zain
See also: Zain and zaïn
English
Etymology
Borrowed from French zain.
Noun
zain (plural zains)
- (archaic) A horse of a dark colour with no lighter spots.
- 1905, Sir William Ridgeway, The origin and influence of the thoroughbred horse:
- Azara estimates the proportion of bays amongst these horses to be about ninety to ten zains, that is, entirely dark-coloured without any white; and there is not one black in two thousand; pied and greys occur sometimes […]
-
Anagrams
- Nazi, azin, nazi, zina
Basque
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /s̻ai̯n/, [s̻ãĩ̯n]
Audio (file)
Alternative forms
- zan (Biscayan)
Noun
zain inan
- vein
- Synonyms: zainurdin, bena
- (colloquial) nerve
- Synonyms: zaintzuri, nerbio
- (colloquial) tendon, sinew
- Synonyms: zurda, tendoi
- artery
- Synonyms: zaingorri, arteria
- varicose vein
- Synonym: barize
- vigor, strength
- (figuratively) root
- Synonyms: zuztar, erro
Declension
| Declension of zain (inanimate, ending in consonant) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | singular | plural | |
| absolutive | zain | zaina | zainak |
| ergative | zainek | zainak | zainek |
| dative | zaini | zainari | zainei |
| genitive | zainen | zainaren | zainen |
| comitative | zainekin | zainarekin | zainekin |
| causative | zainengatik | zainarengatik | zainengatik |
| benefactive | zainentzat | zainarentzat | zainentzat |
| instrumental | zainez | zainaz | zainez |
| inessive | zainetan | zainean | zainetan |
| locative | zainetako | zaineko | zainetako |
| allative | zainetara | zainera | zainetara |
| terminative | zainetaraino | zaineraino | zainetaraino |
| directive | zainetarantz | zainerantz | zainetarantz |
| destinative | zainetarako | zainerako | zainetarako |
| ablative | zainetatik | zainetik | zainetatik |
| partitive | zainik | — | — |
| prolative | zaintzat | — | — |
Derived terms
- zainar
- zainbelar
- zaineten
- zaingabetu
- zaingorri
- zaintsu
- zaintzuri
- zainurdin
- zainzuri
Etymology 2
From Proto-Basque *zani.[1]
Alternative forms
- zan (Biscayan)
Noun
zain anim
- guard, watchman
- shepherd
- Synonym: artzain
Declension
| Declension of zain (animate, ending in consonant) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | singular | plural | |
| absolutive | zain | zaina | zainak |
| ergative | zainek | zainak | zainek |
| dative | zaini | zainari | zainei |
| genitive | zainen | zainaren | zainen |
| comitative | zainekin | zainarekin | zainekin |
| causative | zainengatik | zainarengatik | zainengatik |
| benefactive | zainentzat | zainarentzat | zainentzat |
| instrumental | zainez | zainaz | zainez |
| inessive | zainengan | zainarengan | zainengan |
| locative | — | — | — |
| allative | zainengana | zainarengana | zainengana |
| terminative | zainenganaino | zainarenganaino | zainenganaino |
| directive | zainenganantz | zainarenganantz | zainenganantz |
| destinative | zainenganako | zainarenganako | zainenganako |
| ablative | zainengandik | zainarengandik | zainengandik |
| partitive | zainik | — | — |
| prolative | zaintzat | — | — |
Derived terms
- abeltzain
- artzain
- ertzain
- Ertzaintza
- -zain
- zainaldi
- zaindari
- zaindaritza
- zaindu
- zaingela
- zainketa
- zainlari
- zainpe
- zaintza
- zaintzaile
- zaintzaletza
Verb
zain
- Third-person singular (hura), taking informal second-person singular feminine (hiri) as indirect object, present indicative form of izan.
References
- “zain” in Etymological Dictionary of Basque by R. L. Trask, sussex.ac.uk
Further reading
- "zain" in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy], euskaltzaindia.eus
- “zain” in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], euskaltzaindia.eus
Cimbrian
Alternative forms
- soi (Luserna)
Etymology
From Middle High German sein, sīn, from Old High German sīn, from Proto-West Germanic *sīn, from Proto-Germanic *sīnaz (“his, hers, its, their own”). Cognate with German sein.
Determiner
zain (plural zain, bon/dar zaindarn) (Sette Comuni)
- his, her, its, their
- Dar zain zun machet in zòllander. ― His son is in the military.
- An tòchtar bon zaindarn ist an léeraren. ― Their daughter is a teacher.
- his, hers, its, theirs
- De khua ist zain. ― The cow is hers.
Usage notes
The following rules apply to all Sette Comuni Cimbrian possessive determiners:
- They are inflected by number and gender in only exclamations (i.e. vocative case).
- Before nouns, they are inflected for number only and follow the corresponding definite article (a form of dar).
- The plural ending is -en, or -∅ when the pronoun itself ends in -n.
- Predicatively, they are uninflected and the definite article is not used.
- Following bon (“of”) or dar (the only surviving trace of a genitive definite article; used for all numbers and genders) they end in -darn.
Inflection
| Inflection of zain | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | neuter | plural | |
| zaindar | zaina | zaines | zaine | |
| These inflections are only used in exclamations. | ||||
See also
| Possessive determiners | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| 1st person | main | ögnar |
| 2nd person | dain | ôar |
| 3rd person | zain | |
References
- “zain” in Martalar, Umberto Martello; Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo
French
Etymology
Borrowed from Italian zaino.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /zɛ̃/
Audio (file)
Adjective
zain (feminine zaine, masculine plural zains, feminine plural zaines)
- (of the coat of a horse, dog etc.) Having no white markings
Further reading
- “zain”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.