zozobrar
Spanish
Etymology
From Old Spanish sozobrar, borrowed from Old Catalan sotsobrar, from sotsobre < sots + sobre, or from a Vulgar Latin *subsuperāre (“turn upside down”), from sub (“under”) + super (“over”)[1]. Compare also French sombrer.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): (Spain) /θoθoˈbɾaɾ/ [θo.θoˈβ̞ɾaɾ]
- IPA(key): (Latin America) /sosoˈbɾaɾ/ [so.soˈβ̞ɾaɾ]
- Rhymes: -aɾ
- Syllabification: zo‧zo‧brar
Verb
zozobrar (first-person singular present zozobro, first-person singular preterite zozobré, past participle zozobrado)
- (nautical, intransitive) to capsize, founder, sink
- (of a business or project, intransitive) to fail
- (of a person, intransitive) to worry, or fret; to be anxious
Conjugation
Conjugation of zozobrar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
| infinitive | zozobrar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | zozobrando | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | zozobrado | zozobrada | |||||
| plural | zozobrados | zozobradas | |||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | zozobro | zozobrastú zozobrásvos | zozobra | zozobramos | zozobráis | zozobran | |
| imperfect | zozobraba | zozobrabas | zozobraba | zozobrábamos | zozobrabais | zozobraban | |
| preterite | zozobré | zozobraste | zozobró | zozobramos | zozobrasteis | zozobraron | |
| future | zozobraré | zozobrarás | zozobrará | zozobraremos | zozobraréis | zozobrarán | |
| conditional | zozobraría | zozobrarías | zozobraría | zozobraríamos | zozobraríais | zozobrarían | |
| subjunctive | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | zozobre | zozobrestú zozobrésvos2 | zozobre | zozobremos | zozobréis | zozobren | |
| imperfect (ra) | zozobrara | zozobraras | zozobrara | zozobráramos | zozobrarais | zozobraran | |
| imperfect (se) | zozobrase | zozobrases | zozobrase | zozobrásemos | zozobraseis | zozobrasen | |
| future1 | zozobrare | zozobrares | zozobrare | zozobráremos | zozobrareis | zozobraren | |
| imperative | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes | |
| affirmative | zozobratú zozobrávos | zozobre | zozobremos | zozobrad | zozobren | ||
| negative | no zozobres | no zozobre | no zozobremos | no zozobréis | no zozobren | ||
1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
Related terms
- zozobra
Descendants
- → Portuguese: soçobrar
References
- Joan Coromines; José A. Pascual (1983–1991) Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos
Further reading
- “zozobrar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
- Vicente Garcia de Diego, Diccionario Etimológico Español e Hispánico, pp. 379,427.