wreck

wreck

English

Etymology

From Middle English wrek, from Anglo-Norman wrek, from Old Norse *wrek (Norwegian and Icelandic rek, Swedish vrak), from Proto-Germanic *wrekaną, whence also Old English wrecan (English wreak), Old High German rehhan, Old Saxon wrekan, Gothic 𐍅𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌽 (wrikan).

Pronunciation

• enPR: rĕk, IPA^(key): /ˈɹɛk/

  • Audio (US)

    (file)

  • Rhymes: -ɛk
• (obsolete, dialectal) enPR: răk, IPA^(key): /ˈɹæk/[1]

Noun

wreck (plural wrecks)

1. Something or someone that has been ruined.

   He was an emotional wreck after the death of his wife.

   Synonym: basket case, mess

2. The remains of something that has been severely damaged or worn down.
   • 1782, William Cowper, “Retirement”, in Poems, London: […] J[oseph] Johnson, […], OCLC 1029672464, page 277:

     To the fair haven of my native home, / The vvreck of vvhat I was, fatigued I come, […]

3. An event in which something is damaged through collision.
   • 1595, Edmunde Spenser [i.e., Edmund Spenser], “(please specify the sonnet number or title)”, in Amoretti and Epithalamion. […], London: […] [Peter Short] for William Ponsonby, OCLC 932931864; reprinted in Amoretti and Epithalamion (The Noel Douglas Replicas), London: Noel Douglas […], 1927, OCLC 474036557:

     Hard and obstinate / As is a rock amidst the raging floods, / 'Gainst which a ship, of succour desolate, / Doth suffer wreck, both of herself and goods.

   • 1712 (date written), [Joseph] Addison, Cato, a Tragedy. […], London: […] J[acob] Tonson, […], published 1713, OCLC 79426475, Act I, scene v, page 1:

     the wrecks of matter and the crush of worlds

   • 1883, John Richard Green, The Conquest of England

     Its intellectual life was thus able to go on amidst the wreck of its political life.

   1. (specifically, nautical) A shipwreck: an event in which a ship is heavily damaged or destroyed.
4. (law, not countable) Goods, etc. cast ashore by the sea after a shipwreck.
   • 1985, “Criminal Code (R.S.C., 1985, c. C-46)”, in Justice Canada‎, retrieved 9 September 2021:

     2. ... Wreck includes the cargo, stores and tackle of a vessel and all parts of a vessel separated from the vessel, and the property of persons who belong to, are on board or have quitted a vessel that is wrecked, stranded or in distress at any place in Canada.

5. (ornithology) A large number of birds that have been brought to the ground, injured or dead, by extremely adverse weather.
   • 1988, Michael Cady and Rob Hume, editors, The Complete Book of British Birds, page 89:

     [I]n 1952 more than 7,000 were involved in such a "wreck" in Britain and Ireland.

Synonyms

• crash
• ruins

Derived terms

• catch wreck
• shipwreck
• train wreck

Translations

ruined object or person

Bulgarian: руина (bg) (ruina), развалина (bg) f (razvalina) Catalan: ruïna (ca) f Chinese: Mandarin: 破坏 (zh) Dutch: wrak (nl) Finnish: raunio (fi), ihmisraunio French: épave (fr) f German: Wrack (de) n, Schrott (de) m, Schrotthaufen (de) m, Schrottkiste f Italian: relitto (it) m, rottame (it) m Japanese: 荒廃 (ja) (kōhai), 敗残 (haizan) Romanian: ruină (ro) f, epavă (ro) f Spanish: cacharro (es) m, trasto (es) m, guiñapo (es) m Swedish: vrak (sv) n Turkish: enkaz (tr)

remains

Bulgarian: останки (bg) f pl (ostanki), отломки (bg) f pl (otlomki) Chinese: Mandarin: 残骸 (zh) Czech: vrak (cs) m Finnish: romu (fi), raato (fi), jäännökset (fi), hylky (fi) French: carcasse (fr) f German: Wrack (de) n Hungarian: roncs (hu) Italian: carcassa (it) f, relitto (it) m, carretta (it) f, resti (it) m pl, rovine (it) f pl, colabrodo (it) m, rottame (it) m Japanese: 残骸 (ja) (zangai) Macedonian: оста́тоци m pl (ostátoci), о́станки f pl (óstanki), кр́нтија f (kŕntija) Norwegian: vrak n Polish: wrak (pl) m Portuguese: destroço (pt) m Romanian: dărâmătură (ro) f, ruină (ro) f Serbo-Croatian: òlupina (sh) f Swedish: vrak (sv) n

collision

Arabic: تَصَادُّم‎ m (taṣāddum) Bulgarian: ава́рия (bg) f (avárija) Chinese: Mandarin: 碰撞 (zh) (pèngzhuàng) Dutch: botsing (nl) f Finnish: törmäys (fi), yhteentörmäys, kolari (fi) French: accident (fr) m German: Zusammenstoß (de) m Hebrew: גרוטאה‎ (he) f Hungarian: karambol (hu) Italian: collisione (it) f, disastro (it) m Japanese: 衝突 (ja) (shōtotsu) Korean: 충돌 (ko) (chungdol) Macedonian: хава́рија f (havárija) Portuguese: choque (pt) m Romanian: accident (ro) n, avarie (ro) f, coliziune (ro) f Russian: ава́рия (ru) f (avárija) Spanish: choque (es) m, desastre (es) m, accidente (es) m, siniestro (es) m Swedish: sammanstötning (sv) c, krock (sv) c, krasch (sv) c Thai: please add this translation if you can

goods, etc. cast ashore by the sea after a shipwreck

Verb

wreck (third-person singular simple present wrecks, present participle wrecking, simple past and past participle wrecked)

1. (transitive) To destroy violently; to cause severe damage to something, to a point where it no longer works, or is useless.

   He wrecked the car in a collision.

   That adulterous hussy wrecked my marriage!

   • 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act I, scene ii]:

     Supposing that they saw the king's ship wrecked.

2. (transitive) To ruin or dilapidate.
3. (transitive, Australia) To dismantle wrecked vehicles or other objects, to reclaim any useful parts.
4. (transitive) To involve in a wreck; hence, to cause to suffer ruin; to balk of success, and bring disaster on.
   • 1595, Samuel Daniel, “(please specify the folio number)”, in The First Fowre Bookes of the Ciuile Wars between the Two Houses of Lancaster and Yorke, London: […] P[eter] Short for Simon Waterson, OCLC 28470143:

     Weak and envy'd, if they should conspire, / They wreck themselves, and he hath his Desire.

5. (intransitive) To be involved in a wreck; to be damaged or destroyed.
   • 2020, Marti Talbott, McShane's Bride (page 112)

     […] Mrs. Marleen Ketchum was not quite certain if the train wrecked or if the volcano blew its top. It took a moment before she was certain it had to be the passenger train.

Synonyms

• See also Thesaurus:destroy

Antonyms

• build
• construct
• make
• produce

Derived terms

• bewreck
• wrecker
• wreckage

Translations

to cause severe damage

Bulgarian: разбивам (bg) (razbivam) Chinese: Mandarin: 破坏 (zh) Dutch: beschadigen (nl), slopen (nl) Esperanto: detrui (eo), ruinigi Finnish: tuhota (fi), särkeä (fi), romuttaa (fi) French: bousiller (fr), ruiner (fr) Greek: καταστρέφω (el) (katastréfo) Ido: naufrajigar (io) Italian: distruggere (it) Japanese: 破壊する (ja) (hakai suru), 打ち壊す (buchikowasu), めちゃめちゃにする (mechamecha ni suru) Romanian: distruge (ro), avaria (ro) Spanish: arruinar (es), destruir (es) Swedish: fördärva (sv), krascha (sv)

to ruin

Azerbaijani: dağıtmaq (az) Bulgarian: руинирам (ruiniram), унищожавам (bg) (uništožavam) Catalan: arruinar Chinese: Mandarin: 毁掉 (zh) Dutch: ruïneren (nl),verwoesten (nl) Esperanto: detrui (eo) Finnish: tuhota (fi), särkeä (fi) French: ruiner (fr) Galician: arruinar (gl) Greek: καταστρέφω (el) (katastréfo) Hungarian: rombol (hu) Italian: rovinare (it) Japanese: 荒廃させる (ja) (kōhai saseru), 打ち壊す (buchikowasu), めちゃめちゃにする (mechamecha ni suru) Latin: perdō Portuguese: estragar (pt) Romanian: ruina (ro), părăgini (ro), dărăpăna (ro) Russian: разруша́ть (ru) impf (razrušátʹ), разру́шить (ru) pf (razrúšitʹ) Spanish: arruinar (es) Swedish: grusa (sv) Turkish: harap etmek (tr), viran etmek

to dismantle wrecked objects

Dutch: ontmantelen (nl) Finnish: romuttaa (fi) Italian: smantellare (it) Japanese: 解体する (ja) (kaitai suru), ばらす (ja) (barasu) Swedish: skrota (sv)

References

1. Krapp, George Philip (1925) The English Language in America‎, volume II, New York: Century Co. for the Modern Language Association of America, OCLC 2223337, page 92.

Further reading

• “wreck”, in Collins English Dictionary.
• “wreck”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary
• “wreck”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
• “wreck” in the Cambridge English Dictionary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.