wꜣḥ
Egyptian
Pronunciation
- (reconstructed) IPA(key): /ˈwaːʀaħ/ → /ˈwaːʀaħ/ → /ˈwoːʔəħ/
- (modern Egyptological) IPA(key): /wɑħ/
- Conventional anglicization: wah
Verb
3-lit.
- (transitive) to lay (down), to put, to set (down)
- (transitive) to apply (a remedy)
- (intransitive) to endure
- (intransitive, as a non-attributive relative/emphatic form) used in introductory formulae for oaths, usually with a king or god as subject: As long as … endures, …
- (transitive) to leave aside
Inflection
Conjugation of wꜣḥ (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: wꜣḥ, geminated stem: wꜣḥḥ
infinitival forms | imperative | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | negatival complement | complementary infinitive1 | singular | plural |
wꜣḥ | wꜣḥw, wꜣḥ | wꜣḥt | wꜣḥ | wꜣḥ |
‘pseudoverbal’ forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
stative stem | periphrastic imperfective2 | periphrastic prospective2 | |
wꜣḥ | ḥr wꜣḥ | m wꜣḥ | r wꜣḥ |
suffix conjugation | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
aspect / mood | active | passive | contingent | ||
aspect / mood | active | passive | |||
perfect | wꜣḥ.n | wꜣḥw, wꜣḥ | consecutive | wꜣḥ.jn | active + .tj1, .tw2 |
active + .tj1, .tw2 | |||||
terminative | wꜣḥt | ||||
perfective3 | wꜣḥ | active + .tj1, .tw2 | obligative1 | wꜣḥ.ḫr | active + .tj1, .tw2 |
imperfective | wꜣḥ | active + .tj1, .tw2 | |||
prospective3 | wꜣḥ | wꜣḥḥ | potentialis1 | wꜣḥ.kꜣ | active + .tj1, .tw2 |
active + .tj1, .tw2 | |||||
subjunctive | wꜣḥ | active + .tj1, .tw2 |
verbal adjectives | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
aspect / mood | relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms | participles | ||
active | passive | active | passive | |
perfect | wꜣḥ.n | active + .tj1, .tw2 | — | — |
perfective | wꜣḥ | active + .tj1, .tw2 | wꜣḥ | wꜣḥ, wꜣḥw5, wꜣḥy5 |
imperfective | wꜣḥ, wꜣḥy, wꜣḥw5 | active + .tj1, .tw2 | wꜣḥ, wꜣḥj6, wꜣḥy6 | wꜣḥ, wꜣḥw5 |
prospective | wꜣḥ, wꜣḥtj7 | — | wꜣḥtj4, wꜣḥt4 | |
|
Alternative forms
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of wꜣḥ
wꜣḥ | wꜣḥ | wꜣḥ | wꜣḥ | wꜣḥ | wꜣḥ | wꜣḥj | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
[chiefly Old Kingdom] | [chiefly Old Kingdom] | [chiefly Old Kingdom] | [20th Dynasty] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
in papyri |
Derived terms
- wꜣḥ jb
- wꜣḥ ꜥḫ
- wꜣḥ mw
- wꜣḥ-nsyt-mj-rꜥ-m-pt
- wꜣḥt
- swꜣḥ
- swꜣḥt
Descendants
- Demotic: wꜣḥ
- Coptic: ⲟⲩⲱϩ (ouōh) – Sahidic, Fayyumic, Akhmimic, ⲟⲩⲟϩ (ouoh) – Bohairic
References
- Faulkner, Raymond (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN
- Erman, Adolf; Grapow, Hermann (1926–1961) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN
- Černý, Jaroslav (1976) Coptic Etymological Dictionary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN
- James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 386.
- Hoch, James (1997) Middle Egyptian Grammar, Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN, page 162