vilciens
Latvian
Etymology
From vilk(t) (“to pull”) + -iens (with k > c palatalization) by analogy with German ziehen (“to pull”), Zug (“train”). The sense “train” originated at the end of the 19th century and became frequent in the 20th century, replacing a previous borrowing bānis, from German Bahn (“way”), Eisenbahn (“railway”).[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [vìlciens]
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Noun
Vilciens (2)
vilciens m (1st declension)
- one-off event of dragging, pulling, drawing, or its result
- otas, zīmuļa, spalvas vilciens ― a stroke of a brush, pencil, pen
- gleznotājs glezno plašiem vilcieniem ― the painter paints with broad strokes
- rokraksta vilciens ― a handwritten stroke (e.g., part of a letter)
- elpas vilciens ― one breath (lit. breath stroke)
- dzert gariem vilcieniem ― to drink in long gulps
- train (line of connected railroad cars pulled by a locomotive)
- braukt ar vilcienu ― to travel by train
- tālsatiksmes vilciens ― long-distance train
- piepilsētas vilciens ― commuter train
- elektriskais vilciens ― electric train
- pasta, preču, vilciens ― post, goods train
- smagsvara vilciens ― heavy freight train
- pasažieru, tūristu vilciens ― passenger, tourist train
- vilcienu saraksts ― train timetable
- vilciena kupeja ― train compartment
- vilciena pavadonis ― train attendant
- nokavēt vilcienu ― to miss the train
- a characteristic feature
- iezīmīgs vilciens rakstnieka prozā ― a typical feature in the writer's prose
- mīlestība uz kokiem ir viens no dziļākiem vilcieniem Blaumaņa dvēselē ― love of trees is one of the deepest features in Blaumanis' soul
Declension
Declension of vilciens (1st declension)
| singular (vienskaitlis) | plural (daudzskaitlis) | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative (nominatīvs) | vilciens | vilcieni |
| accusative (akuzatīvs) | vilcienu | vilcienus |
| genitive (ģenitīvs) | vilciena | vilcienu |
| dative (datīvs) | vilcienam | vilcieniem |
| instrumental (instrumentālis) | vilcienu | vilcieniem |
| locative (lokatīvs) | vilcienā | vilcienos |
| vocative (vokatīvs) | vilcien | vilcieni |
Derived terms
- bruņuvilciens, bruņu vilciens
References
- Karulis, Konstantīns (1992), “vilciens”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN