waken
English
Etymology
From Middle English waknen, from Old English wæcnan, from Proto-Germanic *waknaną.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈweɪkən/
Audio (UK) (file)
- Rhymes: -eɪkən
Verb
waken (third-person singular simple present wakens, present participle wakening, simple past and past participle wakened)
- (transitive) To wake or rouse from sleep.
- (intransitive) To awaken; to cease to sleep; to be awakened; to stir.
- 1697, Virgil, “The Ninth Book of the Æneis”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], OCLC 403869432:
- Early, Turnus wakening with the light.
- 1914, Louis Joseph Vance, chapter II, in Nobody, New York, N.Y.: George H[enry] Doran Company, published 1915, OCLC 40817384:
- She wakened in sharp panic, bewildered by the grotesquerie of some half-remembered dream in contrast with the harshness of inclement fact, drowsily realising that since she had fallen asleep it had come on to rain smartly out of a shrouded sky.
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Related terms
- awaken
Anagrams
- Wanek, Wanke
Dutch
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈʋaːkə(n)/
- Rhymes: -aːkən
Audio (file)
Etymology 1
From Middle Dutch waken, from Old Dutch wacon, from Proto-Germanic *wakāną (“to be awake”).
Verb
waken
- (intransitive) to stay awake
- (intransitive) to watch, to be alert
Inflection
| Inflection of waken (weak) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | waken | |||
| past singular | waakte | |||
| past participle | gewaakt | |||
| infinitive | waken | |||
| gerund | waken n | |||
| present tense | past tense | |||
| 1st person singular | waak | waakte | ||
| 2nd person sing. (jij) | waakt | waakte | ||
| 2nd person sing. (u) | waakt | waakte | ||
| 2nd person sing. (gij) | waakt | waakte | ||
| 3rd person singular | waakt | waakte | ||
| plural | waken | waakten | ||
| subjunctive sing.1 | wake | waakte | ||
| subjunctive plur.1 | waken | waakten | ||
| imperative sing. | waak | |||
| imperative plur.1 | waakt | |||
| participles | wakend | gewaakt | ||
| 1) Archaic. | ||||
Derived terms
- bewaken
- ontwaken
- waakhond
- waakkat
- waakvlam
Related terms
- wake
- wakker
- wekken
Descendants
- Negerhollands: waek
- → Papiamentu: wak, waak
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun
waken
- Plural form of wake
Middle Dutch
Etymology
From Old Dutch wacon.
Verb
wāken
- (intransitive) to wake, to be awake
- (intransitive) to not be or fall asleep, to stay awake
- (intransitive) to awaken, to wake up
- (transitive) to guard
Inflection
| Weak | ||
|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | wāken | |
| 3rd sg. past | — | |
| 3rd pl. past | — | |
| Past participle | — | |
| Infinitive | wāken | |
| In genitive | wākens | |
| In dative | wākene | |
| Indicative | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | wāke | — |
| 2nd singular | wāecs, wākes | — |
| 3rd singular | wāect, wāket | — |
| 1st plural | wāken | — |
| 2nd plural | wāect, wāket | — |
| 3rd plural | wāken | — |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | wāke | — |
| 2nd singular | wāecs, wākes | — |
| 3rd singular | wāke | — |
| 1st plural | wāken | — |
| 2nd plural | wāect, wāket | — |
| 3rd plural | wāken | — |
| Imperative | Present | |
| Singular | wāec, wāke | |
| Plural | wāect, wāket | |
| Present | Past | |
| Participle | wākende | — |
Descendants
- Dutch: waken
- Limburgish: wake
Further reading
- “waken (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929), “waken (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page I
Middle English
Etymology 1
From Old English wacan, from Proto-Germanic *wakaną.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈwaːkən/
Verb
waken
- to wake, cease from sleep, to be awake
- to remain awake on watch (especially over a corpse)
Conjugation
Conjugation of waken (strong class 6)
| infinitive | (to) waken, wake | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | past tense | ||
| 1st-person singular | wake | wook | |
| 2nd-person singular | wakest | woke, wook | |
| 3rd-person singular | waketh | wook | |
| subjunctive singular | wake | woke1 | |
| imperative singular | — | ||
| plural2 | waken, wake | woken, woke | |
| imperative plural | waketh, wake | — | |
| participles | wakynge, wakende | waken, wake | |
1Replaced by the indicative in later Middle English.
2Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.
Related terms
- wake (“a watch, vigil”)
- wakien (“to watch, awake”)
- waknen (“to waken, to be aroused from sleep”)
Descendants
- English: wake
- Scots: wake
Etymology 2
From Old English wācian.
Verb
waken
- Alternative form of woken