zivs
Latgalian
Zivs.
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *źū́ˀs, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰǵʰu-. Cognates include Latvian zivs and Lithuanian žuvis.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈzʲiwsʲ]
- Hyphenation: zivs
Noun
zivs m (diminutive zivteņa)
- fish
Declension
Declension of zivs (type 6 noun)
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | zivs | zivs, zivis |
| genitive | zivs | zyvu |
| dative | zivei | zivim, zivom1) |
| accusative | zivi | zivs, zivis |
| instrumental | zivi | zivim, zivom1) |
| locative | zivī | zivīs, zivuos1) |
| vocative | zivs | zivs, zivis |
| 1) dialectal | ||
References
- Nicole Nau (2011) A short grammar of Latgalian, München: LINCOM GmbH, →ISBN, page 17
Latvian
Zivs
Zivs
Zivs
Zivs
Alternative forms
- (dialectal forms) zuvs, zuve
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *źū́ˀs, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰǵʰu-. Cognates include Lithuanian žuvìs (“fish”), Old Prussian suckis (zukis, “fish”), Ancient Greek ἰχθύς (ikhthús) and Old Armenian ձուկն (jukn).
Karulis doesn't accept the resolution of the thorn cluster and so instead sets up *ǵʰeu-wi-s, *ǵʰu-wi-s from a putative Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰew- (“fish”), comparing *ǵʰew- (“to pour”) or *ǵʰēu-, *ǵʰəu- (“to gape”).[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ziws]
(file)
Noun
zivs f (6th declension)
- fish (animal that lives in water, moving with fins and breathing with gills)
- jūras zivis ― sea fish
- svaigas zivis ― fresh fish
- saldētas zivis ― frozen fish
- žāvēt zivis ― to dry fish
- zivju dīķi ― fish ponds
- zivju eļļa ― fish oil
- zivju nārsts ― fish spawning
- plēsīgās zivis ― predatory fish
- zivju konservi ― canned fish
- zivju ikri, spuras ― fish eggs, fins
- saldūdens zivis ― freshwater fish
- dziļūdens zivis ― deep-water fish
- vilkt, zvejot zivis ― to catch fish
- zivju rūpniecība ― the fish(ing) industry
- kā zivs ūdenī ― like a fish in water (= very comfortable)
- “vai te nav kāda upe tuvumā?” “ir; un tur ir daudz zivju” ― “isn't there some river nearby?” “(yes,) there is; and there are a lot of fish there (= in it)”
Declension
Declension of zivs (6th declension)
| singular (vienskaitlis) | plural (daudzskaitlis) | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative (nominatīvs) | zivs | zivis |
| accusative (akuzatīvs) | zivi | zivis |
| genitive (ģenitīvs) | zivs | zivju |
| dative (datīvs) | zivij | zivīm |
| instrumental (instrumentālis) | zivi | zivīm |
| locative (lokatīvs) | zivī | zivīs |
| vocative (vokatīvs) | zivs | zivis |
Related terms
- zveja
- zvejnieks, zvejniece, zvejniecība
References
- Karulis, Konstantīns (1992), “zivs”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN