yikʼíididis
Navajo
Etymology
b- (3rd person indirect object prefix) + -kʼí- (“onto”) + -y- (3rd person object prefix) + -di- (thematic) + -Ø- (3rd person subject prefix) + -Ø- (classifier) + -dis (imperfective stem of root -DIZ, “to twist”).
Verb
yikʼíididis
- he/she is wrapping it (direct object) around it (indirect object) in a spiral fashion
- he/she is bandaging it (indirect object) with it (direct object)
Conjugation
Paradigm: Reversative (Ø/si).
| IMPERFECTIVE | singular | duoplural | plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | bikʼídísdis | bikʼídiidis | bikʼídadiidis |
| 2nd person | bikʼídídis | bikʼídóhdis | bikʼídadohdis |
| 3rd person | yikʼíididis | yikʼídeididis | |
| 4th person | bikʼízhdídis | bikʼídazhdidis | |
| PERFECTIVE | singular | duoplural | plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | bikʼídédiz | bikʼídeediz | bikʼídadeediz |
| 2nd person | bikʼídínídiz | bikʼídisoodiz | bikʼídadisoodiz |
| 3rd person | yikʼíideezdiz | yikʼídeideezdiz | |
| 4th person | bikʼízhdeezdiz | bikʼídazhdeezdiz | |
| FUTURE | singular | duoplural | plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | bikʼídideesdis | bikʼídidiidis | bikʼídadidiidis |
| 2nd person | bikʼídidíídis | bikʼídidoohdis | bikʼídadidoohdis |
| 3rd person | yikʼíididoodis | yikʼídeididoodis | |
| 4th person | bikʼízhdidoodis | bikʼídazhdidoodis | |
Note: Young and Morgan (1987, 1992) categorize this verb as a reversative aspect, but it lacks the marker prefix ná- that characterizes this aspect.
Verbal stems
- IMPERFECTIVE: -dis
- PERFECTIVE: -diz
- FUTURE: -dis
- ITERATIVE: -dis
- OPTATIVE: -dis