vitamin

vitamin

See also: Vitamin, vitamín, vi ta min, and vítamín

English

Etymology

1920, originally vitamine (1912), from Latin vīta (“life”) (see vital) + amine (see amino acids). Vitamine coined by Polish biochemist Casimir Funk after the initial discovery of aberic acid (thiamine), when it was thought that all such nutrients would be amines.[1] The term had become ubiquitous by the time it was discovered that vitamin C, among others, had no amine component. In 1920, British biochemist Jack Drummond proposed that the final -e be dropped to deemphasize the amine reference. The ending -in was acceptable because it was used for natural substances of undefined composition. Drummond also introduced the lettering system of nomenclature (Vitamin A, B, C, etc.) at this same time.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /ˈvɪt.ə.mɪn/,[2][1][3] (less commonly, /ˈvaɪt.ə.mɪn/)
• (US) IPA^(key): /ˈvaɪ.tə.mɪn/, [ˈvʌɪ.ɾə.mɪn][2][1]

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• (General Australian) IPA^(key): /ˈvɑet.ə.mən/

Noun

vitamin (plural vitamins)

1. Any of a specific group of organic compounds essential in small quantities for healthy human growth, metabolism, development, and body function; found in minute amounts in plant and animal foods or sometimes produced synthetically; deficiencies of specific vitamins produce specific disorders.

   a food rich in vitamins

Hyponyms

• See also Thesaurus:vitamin

Derived terms

terms derived from "vitamin"

• vitamer
• vitaminic
• vitaminize

• vitamin A
  • vitamin A acid
• vitamin B
  • vitamin B complex, vitamin B_c, vitamin B₁, vitamin B₂, vitamin B₃, vitamin B₄, vitamin B₅, vitamin B₆, vitamin B₇, vitamin B₉, vitamin B₁₂, vitamin B₁₇
• vitamin C
• vitamin D
  • vitamin D₁, vitamin D₂, vitamin D₃, vitamin D₄, vitamin D₅
• vitamin E
• vitamin F (obsolete)
• vitamin G
• vitamin H
• vitamin J (obsolete)
• vitamin K
  • vitamin K₁, vitamin K₂
• vitamin M
• vitamin P
• vitamin R (slang)
• vitamin V (slang)

Translations

organic compound essential to human health

Albanian: vitaminë (sq) f Antillean Creole: vitamin f, vitaminn f Arabic: فِيتَامِين‎ m (fitamīn) Hijazi Arabic: ڤيتامين‎ m (vītāmīn), فيتامين‎ m (fītāmīn) Armenian: վիտամին (hy) (vitamin) Azerbaijani: vitamin (az) Belarusian: вітамі́н m (vitamín) Bengali: ভিটামিন (bhiṭamin) Bulgarian: витами́н m (vitamín) Burmese: ဗီတာမင် (my) (bitamang) Catalan: vitamina (ca) f Chinese: Cantonese: 維他命, 维他命 (wai4 taa1 ming6), 維生素, 维生素 (wai6 sang1 sou3) Hakka: 維他命, 维他命 (vî-tha-mín) Mandarin: 維生素／维生素 (zh) (wéishēngsù), 維他命／维他命 (zh) (wéitāmìng) Min Dong: 維生素, 维生素 (mì-sĕng-só), 維他命, 维他命 (mì-tă-mêng) Min Nan: 維生素 (zh-min-nan), 维生素 (ûi-seng-sò͘ / ûi-sng-sò͘ / î-sng-sò͘ / î-seng-sò͘), 維他命, 维他命 (ûi-tha-bēng), bi-tá-bín Wu: 維生素, 维生素 (vi sen su), 維他命, 维他命 (vi tha min) Czech: vitamín (cs) m Danish: vitamin n Dhivehi: ވިޓަމިން‎ (viṭamin̊) Dutch: vitamine (nl) c Estonian: vitamiin Faroese: vitamin f Finnish: vitamiini (fi) French: vitamine (fr) f Galician: vitamina (gl) f Georgian: ვიტამინი (viṭamini) German: Vitamin (de) n Greek: βιταμίνη (el) f (vitamíni) Gujarati: પ્રજીવક (prajīvak) Hebrew: וִיטָמִין‎ (he) m (vitamin) Hindi: विटामिन m (viṭāmin), जीवसत्त्व (jīvsattva) Hungarian: vitamin (hu) Icelandic: vítamín n, fjörefni n Indonesian: vitamin (id) Irish: vitimín m Italian: vitamina (it) f Japanese: ビタミン (ja) (bitamin) Kazakh: дәрумен (kk) (därumen) Khmer: ជីវជាតិ (km) (ciivĕəʼciət), វីតាមីន (km) (viitaamiin) Korean: 비타민 (ko) (bitamin) Kyrgyz: витамин (ky) (vitamin) Lao: ວິຕາມິນ (lo) (wi tā min), ຢາມີແຮງ (yā mī hǣng) Latvian: vitamīns m Lithuanian: vitaminas m Macedonian: витами́н m (vitamín) Malay: vitamin Malayalam: ജീവകം (ml) (jīvakaṃ) Maori: huaora Marathi: जीवसत्त्व (jīvsattva) Mongolian: витамин (mn) (vitamin), аминдэм (mn) (amindem) Nepali: भिटामिन (bhiṭāmin) Norwegian: Bokmål: vitamin (no) n Nynorsk: vitamin n Persian: ویتامین‎ (fa) (vitâmin) Plautdietsch: Wietemin f Polish: witamina (pl) f Portuguese: vitamina (pt) f Romanian: vitamină (ro) f Russian: витами́н (ru) m (vitamín) Sanskrit: जीवसत्त्व (jīvasattva) Serbo-Croatian: Cyrillic: витамин m Roman: vitamin m Sinhalese: විටමින් (wiṭamin) Slovak: vitamín m Slovene: vitamin (sl) m Spanish: vitamina (es) f Swahili: vitamini (sw) Swedish: vitamin (sv) c Tagalog: bitamina Tajik: витамин (vitamin) Thai: วิตามิน (th) (wí-dtaa-min), ไวตามิน (wai-dtaa-min) Turkish: vitamin (tr) Turkmen: witamin Ukrainian: вітамі́н m (vitamín) Urdu: وٹامن‎ m (viṭāmin) Uyghur: ۋىتامىن‎ (ug) (witamin) Uzbek: vitamin (uz) Vietnamese: sinh tố (vi), vi ta min (vi) Yakut: битэмиин (bitemiin) Yiddish: וויטאַמין‎ (vitamin)

(attributive use of the noun)

Galician: vitamínico Spanish: vitamínico

See also

• vitamer

References

1. “vitamin”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.
2. “vitamin”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary
3. Cambridge Dictionaries Online

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Danish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /vitamiːn/, [vitˢaˈmiːˀn]

Noun

vitamin n (singular definite vitaminet, plural indefinite vitaminer)

1. vitamin

Declension

Declension of vitamin

neuter gender	Singular		Plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	vitamin	vitaminet	vitaminer	vitaminerne
genitive	vitamins	vitaminets	vitaminers	vitaminernes

Related terms

• A-vitamin, B-vitamin, C-vitamin, D-vitamin, E-vitamin, K-vitamin
• multivitamin
• provitamin
• vitaminholdig
• vitaminisere

Further reading

• “vitamin” in Den Danske Ordbog
• vitamin on the Danish Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^da

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Hungarian

Etymology

From English vitamin.[1]

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈvitɒmin]
• Hyphenation: vi‧ta‧min
• Rhymes: -in

Noun

vitamin (plural vitaminok)

1. vitamin

Declension

Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	vitamin	vitaminok
accusative	vitamint	vitaminokat
dative	vitaminnak	vitaminoknak
instrumental	vitaminnal	vitaminokkal
causal-final	vitaminért	vitaminokért
translative	vitaminná	vitaminokká
terminative	vitaminig	vitaminokig
essive-formal	vitaminként	vitaminokként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	vitaminban	vitaminokban
superessive	vitaminon	vitaminokon
adessive	vitaminnál	vitaminoknál
illative	vitaminba	vitaminokba
sublative	vitaminra	vitaminokra
allative	vitaminhoz	vitaminokhoz
elative	vitaminból	vitaminokból
delative	vitaminról	vitaminokról
ablative	vitamintól	vitaminoktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	vitaminé	vitaminoké
non-attributive possessive - plural	vitaminéi	vitaminokéi

Possessive forms of vitamin
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	vitaminom	vitaminjaim
2nd person sing.	vitaminod	vitaminjaid
3rd person sing.	vitaminja	vitaminjai
1st person plural	vitaminunk	vitaminjaink
2nd person plural	vitaminotok	vitaminjaitok
3rd person plural	vitaminjuk	vitaminjaik

Derived terms

• vitaminos

Compound words

• A-vitamin
• B-vitamin
• C-vitamin
• D-vitamin
• vitamindús
• vitaminhiány
• vitaminszegény

 

References

1. Tótfalusi, István. Idegenszó-tár: Idegen szavak értelmező és etimológiai szótára (’A Storehouse of Foreign Words: an explanatory and etymological dictionary of foreign words’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2005. →ISBN

Further reading

• vitamin in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

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Indonesian

Etymology

From English vitamin, earlier vitamine, from Latin vīta (“life”) (see vital) + amine.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [viˈtamɪn]
• Hyphenation: vi‧ta‧min

Noun

vitamin (first-person possessive vitaminku, second-person possessive vitaminmu, third-person possessive vitaminnya)

1. vitamin: any of a specific group of organic compounds essential in small quantities for healthy human growth, metabolism, development, and body function; found in minute amounts in plant and animal foods or sometimes produced synthetically; deficiencies of specific vitamins produce specific disorders.

Further reading

• “vitamin” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.

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Japanese

Romanization

vitamin

1. Rōmaji transcription of ヸタミン

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Malay

Etymology

From English vitamin, earlier vitamine, from Latin vīta (“life”) (see vital) + amine.

Noun

vitamin (Jawi spelling ۏيتامين‎, plural vitamin-vitamin, informal 1st possessive vitaminku, 2nd possessive vitaminmu, 3rd possessive vitaminnya)

1. vitamin: any of a specific group of organic compounds essential in small quantities for healthy human growth, metabolism, development, and body function; found in minute amounts in plant and animal foods or sometimes produced synthetically; deficiencies of specific vitamins produce specific disorders.

Further reading

• “vitamin” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

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Norwegian Bokmål

Noun

vitamin n (definite singular vitaminet, indefinite plural vitamin or vitaminer, definite plural vitamina or vitaminene)

1. a vitamin

References

• “vitamin” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

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Norwegian Nynorsk

Noun

vitamin n (definite singular vitaminet, indefinite plural vitamin, definite plural vitamina)

1. a vitamin

References

• “vitamin” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.