zobs

zobs

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /zɔb/

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

zobs m

1. plural of zob

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Latvian

Zobi

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *źámbas[1] (with irregular *am > Latvian o ([uo]); or perhaps from a parallel form *žanbas, since *an > Latvian o ([uo]) is a regular change), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵómbʰos (“tooth; row of teeth”), itself from the stem *ǵembʰ- (“to bite”), apparently a variant of synonymous *ǵebʰ. Cognates include Lithuanian žam̃bas (“log, beam edge; any sharp, angular object”), žam̃bis (“wooden plow”), Old Church Slavonic зѫбъ (zǫbŭ), Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian зуб (zub), Bulgarian зъб (zǎb), Czech zub, Polish ząb, Old High German chamb (“comb”), Old Norse kambr, Old English camb, English comb, Albanian dhëmb (“tooth”), Sanskrit जम्भः (jámbhaḥ, “tooth, fang”), Ancient Greek γόμφος (gómphos, “nail, peg”), γομφίος (gomphíos, “molar”).[2]

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [zùops]

Noun

zobs m (1st declension)

1. (anatomy) tooth (a hard, calcareous element in a structure present in the mouths of most vertebrates, used for biting and eating)

   veselīgi zobi ― healthy teeth

   nedzīvs zobs ― lifeless tooth

   zoba kronis ― tooth crown

   zoba sakne ― tooth root

   zoba emalja ― tooth enamel

   zobu šķilšanās ― teething (lit. teeth hatching)

   bērnam nāk zobi ― the child's teeth are coming out

   zoba plombēšana ― tooth filling

   zobu sāpes ― toothache

   zobu protēze ― denture (lit. tooth prosthesis)

   izraut zobu ― to pull out a tooth

   tīrīt zobus ar suku ― to clean (one's) teeth with a brush

   piena zobs ― milk tooth

   acu zobs, acuzobs ― eye tooth (i.e., canine tooth)

   gudrības zobs ― wisdom tooth

   tik auksts, ka zobi klab ― (it is) so cold that (one's) teeth chatter

2. (on tools, objects) tooth (protuberance, usually pointed, and usually on the side)

   zāģa zobi ― saw teeth

   ielikt pļaujmašīnai jaunu zobu ― to add a new tooth to the mower

   pils torņa zobi ― castle tower teeth (= battlement, crenels)

   viņš iedod atslēgu; tā ir pavisam jauna, smalki ievīlētiem zobiem ― he gave the key; it is brand new, (with) finely filed teeth

3. (of cutting tools) cutting edge (sharp side of the blade)

   izkapts zobs ― the cutting edge (lit. tooth) of a scythe

   uzskati koku, ko cirvja zobs dziļi ievainojis ― you are looking at a tree which the ax blade, edge (lit. tooth) hurt (= cut) deep

Declension

Declension of zobs (1st declension)

	singular (vienskaitlis)	plural (daudzskaitlis)
nominative (nominatīvs)	zobs	zobi
accusative (akuzatīvs)	zobu	zobus
genitive (ģenitīvs)	zoba	zobu
dative (datīvs)	zobam	zobiem
instrumental (instrumentālis)	zobu	zobiem
locative (lokatīvs)	zobā	zobos
vocative (vokatīvs)	zobs	zobi

Derived terms

• gudrības zobs
• zobakmens, zobu akmens
• zobārsts, zobārste, zobārstniecība
• zobens
• zobu birste f, zobubirste f
• zobu pasta f
• zobu suka f

See also

• dzeroklis

References

1. Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 549
2. Karulis, Konstantīns (1992), “zobs”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN