vīrs
Latvian
![](Images/wiktionary/Armand_with_husband_1895.jpg.webp)
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *wī́ˀras, from Proto-Indo-European *wiHrós “man” < “strong one”, from the stem *weyh₁- (“to go, move in a straight direction; to be strong”) (cf. Latin vīs (“strength”)). Cognates include Lithuanian výras, Old Prussian wijrs, wirs, Gothic 𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂 (wair), Old High German wer, Old Norse verr, Old Irish fer, Sanskrit वीर (vīrá), Avestan 𐬬𐬌𐬭𐬀 (vira), 𐬬𐬍𐬭𐬀 (vīra), Latin vir.[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [vīːɾs]
(file) |
Noun
vīrs m (1st declension)
- husband (a married man, in reference to his wife)
- vīrs un sieva ― husband and wife
- gādīgs vīrs ― a caring husband
- saticīgs vīrs ― a husband who is easy to live with
- dzērājs vīrs ― a drunkard husband
- vīra māsa ― husband's sister (= sister-in-law)
- vīra radi ― husband's relatives (= in-laws)
- ņemt vīru ― to take a husband
- iziet pie vīra ― to go to (= take) a husband
- tāds veikls un smuks puisis, un krietns... laimīga tā meita, kas viņu reiz dabūs par vīru ― such a neat and handsome guy, and honest... happy (is) the woman who will get him as a husband
- man (male human being)
- pusmūža vīrs ― a middle-aged man
- stalts vīrs ― a stately man
- omulīgs vīrs ― a cheerful, jovial man
- lāga vīrs ― a good man, a good fellow
- spēka vīrs ― a man of strength (= strong man)
- goda vīrs ― a man of honor (= honorable man)
- īsts vīrs ― a real man
- vīru koris, vīriešu koris ― male, men's choir
- (in combination with a word describing an occupation) a man who works, deals with something
- sardzes vīrs ― watch (lit. defense, protection) man
- darba vīrs ― workman, worker
- karavīrs ― soldier (lit. war-man)
- ugunsdzēsēju komandas vīri ― fire-brigade men (= firemen, firefighters)
Usage notes
The default term for “man” is vīrietis, which has restricted vīrs to the meaning of “husband,” but there are many expressions and situations in which vīrs can still be used to mean “man.”
Declension
singular (vienskaitlis) | plural (daudzskaitlis) | |
---|---|---|
nominative (nominatīvs) | vīrs | vīri |
accusative (akuzatīvs) | vīru | vīrus |
genitive (ģenitīvs) | vīra | vīru |
dative (datīvs) | vīram | vīriem |
instrumental (instrumentālis) | vīru | vīriem |
locative (lokatīvs) | vīrā | vīros |
vocative (vokatīvs) | vīrs | vīri |
Synonyms
- (of "husband"): dzīvesbiedrs
- (of "man"): vīrietis
Antonyms
- (of "husband"): sieva, dzīvesbiedre
- (of "man"): sieviete
Derived terms
- karavīrs
- meitasvīrs, meitas vīrs
- sniegavīrs, sniega vīrs
- ūdensvīrs
- vīrietis
References
- Karulis, Konstantīns (1992), “vīrs”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
Samogitian
![](Images/wiktionary/IMG_6551_My_nephew's_dreadlocks_-_Foto_Giovanni_Dall'Orto_March_2007.jpg.webp)
A young man
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *wiHrós. Other Baltic cognates include Lithuanian vyras, Old Prussian wijrs and Latvian vīrs.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ʋiːɾs]
Noun
vīrs m (plural vīrā)
- man
Declension
singular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | vīrs | vīro | vīrā |
genitive | vīra | vīru | vīru |
dative | vīrou | vīram | vīrams |
accusative | vīra | vīro | vīrus |
instrumental | vīro | vīrās | vīrās |
locative | vīrė | vīrūs | vīrūs |
vocative | vīrė | vīro | vīrā |
Antonyms
- muotrėška
Derived terms
- vīrėšks