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单词 vital
释义

vital

See also: Vital and vítal

English

Etymology

From Middle English vital, from Old French vital, from Latin vītālis (“of life, life-giving”), from vīta (“life”), from vīvō (“I live”).Doublet of jiva and quick.

Pronunciation

  • enPR: vī'təl, IPA(key): /ˈvaɪtəl/
  • Audio (US)(file)
  • Rhymes: -aɪtəl

Adjective

vital (comparative more vital, superlative most vital)

  1. Relating to, or characteristic of life.
    Synonym: lifely
    vital energies; vital functions; vital actions
  2. Necessary to the continuation of life; being the seat of life; being that on which life depends.
    The brain is a vital organ.
    • 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book II, Canto I”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, OCLC 960102938, stanza 12:
      And doen the heavens afford him vitall food?
    • 1925, Seba Eldridge, The Organization of Life (page 164)
      We have argued that organizatory agents are operative in all vital processes, processes that overstep the limits of the physicochemical; […]
    • 1913, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, The Poison Belt‎:
      Challenger breathed two or three times with enormous gulps, his lungs roaring as he drew in the vital gas.
  3. Invigorating or life-giving.
  4. Necessary to continued existence.
    The transition to farming was vital for the creation of civilisation.
  5. Relating to the recording of life events.
    Birth, marriage and death certificates are vital records.
  6. Very important.
    Synonyms: crucial, necessary, significant; see also Thesaurus:important
    It is vital that you don't forget to do your homework.
    • 2012 December 14, Simon Jenkins, “We mustn't overreact to North Korea boys' toys”, in The Guardian Weekly‎, volume 188, number 2, page 23:
      David Cameron insists that his latest communications data bill is “vital to counter terrorism”. Yet terror is mayhem. It is no threat to freedom. That threat is from counter-terror, from ministers capitulating to securocrats.
    • 2018, Clarence Green; James Lambert, “Advancing disciplinary literacy through English for academic purposes: Discipline-specific wordlists, collocations and word families for eight secondary subjects”, in Journal of English for Academic Purposes, volume 35, DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeap.2018.07.004, page 105:
      Vocabulary is a vital component of educational success in both first and second language contexts.
    • 2022 January 12, Benedict le Vay, “The heroes of Soham...”, in RAIL, number 948, page 43:
      Typically for the 'get-on-with-it' era, the railway and military worked like demons to restore the vital rail link. The crater was rapidly filled in and the earth tamped solid, the wreckage was removed by breakdown trains, new rails and sleepers were rushed forward by willing hands, and US Army bulldozers piled in. By 2020 on the same day, both tracks were open for traffic again where there had been a gaping pit just hours before.
  7. Containing life; living.
    Synonyms: extant, live, kicking; see also Thesaurus:alive
    • 1667, John Milton, “Book VI”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], OCLC 228722708; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, OCLC 230729554:
      spirits that live throughout, vital in every part
    • 1841, Ralph Waldo Emerson, “Self-Reliance”, in Essays: First Series:
      I ought to go upright and vital, and speak the rude truth in all ways.
    • 1715–1720, Homer; [Alexander] Pope, transl., “Book V”, in The Iliad of Homer, volume (please specify |volume=I to VI), London: […] W[illiam] Bowyer, for Bernard Lintott […], OCLC 670734254:
      The dart […] pierced a vital part.
  8. Capable of living; in a state to live; viable.
    • 1650, Thomas Browne, Pseudodoxia Epidemica: […], 2nd edition, London: […] A[braham] Miller, for Edw[ard] Dod and Nath[aniel] Ekins, […], OCLC 152706203:
      Pythagoras and Hippocrates […] affirming the birth of the seventh month to be vital.

Antonyms

  • mortal

Derived terms

  • vital force
  • vital organ
  • vital signs
  • vital statistics
  • devive
  • revive
  • survive
  • viable
  • vitality
  • vitals
  • vivid

Translations

containing life — see living

Further reading

  • vital in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913
  • vital in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911
  • “vital”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.

Catalan

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin vitalis.

Pronunciation

  • (Balearic, Valencian) IPA(key): /viˈtal/
  • (Central) IPA(key): /biˈtal/

Adjective

vital (masculine and feminine plural vitals)

  1. vital
  • vida
  • vitalitat

French

Etymology

From Old French vital, from Latin vītālis (“of life, life-giving”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /vi.tal/
  • Audio(file)
  • Homophones: vitale, vitales

Adjective

vital (feminine vitale, masculine plural vitaux, feminine plural vitales)

  1. vital

Derived terms

  • nœud vital
  • pronostic vital
  • vitalité
  • vie

Further reading

  • “vital”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Galician

Etymology

From Latin vītālis (“of life, life-giving”).

Adjective

vital m or f (plural vitais)

  1. vital (relating to, or characteristic of life)
  2. vital, important, necessary
  • vida
  • vitalidade

German

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin vītālis.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /viˈtaːl/
  • Audio(file)
  • Rhymes: -aːl

Adjective

vital (strong nominative masculine singular vitaler, comparative vitaler, superlative am vitalsten)

  1. lively; hale; vigorous
    Synonyms: lebhaft, markig, rüstig, voller Leben
  2. (rather rare, formal) vital (necessary to, or characteristic of life)
    Synonyms: lebenswichtig, Lebens-

Declension

Positive forms of vital
number & gendersingularplural
masculinefeminineneuterall genders
predicativeer ist vitalsie ist vitales ist vitalsie sind vital
strong declension
(without article)		nominativevitalervitalevitalesvitale
genitivevitalenvitalervitalenvitaler
dativevitalemvitalervitalemvitalen
accusativevitalenvitalevitalesvitale
weak declension
(with definite article)		nominativeder vitaledie vitaledas vitaledie vitalen
genitivedes vitalender vitalendes vitalender vitalen
dativedem vitalender vitalendem vitalenden vitalen
accusativeden vitalendie vitaledas vitaledie vitalen
mixed declension
(with indefinite article)		nominativeein vitalereine vitaleein vitales(keine) vitalen
genitiveeines vitaleneiner vitaleneines vitalen(keiner) vitalen
dativeeinem vitaleneiner vitaleneinem vitalen(keinen) vitalen
accusativeeinen vitaleneine vitaleein vitales(keine) vitalen
Comparative forms of vital
number & gendersingularplural
masculinefeminineneuterall genders
predicativeer ist vitalersie ist vitaleres ist vitalersie sind vitaler
strong declension
(without article)		nominativevitalerervitalerevitaleresvitalere
genitivevitalerenvitalerervitalerenvitalerer
dativevitaleremvitalerervitaleremvitaleren
accusativevitalerenvitalerevitaleresvitalere
weak declension
(with definite article)		nominativeder vitaleredie vitaleredas vitaleredie vitaleren
genitivedes vitalerender vitalerendes vitalerender vitaleren
dativedem vitalerender vitalerendem vitalerenden vitaleren
accusativeden vitalerendie vitaleredas vitaleredie vitaleren
mixed declension
(with indefinite article)		nominativeein vitalerereine vitalereein vitaleres(keine) vitaleren
genitiveeines vitalereneiner vitalereneines vitaleren(keiner) vitaleren
dativeeinem vitalereneiner vitalereneinem vitaleren(keinen) vitaleren
accusativeeinen vitalereneine vitalereein vitaleres(keine) vitaleren
Superlative forms of vital
number & gendersingularplural
masculinefeminineneuterall genders
predicativeer ist am vitalstensie ist am vitalstenes ist am vitalstensie sind am vitalsten
strong declension
(without article)		nominativevitalstervitalstevitalstesvitalste
genitivevitalstenvitalstervitalstenvitalster
dativevitalstemvitalstervitalstemvitalsten
accusativevitalstenvitalstevitalstesvitalste
weak declension
(with definite article)		nominativeder vitalstedie vitalstedas vitalstedie vitalsten
genitivedes vitalstender vitalstendes vitalstender vitalsten
dativedem vitalstender vitalstendem vitalstenden vitalsten
accusativeden vitalstendie vitalstedas vitalstedie vitalsten
mixed declension
(with indefinite article)		nominativeein vitalstereine vitalsteein vitalstes(keine) vitalsten
genitiveeines vitalsteneiner vitalsteneines vitalsten(keiner) vitalsten
dativeeinem vitalsteneiner vitalsteneinem vitalsten(keinen) vitalsten
accusativeeinen vitalsteneine vitalsteein vitalstes(keine) vitalsten

Indonesian

Etymology

From Dutch vitaal, from Middle French vital, from Latin vītālis.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈvital]
  • Rhymes: -tal, -al, -l
  • Hyphenation: vi‧tal

Adjective

vital

  1. vital:
    1. very important.
    2. (medicine) necessary to the continuation of life; being the seat of life; being that on which life depends.

Derived terms

  • memvitalkan
  • alat vital
  • vitalitas

Further reading

  • “vital” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.

Interlingua

Adjective

vital (not comparable)

  1. vital
  • vita

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin vitalis.

Adjective

vital (neuter singular vitalt, definite singular and plural vitale)

  1. vital

References

  • “vital” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin vitalis.

Adjective

vital (neuter singular vitalt, definite singular and plural vitale)

  1. vital

References

  • “vital” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Portuguese

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin vītālis.

Pronunciation

  • (Brazil) IPA(key): /viˈtaw/ [viˈtaʊ̯]
  • (Portugal) IPA(key): /viˈtal/ [viˈtaɫ]

  • Rhymes: (Portugal) -al, (Brazil) -aw
  • Hyphenation: vi‧tal

Adjective

vital m or f (plural vitais)

  1. vital (relating to, or characteristic of life)
  2. vital (necessary to the continuation of life)
  3. vital (very important)
    Synonyms: crucial, fundamental, essencial
  • vida
  • vitalidade
  • vitalmente

Romanian

Etymology

From French vital, from Latin vitalis.

Adjective

vital m or n (feminine singular vitală, masculine plural vitali, feminine and neuter plural vitale)

  1. vital

Declension
Declension of vital
singular plural
masculine neuter feminine masculine neuter feminine
nominative/
accusative 		indefinite vital vitală vitali vitale
definite vitalul vitala vitalii vitalele
genitive/
dative 		indefinite vital vitale vitali vitale
definite vitalului vitalei vitalilor vitalelor
  • vitalitate

Spanish

Etymology

From Latin vitalis.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /biˈtal/ [biˈt̪al]
  • Audio (Colombia)(file)
  • Rhymes: -al
  • Syllabification: vi‧tal

Adjective

vital (plural vitales)

  1. vital

Derived terms

  • ciclo vital
  • constantes vitales
  • signos vitales
  • soporte vital
  • testimonio vital
  • vitalmente
  • vitalidad
  • vida

See also

  • vivo

Further reading

  • “vital”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
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