vil
See also: vi-l and víl
Cimbrian
Alternative forms
- viil, biil (Sette Comuni)
Etymology
From Middle High German vil, from Old High German filu, from Proto-Germanic *felu. Cognate with German viel, Dutch veel, English fele, Icelandic fjöl-.
Adjective
vil
- (Luserna) much, many
Derived terms
- biavl
References
- Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Luserna / Lusérn: Le nostre parole / Ünsarne börtar / Unsere Wörter [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle isole linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien
Czech
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈvɪl]
Noun
vil f
- genitive plural of vila
Verb
vil
- masculine singular past participle of vít
Danish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /vil/, [ve(l)]
- Rhymes: -e
Verb
vil
- present of ville
- imperative of ville
Faroese
Verb
vil
- 1st and 3rd person singular present of vilja
- I will, wish, persist, intend to
- he, she, it wills, wishes, persists, intends to
Conjugation
| Conjugation of vilja (irregular) | ||
|---|---|---|
| infinitive | vilja | |
| supine | vilað | |
| participle | — | — |
| present | past | |
| first singular | vil | vildi |
| second singular | vilt | vildi |
| third singular | vil | vildi |
| plural | vilja | vildu |
| imperative | ||
| singular | — | |
| plural | — | |
French
Etymology
From Latin vīlis.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /vil/
Adjective
vil (feminine vile, masculine plural vils, feminine plural viles)
- cheap, worthless
- vile (morally low)
- 1992, Nothomb, Amélie, Hygiène de l’assassin [The Assassin’s Hygiene] (fiction):
- Cessez de blasphémer, vile créature ! Apprenez, ignorante, que saint Prétextat était archevêque de Rouen au VIe siècle, et grand ami de Grégoire de Tours, qui était un homme très bien, dont vous n’avez naturellement jamais entendu parler.
- Stop blaspheming, you vile creature! You’d better learn, ignorant woman, that Saint Praetextatus was Archbishop of Rouen in the 6th century, and a friend of Gregory of Tours, who was a very good man, which you, unsurprisingly, never heard of.
-
Further reading
- “vil”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Haitian Creole
Etymology
From French ville.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /vil/
Noun
vil
- city
- 2019 March 19, “Rankont ann Itali ant Anvwaye Espesyal Etazini ak Larisi sou Kriz Venezuela a”, in Lavwadlamerik:
- Anvwaye espesyal Etazini pou Venezuela, Elliot Abrams, ak vis-minis afè etranjè Larisi, Sergei Ryabkov, ap fè reyinyon nan vil Wòm ann Itali pou yo pale sou “sityasyon Venezuela kap agrave.”
- American Special Envoy for Venezuela Elliot Abrams and Russian Vice Minister of Foreign Affairs Sergei Ryabkov are having a meeting in the city of Rome, Italy to speak about "the worsening situation in Venezuela."
-
Livonian
Alternative forms
- (Courland) vi'l
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *vilu.
Adjective
vil
- cool
Norwegian Bokmål
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʋɪl/
- Homophone: vill
- Rhymes: -ɪl
Verb
vil
- present of ville
Norwegian Nynorsk
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʋɪl/
- Homophone: vill
Verb
vil
- present tense of vilja
Old French
Etymology
From Latin vilis.
Noun
vil m (oblique and nominative feminine singular vil or vile)
- horrible; vile; awful
- low; base
Derived terms
- vilment
Descendants
- → English: vile
Old Norse
Verb
vil
- first-person singular present active indicative of vilja
Portuguese
Etymology
From Old Portuguese vil, from Latin vīlis (“cheap; vile”).
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈviw/ [ˈviʊ̯]
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /ˈvil/ [ˈviɫ]
- Homophone: viu (Brazil)
- Rhymes: (Portugal) -il, (Brazil) -iw
- Hyphenation: vil
Adjective
vil m or f (plural vis)
- mean; vile (morally low)
- Synonyms: abjeto, baixo, desprezível, indigno, maldoso, malvado, mau, sórdido
- Antonyms: bom, digno, nobre
- cheap; worthless
- Synonyms: acessível, barato, reles
- Antonyms: caro, custoso
Derived terms
- vilmente
Further reading
- “vil” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.
Romanian
Etymology
From French vil.
Adjective
vil m or n (feminine singular vilă, masculine plural vili, feminine and neuter plural vile)
- cheap, worthless
- vile
Declension
Declension of vil
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | neuter | feminine | masculine | neuter | feminine | ||
| nominative/ accusative | indefinite | vil | vilă | vili | vile | ||
| definite | vilul | vila | vilii | vilele | |||
| genitive/ dative | indefinite | vil | vile | vili | vile | ||
| definite | vilului | vilei | vililor | vilelor | |||
Spanish
Etymology
From Latin vīlis (“cheap; vile”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈbil/ [ˈbil]
- Rhymes: -il
- Syllabification: vil
Adjective
vil (plural viles)
- mean, despicable, vile
Derived terms
- vilmente
Related terms
- villano
- villanía
Further reading
- “vil”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Tzotzil
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /vil/
Verb
vil
- (intransitive) to fly
References
- Laughlin, Robert M. (1975) The Great Tzotzil Dictionary of San Lorenzo Zinacantán. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press.