-YÉÉL
Navajo
Etymology
Probably from Proto-Athabaskan *ɣ̇etɬ’ (“to become dark; to be quiet, calm”).
Cognate root found in Ahtna naghighaetlʼ (“it got dark”), dezghaetlʼ (“it is calm”). Compare also Navajo hił (“darkness”).
Root
-YÉÉL
1. dark
| Theme | Category | Bases | Transitive bases (O + ł) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ł | adjectival | S is dark
| |||||
| ł | S becomes dark, night
| ||||||
| yi + Ø | ? | S dreams
|
2. calm, quiet
| Theme | Category | Bases | Transitive bases (O + ł) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| di + ł (ho) + di + Ø | adjectival | S is calm
| |||||
| di + ł (ho) + di + Ø | S becomes calm
| S calms O down
|
Stem set
| Aspect | IMP | PERF | FUT | ITER | OPT |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MOM | -yeeł | -yéél | -yił | -yił | -yeeł |
| TRANS /CONT | -yeeł | -yeel | -yił | -yił | -yeeł |
| NEUT | -yeeł, yił | -yéél | - | - | - |
See also Appendix: Roots and stems derivation.
Synonyms
dark:
- -TŁIIZH
- -ZHĮ́Į́ʼ
calm:
- -ZEEʼ
Derived terms
Navajo terms belonging to the root -YÉÉL (dark)
Navajo terms belonging to the root -YÉÉL (calm)