welcome
See also: Welcome
English
Etymology
From Middle English welcome, wolcume, wulcume, wilcume, from Old English wilcuma (“a wished-for guest”; compare also wilcume (“welcome!”, interjection)), from Proto-West Germanic *willjakwemō, from Proto-Germanic *wiljakwemô (“a wished-for arrival or guest”), possibly from *wiljakwemaną (“to be welcome”), equivalent to will (“desire”) + come (“comer, arrival”). The component wil- was replaced by wel- when the sense “guest” of the second component was no longer understood, likely under influence from the adverb well. Cognate with Scots walcome, West Frisian wolkom, Dutch welkom (earlier willecome), German willkommen, German Low German willkamen, Danish velkommen, Norwegian Bokmål velkommen, Norwegian Nynorsk velkomen, velkommen, Swedish välkommen, Icelandic velkominn, Faroese vælkomin, and Old French wilecome (whence Middle French willecomme (“welcome”)), from Germanic.
The verb is from Middle English welcomen, wolcumen, wilcumen, from Old English wellcumian, wylcumian, wilcumian (“to welcome, receive gladly”).
Similar constructions are found in Romance languages, such as Italian benvenuto, Spanish bienvenido, French bienvenu, Catalan benvingut, Portuguese bem-vindo and Romanian bun venit, meaning “[may you have fared] well [in] coming [here]”. These do not derive from a Classical Latin root, as no similar construction in Latin is found to exist, but are instead presumed to be the result of a calque from, considering the ruling elite of the Germanic kingdoms which succeeded the Western Roman Empire, a Germanic language into Proto-Romance (Vulgar Latin; see Latin *bene venūtus, and compare perdōnō and compāniō for similar historical calques).
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation, General American, Canada) enPR: wĕlʹkəm, IPA(key): /ˈwɛlkəm/
Audio (UK) (file) Audio (US) (file) - Rhymes: -ɛlkəm
- Hyphenation: wel‧come
Adjective
welcome (comparative more welcome, superlative most welcome)
- Whose arrival is a cause of joy; received with gladness; admitted willingly to the house, entertainment, or company.
- a welcome visitor
- Refugees welcome to education!
- 1782, William Cowper, The Progress of Error
- When the glad soul is made Heaven's welcome guest.
- Producing gladness.
- a welcome present; welcome news
- 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter VII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, OCLC 4293071:
- “A very welcome, kind, useful present, that means to the parish. By the way, Hopkins, let this go no further. We don't want the tale running round that a rich person has arrived. Churchill, my dear fellow, we have such greedy sharks, and wolves in lamb's clothing. […] ”
- Free to have or enjoy gratuitously.
- You are welcome to the use of my library.
- 1915, G[eorge] A. Birmingham [pseudonym; James Owen Hannay], chapter I, in Gossamer, New York, N.Y.: George H. Doran Company, OCLC 5661828:
- As a political system democracy seems to me extraordinarily foolish, but I would not go out of my way to protest against it. My servant is, so far as I am concerned, welcome to as many votes as he can get. I would very gladly make mine over to him if I could.
Translations
whose arrival is a cause of joy
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free to have or enjoy gratuitously
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Interjection
welcome
- Greeting given upon someone's arrival.
- (nonstandard, especially Southern US) Ellipsis of you're welcome..
Usage notes
When used with reference to a place, “welcome” is always followed by “to”. The signs often seen in many non-English-speaking countries welcoming tourists with “in”, such as “Welcome in Heidelberg!”, sound unnatural to some English speakers and show interference from other languages, many of which use a cognate of “in” in this situation, and especially with a cognate of “welcome”.
Translations
greeting given upon someone's arrival
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked
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Noun
welcome (plural welcomes)
- The act of greeting someone’s arrival, especially by saying "Welcome!"; reception.
- The utterance of such a greeting.
- Kind reception of a guest or newcomer.
- We entered the house and found a ready welcome.
- 1692–1717, Robert South, Twelve Sermons Preached upon Several Occasions, volume (please specify |volume=I to VI), 6th edition, London: […] J[ames] Bettenham, for Jonah Bowyer, […], published 1727, OCLC 21766567:
- Truth finds an entrance and a welcome too.
- 1735, William Shenstone, Written at an inn at Henley
- the warmest welcome at an inn
- The state of being a welcome guest.
- 1992, Dana Stabenow, A Cold Day for Murder, →ISBN, page 42:
- The townspeople crossed freely from bank to bank, and it stayed that way until breakup in March or April or, in years when winter outstayed its welcome, maybe even May.
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Derived terms
- wear out one's welcome
Translations
act of greeting someone's arrival
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utterance of such a greeting
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked
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Verb
welcome (third-person singular simple present welcomes, present participle welcoming, simple past and past participle welcomed)
- To affirm or greet the arrival of someone, especially by saying "Welcome!".
- 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter V, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., OCLC 222716698:
- But Miss Thorn relieved the situation by laughing aloud, […] . By the time we reached the house we were thanking our stars she had come. Mrs. Cooke came out from under the port-cochere to welcome her.
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- To accept something willingly or gladly.
- We welcome suggestions for improvement.
- 2020 January 29, “Woman jailed for conning her friend into giving up her job for a dream post that never existed”, in CPS Mersey-Cheshire, London: Crown Prosecution Service, retrieved 2020-04-02:
- CPS MerseyCheshire welcomes the jailing of Helen Dove who conned her friend into giving up her job for a dream post that never existed. Kimberley McDonnell lost around £50,000 because of the fraudster.
- 2019, VOA Learning English (public domain)
- Chinese foreign ministry spokesman Lu Kang welcomed cooperation with South Korea.
Audio (US) (file)
- Chinese foreign ministry spokesman Lu Kang welcomed cooperation with South Korea.
Derived terms
Terms derived from the adjective, noun, or verb welcome
- bewelcome
- glass of welcome
- overstay one's welcome
- unwelcome
- unwelcomed
- unwelcoming
- unwelcomingly
- unwelcomingness
- wear out one's welcome
- welcome back
- welcome home
- welcome mat
- welcomer
- welcome swallow
- welcome to my world
- Welcome Wagon
- welcoming
- welcomingly
- welcomingness
- you're welcome
Translations
affirm or greet the arrival of someone
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to accept willingly
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See also
- welcome back
- welcome home
Middle English
Alternative forms
- welcume, wilcume
Etymology
From Old English wilcuma, equivalent to wille + come. Forms with /ɛ/ have been assimilated to wel.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈwilˌkum(ə)/, /ˈwulˌkum(ə)/, /ˈwɛlˌkum(ə)/
Adjective
welcome
- welcome
Descendants
- English: welcome
- Yola: welkome, welcome
References
- “welcǒm(e, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Yola
Adjective
welcome
- Alternative form of welkome
References
- Jacob Poole (1867), William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, page 77