vilu
See also: vīļu and vílu
Estonian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *vilu.
Noun
vilu (genitive [please provide], partitive [please provide])
- cool weather
Finnish
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *vilu.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈʋilu/, [ˈʋilu]
- Rhymes: -ilu
- Syllabification(key): vi‧lu
Noun
vilu
- cold (sensation; feeling cold)
- Synonyms: kylmä, vilpo
Declension
Inflection of vilu (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | vilu | vilut | |
genitive | vilun | vilujen | |
partitive | vilua | viluja | |
illative | viluun | viluihin | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | vilu | vilut | |
accusative | nom. | vilu | vilut |
gen. | vilun | ||
genitive | vilun | vilujen | |
partitive | vilua | viluja | |
inessive | vilussa | viluissa | |
elative | vilusta | viluista | |
illative | viluun | viluihin | |
adessive | vilulla | viluilla | |
ablative | vilulta | viluilta | |
allative | vilulle | viluille | |
essive | viluna | viluina | |
translative | viluksi | viluiksi | |
instructive | — | viluin | |
abessive | vilutta | viluitta | |
comitative | — | viluineen |
Possessive forms of vilu (type valo) | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | singular | plural |
1st person | viluni | vilumme |
2nd person | vilusi | vilunne |
3rd person | vilunsa |
Derived terms
Derived terms
- vileä – adj
- viluinen – adj
- vilukko – noun
- vilunarka – adj
- vilunpuistatus – noun
- vilunväre – noun
- vilunväristys – noun
- vilustaa – verb
- vilustua – verb
- vilustuminen – noun
- vilustumistauti – noun
- vilustus – noun
- vilustuttaa – verb
- vilutautinen – adj
- vilutauti – noun
- viluttaa – verb
- vilutus – noun
Anagrams
- livu
Karelian
North Karelian (Viena) | vilu |
---|---|
South Karelian (Tver) | vilu |
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *vilu. Cognates include Finnish vilu and Estonian vilu.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈʋilu/
- Hyphenation: vi‧lu
Noun
vilu (genitive vilun, partitive viluo)
- cold, coldness
Adjective
vilu (genitive vilun, partitive viluo)
- cold, cool
- hardhearted, callous
Declension
Viena Karelian declension of vilu (type 1/tyttö, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | ||
nominative | vilu | vilut | |
genitive | vilun | vilujen | |
partitive | viluo | viluja | |
illative | viluh | viluloih | |
inessive | vilušša | viluloissa | |
elative | vilušta | viluloista | |
adessive | vilulla | viluloilla | |
ablative | vilulta | viluloilta | |
translative | vilukši | viluloiksi | |
essive | viluna | viluloina | |
comitative | — | viluloineh | |
comitative | vilutta | viluloitta |
Tver Karelian declension of vilu (type 1/tyttö no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | ||
nominative | vilu | vilut | |
genitive | vilun | viluloin | |
partitive | viluo | viluloida | |
illative | viluh | viluloih | |
inessive | vilušša | viluloissa | |
elative | vilušta | viluloista | |
adessive | vilulla | viluloilla | |
ablative | vilulda | viluloilda | |
translative | vilukši | viluloiksi | |
essive | viluna | viluloina | |
comitative | vilunke | viluloinke | |
comitative | vilutta | viluloitta |
Possessive forms of vilu | ||
---|---|---|
1st person | viluni | |
2nd person | viluš | |
3rd person | viluh | |
*) Possessive forms are very rare for adjectives and only used in substantivised clauses. |
References
- A. V. Punzhina (1994), “vilu”, in Словарь карельского языка (тверские говоры) [Dictionary of the Karelian language (Tver dialects)], →ISBN
- P. M. Zaykov et al. (2015), “холод”, in Venäjä-Viena Šanakirja [Russian-Viena Karelian Dictionary], →ISBN
Livvi
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *vilu. Cognates include Finnish vilu and Estonian vilu.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈʋilu/
- Hyphenation: vi‧lu
- Rhymes: -ilu
Noun
vilu (genitive vilun, partitive viluu)
- cold, coldness
Adjective
vilu (genitive vilun, partitive viluu)
- cold, cool
- hardhearted, callous
Declension
Declension of vilu (Type 11/lindu, no gradation) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | vilu | vilut |
genitive | vilun | viluloin |
partitive | viluu | viluloi |
illative | viluh | viluloih |
inessive | vilus | vilulois |
elative | viluspäi | viluloispäi |
allative | vilule | viluloile |
adessive | vilul | viluloil |
ablative | vilulpäi | viluloilpäi |
translative | vilukse | viluloikse |
essive | vilunnu | viluloinnu |
abessive | viluttah | viluloittah |
comitative | vilunke | viluloinke |
instructive | viluloin | |
prolative | viluči |
References
- Olga Žarinova (2012) Pagizemmo Karjalakse [Let's speak Karelian], St Petersburg, →ISBN, page 11
- Tatjana Boiko (2019), “vilu”, in Suuri Karjal-Venʹalaine Sanakniigu (livvin murreh) [The Big Karelian-Russian dictionary (Livvi dialect)], 2nd edition, →ISBN
Ludian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *vilu.
Adjective
vilu
- cold
Noun
vilu
- cold (sensation)
Sinicahua Mixtec
Etymology
From Proto-Mixtec *wiluʔ.
Noun
vilu
- cat
References
- Tutu ja ndee tnuꞌu suꞌva ja ka kaꞌan ndaka ñayivi ñuu Xini Kava = Pequeño diccionario ilustrado en el mixteco de San Antonio Sinicahua (in Mixtec and Spanish), preliminary edition, 2010, page 8
Veps
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *vilu.
Adjective
vilu
- cold
Inflection
Inflection of vilu (inflection type 1/ilo) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative sing. | vilu | ||
genitive sing. | vilun | ||
partitive sing. | vilud | ||
partitive plur. | viluid | ||
singular | plural | ||
nominative | vilu | vilud | |
accusative | vilun | vilud | |
genitive | vilun | viluiden | |
partitive | vilud | viluid | |
essive-instructive | vilun | viluin | |
translative | viluks | viluikš | |
inessive | vilus | viluiš | |
elative | viluspäi | viluišpäi | |
illative | vilhu viluhu | viluihe | |
adessive | vilul | viluil | |
ablative | vilulpäi | viluilpäi | |
allative | vilule | viluile | |
abessive | viluta | viluita | |
comitative | vilunke | viluidenke | |
prolative | viludme | viluidme | |
approximative I | vilunno | viluidenno | |
approximative II | vilunnoks | viluidennoks | |
egressive | vilunnopäi | viluidennopäi | |
terminative I | vilhusai viluhusai | viluihesai | |
terminative II | vilulesai | viluilesai | |
terminative III | vilussai | — | |
additive I | vilhupäi viluhupäi | viluihepäi | |
additive II | vilulepäi | viluilepäi |
Noun
vilu
- coldness, cold
Inflection
Inflection of vilu (inflection type 1/ilo) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative sing. | vilu | ||
genitive sing. | vilun | ||
partitive sing. | vilud | ||
partitive plur. | viluid | ||
singular | plural | ||
nominative | vilu | vilud | |
accusative | vilun | vilud | |
genitive | vilun | viluiden | |
partitive | vilud | viluid | |
essive-instructive | vilun | viluin | |
translative | viluks | viluikš | |
inessive | vilus | viluiš | |
elative | viluspäi | viluišpäi | |
illative | vilhu viluhu | viluihe | |
adessive | vilul | viluil | |
ablative | vilulpäi | viluilpäi | |
allative | vilule | viluile | |
abessive | viluta | viluita | |
comitative | vilunke | viluidenke | |
prolative | viludme | viluidme | |
approximative I | vilunno | viluidenno | |
approximative II | vilunnoks | viluidennoks | |
egressive | vilunnopäi | viluidennopäi | |
terminative I | vilhusai viluhusai | viluihesai | |
terminative II | vilulesai | viluilesai | |
terminative III | vilussai | — | |
additive I | vilhupäi viluhupäi | viluihepäi | |
additive II | vilulepäi | viluilepäi |
Derived terms
- viluhein
- viluku
- vilulind
- viluntirpai
References
- Zajceva, N. G.; Mullonen, M. I. (2007), “свежесть, холод, холодный”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary], Petrozavodsk: Periodika
Votic
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *vilu.
Pronunciation
- (Luuditsa, Liivtšülä) IPA(key): /ˈvilu/, [ˈviɫu]
- Rhymes: -ilu
- Hyphenation: vi‧lu
Adjective
vilu
- cold, chilly, freezing cold
Noun
vilu
- cold weather, chilly weather
Inflection
Declension of vilu (type II/võrkko, no gradation) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | vilu | vilud |
genitive | vilu | viluje, vilujõ, vilui |
partitive | villua | viluitõ, vilui |
illative | villu, villusõ | viluje, vilujõ, viluisõ |
inessive | viluz | viluiz |
elative | vilussõ | viluissõ |
allative | vilulõ | viluilõ |
adessive | vilullõ | viluillõ |
ablative | vilultõ | viluiltõ |
translative | vilussi | viluissi |
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative or the genitive. ***) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive. |
References
- V. Hallap, E. Adler, S. Grünberg, M. Leppik (2012), “vilu”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2 edition, Tallinn
Yosondúa Mixtec
Etymology
From Proto-Mixtec *wiluʔ.
Noun
vilu
- cat
References
- Beaty de Farris, Kathryn; et al. (2012) Diccionario básico del mixteco de Yosondúa, Oaxaca (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 46) (in Spanish), third edition, Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., page 85