Genitive | ǣran | ǣran | ǣran |
| Dative | ǣran | ǣran | ǣran |
| Instrumental | ǣran | ǣran | ǣran |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | ǣran | ǣran | ǣran |
| Accusative | ǣran | ǣran | ǣran |
| Genitive | ǣrra, ǣrena | ǣrra, ǣrena | ǣrra, ǣrena |
| Dative | ǣrum | ǣrum | ǣrum |
| Instrumental | ǣrum | ǣrum | ǣrum |
Preposition
ǣr
- before, (in negative sentences) until
- Hēo becōm ānre niht ǣr mē.
- She arrived one day before me.
- Earge sweltaþ manigum sīðum ǣr heora dēaðum.
- Cowards die many times before their deaths.
Conjunction
ǣr
- before, (in negative sentences) until
- Ne telle man nānne mann ġesǣliġne ǣr hē biþ dēad.
- No one should be considered lucky until he is dead.
- Ǣr þon þe hē hit cwæþ, nyste hē nā hwæt hē cweðan wolde.
- Until he said it, he did not know what he was going to say.
- rather than (in preference to)
Descendants
- Middle English: er
- English: ere
- Scots: air
- Yola: ear
Derived terms
- ǣrlīċe
- ǣrdæġ
- ǣrgōd
- ǣrra ġēola (“December”)
Old Norse
Etymology 1
From Proto-Germanic *awiz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ówis.
Noun
ær f (genitive ær, plural ær)
- ewe
Declension
Declension of ær (strong i-stem)
| feminine | singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
| nominative | ær | ærin | ær | ærnar |
| accusative | á | ána | ær | ærnar |
| dative | á | ánni | ám | ánum |
| genitive | ær | ærinnar | á | ánna |
Descendants
- Icelandic: ær
- Faroese: ær
- Norwegian Nynorsk: ærsaud, ærsau
- Danish: ålam (Thy dialect)
Verb
ær
- second/third-person singular present indicative of æja
References
- ær in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, G. T. Zoëga, Clarendon Press, 1910, at Internet Archive.