vȱlda
See also: Volda
Livonian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *oldak.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /vɤːldɑ/
Verb
vȱlda
- (intransitive) to be
- Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz, Tartu, Rīga: TÜ, LVA
- laz ka vȯlkõ
- so be it
- vȯlkõ pǟl
- scratch that, let it be
- vȯlkõ mis vȯldsõ (~ vȯlkõ kui vȯldsõ)
- be whatever may be
- vȯlgid nei lõpsnā!
- be so kind [as to...]
- minnõn äb ūo sinstõ äb lemmõ, äb kilmõ
- I couldn't care less about you (lit. "to me it is neither warm nor cold from you")
- sa äd ūo mägūd tagān, sa ūod rovd barāsõ
- you are not living in wilderness (lit. "you are not over mountains,") you are among people
- laz ka vȯlkõ
- Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz, Tartu, Rīga: TÜ, LVA
Conjugation
Conjugation of vȱlda (10)
| singular (ikšlug) | plural (pǟgiņlug) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person (ežmi pärsōn) | 2nd person (tuoi pärsōn) | 3rd person (kuolmõz pärsōn) | 1st person (ežmi pärsōn) | 2nd person (tuoi pärsōn) | 3rd person (kuolmõz pärsōn) | ||
| indicative | ma | sa | ta | mēg | tēg | ne | |
| present (paldīņāiga) | um | ūod | um | ūom | ūotõ | at | |
| past (lǟndāiga) | vȯļ | vȯļd | vȯļ | vȯļmõ | vȯļtõ | vȯļtõ | |
| future perfect | līb vȯnd | līd vȯnd | līb vȯnd | līm(õ) vȯnnõd | līt(õ) vȯnnõd | lībõd vȯnnõd | |
| indicative negative | ma | sa | ta | mēg | tēg | ne | |
| present (paldīņāiga) | äb ūo | äd ūo | äb ūo | äb ūom | ät ūotõ | äb ūotõ | |
| past (lǟndāiga) | iz ūo | izt ūo | iz ūo | iz ūom | izt ūotõ | izt ūotõ | |
| future perfect | äb lī vȯnd | äd lī vȯnd | äb lī vȯnd | äb līm(õ) vȯnnõd | ät līt(õ) vȯnnõd | äb līt(õ) vȯnnõd | |
| imperative | — | (sa) | — | (mēg) | (tēg) | — | |
| —1 | vȯl! | —1 | (vȯlgõm!)2 | vȯlgid! | —1 | ||
| imperative negative | — | (sa) | — | (mēg) | (tēg) | — | |
| —3 | alā vȯl! | —3 | (algõm vȯlgõm!)2 | algid vȯlgid! | —3 | ||
| conditional | ma | sa | ta | mēg | tēg | ne | |
| vȯlks | vȯlkst | vȯlks | vȯlksmõ | vȯlkstõ | vȯlkstõ | ||
| conditional negative | ma | sa | ta | mēg | tēg | ne | |
| äb vȯlks | äd vȯlkst | äb vȯlks | äb vȯlksmõ | ät vȯlkstõ | äb vȯlkstõ | ||
| jussive | ma | sa | ta | mēg | tēg | ne | |
| vȯlkõ | vȯlkõ | vȯlkõ | vȯlkõd | vȯlkõd | vȯlkõd | ||
| jussive negative | ma | sa | ta | mēg | tēg | ne | |
| algõ vȯlkõ | algõ vȯlkõ | algõ vȯlkõ | algõd vȯlkõd | algõd vȯlkõd | algõd vȯlkõd | ||
| quotative | ma | sa | ta | mēg | tēg | ne | |
| vȯļļi | vȯļļi | vȯļļi | vȯļļid | vȯļļid | vȯļļid | ||
| debitive | minnõn | sinnõn | tämmõn | mäddõn | täddõn | näntõn | |
| um vȯlmõst | um vȯlmõst | um vȯlmõst | um vȯlmõst | um vȯlmõst | um vȯlmõst | ||
| infinitive | vȱlda | ||||||
| gerund | vȯldsõ | ||||||
| supine | vȯlmõ | ||||||
| supine abessive | vȯlmõt | ||||||
| active participle | vȯnd | ||||||
| passive participle | vȯldõd | ||||||
1imperative-like constructions possible with laz (“so that”) + jussive: laz ma/ta vȯlkõ, laz ne vȯlkõd
2rare, using indicative present more common, laz + jussive construction possible: laz mēg vȯlkõd