Xinjiang
See also: Xīnjiāng
English
Etymology 1
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 新疆 (Xīnjiāng, “new territory, new frontier”), from 新 (xīn, “new”) + 疆 (jiāng, “territory, border, frontier”).
Alternative forms
- (from Wade-Giles) Hsin-chiang, Hsinchiang
- Hsin-kiang
- Sinkiang
- (misspelling) Xingjiang
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈʃinˈd͡ʒjɑŋ/
- enPR: sĭnʹkyăngʹ, shĭnʹjyängʹ, shĭnʹjē-ängʹ
Proper noun
Xinjiang
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- A sparsely populated autonomous region (official English language name: Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region) of the People's Republic of China located in the western part of the nation.
- 1975, “The National Minority Languages of China”, in Winfred P. Lehmann, editor, Language and Linguistics in the People's Republic of China, University of Texas Press, →ISBN, LCCN 75-3572, OCLC 462849192, page 114:
- In the Xinjiang Autonomous Region, only local languages are used as a medium of instruction in the elementary and middle schools. In the same region, the law provides that both Chinese and Uighur must be used in all public documents.
- 2020, Laura Zhou, “Marco Rubio urges US Congress to pass Uygur bill to counter China’s crackdown in Xinjiang”, in South China Morning Post:
- Since early 2017, the Chinese government has reportedly detained some 1 million Uygurs and other largely Muslim ethnic minorities in mass internment camps in Xinjiang, where inmates are subjected to political indoctrination. Beijing claims the facilities are “vocational training centres” and says they are a legitimate response to the threat of religious extremism.
- 2021 June 13, President Joe Biden, Biden says G7 leaders agreed to call out China over human rights abuses in Xinjiang and Hong Kong, South China Morning Post, 0:00 from the start:
- G7 explicitly agreed to call out human rights abuses in Xinjiang and in Hong Kong- explicitly. Two, to coordinate a common strategy to deal with China non-market policies that undermine competition- we've agreed and that's underway now how to do that. Three, to take serious actions against forced labor in solar, agriculture and the garment industries, because that's where it's happening- and they've agreed we will do that.
- 2022 May 6, Li Yuan, “Has Shanghai Been Xinjianged?”, in The New York Times, ISSN 0362-4331:
- Xinjiang was the dark China. The western frontier region, which is twice the size of Texas, is home to more than 10 million Muslim ethnic minorities who have been subject to mass detentions, religious repression and intrusive digital and physical surveillance.
- For more quotations using this term, see Citations:Xinjiang.
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Usage notes
This term is rejected by Uyghur independence activists due to the fact that it is a name given by the Chinese state. Instead, the term East Turkestan is used, which reflects their desire to have a homeland exclusively for Turkic peoples.
Synonyms
- Chinese Turkestan (can variously refer to Xinjiang as a whole or to portions of Xinjiang)
- East Turkestan, East Turkistan
- (abbreviation) XUAR
Derived terms
- Xinjiangese
Translations
autonomous region of China
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See also
- Ürümqi, Wulumuqi, Urumchi
- Uyghur
- Altishahr
Etymology 2
Map including Xinjiang (DMA, 1998)
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 新絳／新绛 (Xīnjiàng).
Proper noun
Xinjiang
- A county of Yuncheng, Shanxi, China.
- 2010 September 3, He Jianwei, “Beats of the land: Artist's persistence saves ethnic heritage”, in Beijing Today, number 482, ISSN 2095-9591, OCLC 958634538, pages 12-13, columns 3-1:
- Drumming in Shanxi Province can be dated back centuries earlier to Xinjiang County, the ancient name of Jiangzhou, in present-day Shanxi Province.
- 2015, Guoguang Wu, Helen Lansdowne, China's Transition from Communism - New Perspectives, →ISBN, LCCN 2015015704, OCLC 931999334:
- In September 2009, Xinjiang County in Yuncheng Municipality, Shanxi Province started to put village administrative information online for farmers to access.
- 2021, Tan, Ying Jia, “Waging Electrical Warfare”, in Recharging China in War and Revolution, 1882-1955, Cornell University Press, →ISBN, LCCN 2020058201, OCLC 1237246332, page 150:
- About a month after surviving the power blockade in Harbin, the PLA entered Shuo County in Shanxi Province only to learn that the former warlord Yan Xishan had ordered the destruction of the county seat’s power station. According to the Xinhua News Agency, it took twenty-seven days to repair the damage, and after which “the bright lights of 15,500 lamps celebrated the return of brightness.⁵² The same thing happened after the Communist capture of Xinjiang County in southern Shanxi and Cang County in southern Hebei in July 1946.
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Translations
county
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French
Alternative forms
- Sin-kiang
Etymology
From Chinese 新疆.
Proper noun
Xinjiang m
- Xinjiang
- Synonyms: Turkestan chinois, Turkestan oriental
Portuguese
Proper noun
Xinjiang m
- Alternative form of Sinkiang