wꜥꜣ
Egyptian
Pronunciation
- (modern Egyptological) IPA(key): /wɑːʔɑ/
- Conventional anglicization: waa
Verb
3-lit.
- (intransitive) to speak evil, to curse or blaspheme (+ ḥr: about, against) [since Middle Kingdom literature]
- (transitive) to revile (someone or something) [since the New Kingdom]
Usage notes
Possibly the same word as wꜣ (“to brood, to conspire”).
Inflection
Conjugation of wꜥꜣ (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: wꜥꜣ, geminated stem: wꜥꜣꜣ
infinitival forms | imperative | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | negatival complement | complementary infinitive1 | singular | plural |
wꜥꜣ | wꜥꜣw, wꜥꜣ | wꜥꜣt | wꜥꜣ | wꜥꜣ |
‘pseudoverbal’ forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
stative stem | periphrastic imperfective2 | periphrastic prospective2 | |
wꜥꜣ | ḥr wꜥꜣ | m wꜥꜣ | r wꜥꜣ |
suffix conjugation | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
aspect / mood | active | passive | contingent | ||
aspect / mood | active | passive | |||
perfect | wꜥꜣ.n | wꜥꜣw, wꜥꜣ | consecutive | wꜥꜣ.jn | active + .tj1, .tw2 |
active + .tj1, .tw2 | |||||
terminative | wꜥꜣt | ||||
perfective3 | wꜥꜣ | active + .tj1, .tw2 | obligative | wꜥꜣ.ḫr | active + .tj1, .tw2 |
imperfective | wꜥꜣ | active + .tj1, .tw2 | |||
prospective3 | wꜥꜣ | wꜥꜣꜣ | potentialis | wꜥꜣ.kꜣ | active + .tj1, .tw2 |
active + .tj1, .tw2 | |||||
subjunctive | wꜥꜣ | active + .tj1, .tw2 |
verbal adjectives | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
aspect / mood | relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms | participles | ||
active | passive | active | passive | |
perfect | wꜥꜣ.n | active + .tj1, .tw2 | — | — |
perfective | wꜥꜣ | active + .tj1, .tw2 | wꜥꜣ | wꜥꜣ, wꜥꜣw5, wꜥꜣy5 |
imperfective | wꜥꜣ, wꜥꜣy, wꜥꜣw5 | active + .tj1, .tw2 | wꜥꜣ, wꜥꜣj6, wꜥꜣy6 | wꜥꜣ, wꜥꜣw5 |
prospective | wꜥꜣ, wꜥꜣtj7 | — | wꜥꜣtj4, wꜥꜣt4 | |
|
Alternative forms
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of wꜥꜣ
wꜥꜣ | wꜥꜣ | wꜥꜣ | ||||||||||||||||
[Late Egyptian] | [Late Egyptian] | [Late Period] |
Descendants
- Demotic: wꜥy
- Akhmimic Coptic: ⲟⲩⲁ (oua)
- Bohairic Coptic: ⲟⲩⲁ (oua)
- Sahidic Coptic: ⲟⲩⲁ (oua)
References
- Erman, Adolf; Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache, volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, page 244.10–244.13
- Faulkner, Raymond (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 57
- James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 458.