xenophobia

xenophobia

English

Alternative forms

• xenofobia (non-Native speakers' English)

Etymology

From xeno- +‎ -phobia.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˌzɛn.əˈfəʊ.bɪ.ə/
• (US) IPA^(key): /ˌziː.nəˈfoʊ.bi.ə/, /ˌzɛn.əˈfoʊ.bi.ə/
• Rhymes: -əʊbiə

• Audio (CA)

  (file)

Noun

xenophobia (countable and uncountable, plural xenophobias)

1. A hatred of strangers or foreigners.
2. A fear of strangers or foreigners.
3. A strong antipathy or aversion to strangers or foreigners.
   • 2020 January 28, Mairov Zonszein, “Christian Zionist philo-Semitism is driving Trump’s Israel policy”, in The Washington Post‎:

     The great sociologist Zygmunt Bauman argued that philo-Semitism and anti-Semitism both fall under “allosemitism”: literally Othering the Jew. He defined it not as resentment of what is different, which is xenophobia, but rather of what defies order and clear categories. In 1997, he wrote, “The Jew is ambivalence incarnate. And ambivalence is ambivalence mostly because it cannot be contemplated without ambivalent feeling: it is simultaneously attractive and repelling.”

4. A fear of aliens.

Synonyms

• xenophoby (rare)

Antonyms

• xenomania
• xenophilia
• xenophily
• allophilia (more general)

Derived terms

• xenophobiac
• xenophobian
• xenoglossophobia

Related terms

• xenophobe
• xenophobic

Translations

a pathological fear or hatred of strangers or foreigners

Afrikaans: xenofobie (af) Albanian: ksenofobi (sq) f Arabic: رُهَاب الْأَجَانِب‎ m (ruhāb al-ʾajānib), كَرْه الْأَجَانِب‎ m (karh al-ʾajānib) Armenian: այլատյացություն (hy) (aylatyacʿutʿyun), քսենոֆոբիա (hy) (kʿsenofobia) Asturian: xenofobia f Azerbaijani: ksenofobiya Basque: xenofobia (eu) Belarusian: ксенафо́бія f (ksjenafóbija), ксэнафо́бія f (ksenafóbija) Bulgarian: ксенофо́бия f (ksenofóbija) Catalan: xenofòbia (ca) f Chinese: Mandarin: 排外主義／排外主义 (páiwàizhǔyì), 仇外 (chóuwài), 排外 (zh) (páiwài), 外國人恐懼症／外国人恐惧症 (wàiguórén kǒngjùzhèng) Corsican: xenufobia f, senufobia f Czech: xenofobie (cs) f Danish: xenofobi (da) c, fremmedfrygt c, fremmedangst c Dutch: xenofobie (nl) f, vreemdelingenhaat (nl) c Esperanto: ksenofobio Estonian: ksenofoobia (et) Finnish: ksenofobia (fi), muukalaisviha (fi) French: xénophobie (fr) Galician: xenofobia (gl) f Georgian: ქსენოფობია (ka) (ksenopobia), უცხოს სიძულვილი (ucxos siʒulvili), უცხოსადმი შიში (ucxosadmi šiši) German: Fremdenfeindlichkeit (de) f, (scientific) Xenophobie (de) f, Fremdenhass (de) m Greek: ξενοφοβία (el) f (xenofovía) Hebrew: שִׂנְאַת זָרִים‎ f (sinát zarím) Hindi: अज्ञातव्यक्तिभीति f (agyātavyaktibhīti) Hungarian: xenofóbia (hu), idegengyűlölet (hu) Icelandic: útlendingahatur Ido: xenofobio Indonesian: xenofobia (id) Irish: seineafóibe f Italian: xenofobia (it) f, senofobia (it) f Japanese: 外国人恐怖症 (がいこくじんきょうふしょう, gaikokujin kyōfushō), 外国人排斥 (がいこくじんはいせき, gaikokujin haiseki), 外国人嫌悪 (がいこくじんけんお, gaikokujin ken'o), 排外主義 (はいがいしゅぎ, haigaishugi), 外国人嫌い (がいこくじんぎらい, gaikokujingirai) Karachay-Balkar: ксенофобия (ksenofobiya) Kazakh: үргедектік (ürgedektık), ксенофобия (ksenofobiä) Korean: 외국인혐오증(外國人嫌惡症) (oeguginhyeomojeung) Kurdish: Northern Kurdish: zenofobî (ku) Kyrgyz: ксенофобия (ksenofobiya) Latvian: ksenofobija f Lithuanian: ksenofobija (lt) f Macedonian: ксенофобија (ksenofobija) Malay: xenofobia (ms) Mongolian: гадаад үзэмж (gadaad üzemž), ксенофоби (ksenofobi) Norwegian: Bokmål: xenofobi (no) m, fremmedfrykt m Nynorsk: xenofobi m Persian: بیگانه‌هراسی‎ (fa) (bigâne-harâsi), گزنوفوبی‎ (gzenofobi) (dated) Polish: ksenofobia (pl) f Portuguese: xenofobia (pt) f Romanian: xenofobie (ro) f Russian: ксенофо́бия (ru) f (ksenofóbija), неприя́знь к иностра́нцам f (neprijáznʹ k inostráncam), не́нависть к иностра́нцам f (nénavistʹ k inostráncam) Serbo-Croatian: Cyrillic: ксенофо̀бија f Roman: ksenofòbija (sh) f Slovak: xenofóbia (sk) f Slovene: ksenofobija (sl) f Spanish: xenofobia (es) f Swedish: främlingsfientlighet (sv) c Thai: ความเกลียดกลัวต่างชาติ (kwaam-glìiat-gluua-dtàang-châat) Turkish: zenofobi (tr), yabancı korkusu Ukrainian: ксенофо́бія f (ksenofóbija) Uzbek: ksenofobiya (uz) Vietnamese: tinh bài ngoại Volapük: foginananeflenäl West Frisian: ksenofoby

See also

• aporophobia
• racism

Further reading

• “The Invention of ‘Xenophobia’” by George Makari (2021-10-06) in Los Angeles Review of Books.