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单词 Vietnam
释义

Vietnam

See also: vietnam, Víetnam, Viëtnam, Viet Nam, Viêt Nam, and Việt Nam
National flag of Vietnam

English

Alternative forms

  • Viet-Nam, Viet Nam

Etymology

Borrowed from Vietnamese Việt Nam. Sino-Vietnamese word from 越南, composed of (Yue) and (south). 越 (pronounced ɢʷaːd in Old Chinese)contains a symbol for "battleaxe", and the word also has meanings like to transgress, to rob thus "southern barbarians". Extended senses come from the Vietnam War.

Pronunciation

  • (UK) IPA(key): /(ˈ)vjɛtˈnɑːm/, /(ˈ)vjɛtˈnæm/, /(ˈ)viːətˈnɑːm/, /(ˈ)viːətˈnæm/
    • (Cockney) IPA(key): /ˌvjɛʔˈnɑːm/
  • (US) IPA(key): /(ˈ)vjɛtˈnɑm/, /(ˈ)vjɛtˈnæm/, /ˌvi.ətˈnɑm/, /ˌvi.ətˈnæm/
  • (file)
  • (US, rare, perhaps modeled on piece etc, or the South Vietnamese pronunciation) IPA(key): /(ˈ)vitˈnɑm/, /(ˈ)vitˈnæm/
  • Rhymes: -ɑːm, -æm

Proper noun

Vietnam

  1. A country in Southeast Asia, on the east coast of the Indochina Peninsula, officially named Socialist Republic of Vietnam.
    Synonyms: (official name) Socialist Republic of Vietnam, (informal) Nam
  2. (chiefly US, colloquial) The Vietnam War.
    Synonym: (informal) Nam

Derived terms

  • Vietnam syndrome
  • Vietnam War
  • Vietnamese
  • Vietnamization
  • Vietnamize

Translations

Noun

Vietnam (plural Vietnams)

  1. A long and protracted war or conflict in which the dominating foreign occupier is unable to secure a victory.
    another Vietnam
    the Soviet Union's Vietnam (the 1979–89 occupation of Afghanistan)
    France's Vietnam (the Algerian War or First Indochina War)
  2. (US, slang) A place that is very dangerous, especially if afflicted by violence.
    • 1992, “187um (Deep Cover Remix)”, in Deep Cover, performed by Dr. Dre and Snoop Doggy Dogg:
      Welcome back to Vietnam, California.
    • 1992, “Rat-Tat-Tat-Tat”, in The Chronic, Death Row Records, performed by Dr. Dre:
      Vietnam, California, back in and on a mission.
  3. (US, slang, by extension) A situation in which one cannot win.
    • 1989, Michael Goodwin and Naomi Wise, On the Edge: The Life and Times of Francis Coppola, p. 195:
      Everyone was miserable, including Coppola. "It was my Vietnam," he moaned a few months later.
    • 2011, “Judy is your Viet Nam”, performed by They Might Be Giants:
      Judy is the great deceiver / Judy is your Viet Nam

See also

  • Countries of the world
  • (countries of Asia) country of Asia; Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei, Burma, Cambodia, China, Cyprus, Georgia, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lebanon, Malaysia, Maldives, Mongolia, Nepal, North Korea, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine, Philippines, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Korea, Sri Lanka, Syria, Taiwan, Tajikistan, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Turkey, Turkmenistan, United Arab Emirates, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, Yemen
  • Srebrenica, Chernobyl

Asturian

Etymology

From Vietnamese Việt Nam.

Proper noun

Vietnam m

  1. Vietnam
  • vietnamita

Catalan

Etymology

From Vietnamese Việt Nam.

Pronunciation

  • (Balearic) IPA(key): /vi.ənˈnam/
  • (Central) IPA(key): /bi.ənˈnam/
  • (Valencian) IPA(key): /vi.enˈnam/
  • (file)

Proper noun

Vietnam m

  1. Vietnam (a country in Asia)
  • vietnamita

Central Huasteca Nahuatl

Etymology

From Vietnamese Việt Nam.

Proper noun

Vietnam

  1. Vietnam (a country in Asia)

Central Nahuatl

Etymology

From Vietnamese Việt Nam.

Proper noun

Vietnam

  1. Vietnam (a country in Asia)

Czech

Etymology

From Vietnamese Việt Nam.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈvɪɛtnam]

Proper noun

Vietnam m inan

  1. Vietnam

Declension

  • vietnamský
  • vietnamština
  • Vietnamec
  • Vietnamka

Further reading

  • Vietnam in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
  • Vietnam in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989

Danish

Etymology

From Vietnamese Việt Nam.

Proper noun

Vietnam

  1. Vietnam

Dutch

Etymology

From Vietnamese Việt Nam.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /fjɛtˈnɑm/
  • (file)
  • Hyphenation: Viet‧nam
  • Rhymes: -ɑm

Proper noun

Vietnam n

  1. Vietnam

Derived terms

  • Vietnamees

Finnish

Etymology

From Vietnamese Việt Nam.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈʋie̯tnɑm/, [ˈʋie̞̯t̪nɑm]
  • Rhymes: -ietnɑm
  • Syllabification(key): Viet‧nam

Proper noun

Vietnam

  1. Vietnam
    Vietnamin sosialistinen tasavaltaSocialist Republic of Vietnam

Declension

Inflection of Vietnam (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation)
nominativeVietnam
genitiveVietnamin
partitiveVietnamia
illativeVietnamiin
singularplural
nominativeVietnam
accusativenom.Vietnam
gen.Vietnamin
genitiveVietnamin
partitiveVietnamia
inessiveVietnamissa
elativeVietnamista
illativeVietnamiin
adessiveVietnamilla
ablativeVietnamilta
allativeVietnamille
essiveVietnamina
translativeVietnamiksi
instructive
abessiveVietnamitta
comitative
Possessive forms of Vietnam (type risti)
possessorsingularplural
1st personVietnaminiVietnamimme
2nd personVietnamisiVietnaminne
3rd personVietnaminsa

French

Alternative forms

  • Viêt Nam
  • Viet Nam (rare or obsolete)

Etymology

From Vietnamese Việt Nam.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /vjɛt.nam/
  • (file)
  • (file)

Proper noun

Vietnam m

  1. Vietnam (a country in Southeast Asia)

Derived terms

  • vietnamien

See also

  • (countries of Asia) pays d'Asie; Afghanistan, Arabie saoudite, Arménie, Azerbaïdjan, Bahreïn, Bangladesh, Bhoutan, Birmanie, Brunei, Cambodge, Chine, Chypre, Corée du Nord, Corée du Sud, Émirats arabes unis, Géorgie, Inde, Indonésie, Iran, Irak, Israël, Japon, Jordanie, Kazakhstan, Kirghizistan, Koweït, Laos, Liban, Malaisie, Maldives, Mongolie, Népal, Oman, Ouzbékistan, Pakistan, Philippines, Qatar, Russie, Singapour, Sri Lanka, Syrie, Tadjikistan, Thaïlande, Timor oriental, Turquie, Turkménistan, Vietnam, Yémen (Category: fr:Countries in Asia)

Galician

Etymology

From Vietnamese Việt Nam.

Proper noun

Vietnam m

  1. Vietnam
  • vietnamita

German

Etymology

From Vietnamese Việt Nam.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /vi̯ɛtˈnam/, /-ˈnaːm/, [vjɛt-], [vi.ɛt-], [ʋ-]
  • IPA(key): /virtˈnam/, [viɐ̯tˈnam] (colloquial variant; compare Serviette)
  • (file)
  • Rhymes: -am, -aːm

Proper noun

Vietnam n (proper noun, genitive Vietnams or (optionally with an article) Vietnam, plural Vietnam)

  1. Vietnam (a country in Southeast Asia)
    • 2012, Otto Nigsch, Regierung und Gouvernance: Zur Geschichte der bestehenden Ordnung, page 102:
      Dieser zweite Teil der Genfer Erklärung sah auch vor, im Juli 1956 Wahlen zur Vereinigung der beiden Vietnam durchzuführen, doch wurde dieser Teil der Verträge nicht mehr unterschrieben.
      (please add an English translation of this quote)
    • 2014, Heino Caesar, Commander: Ein Bericht. Buch 3, page 180:
      Es war ein blau-gelb-grüner runder Fleck im dunklen Meer unter ihnen auf 17° Nordbreite, der noch existierenden Demarkationslinie zwischen den beiden Vietnam.
      (please add an English translation of this quote)

Usage notes

  • The plural Vietnam refers to North Vietnam (German: Nordvietnam) and South Vietnam (German: Südvietnam).

Declension

Derived terms

  • Nordvietnam n
  • Südvietnam n
  • vietnamesisch
  • Vietnamese m

Hungarian

Etymology

From Vietnamese Việt Nam.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈvijɛtnaːm]
  • Hyphenation: Vi‧et‧nam

Proper noun

Vietnam

  1. Superseded spelling of Vietnám.[1]

Declension

Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
singularplural
nominativeVietnamVietnamok
accusativeVietnamotVietnamokat
dativeVietnamnakVietnamoknak
instrumentalVietnammalVietnamokkal
causal-finalVietnamértVietnamokért
translativeVietnammáVietnamokká
terminativeVietnamigVietnamokig
essive-formalVietnamkéntVietnamokként
essive-modal
inessiveVietnambanVietnamokban
superessiveVietnamonVietnamokon
adessiveVietnamnálVietnamoknál
illativeVietnambaVietnamokba
sublativeVietnamraVietnamokra
allativeVietnamhozVietnamokhoz
elativeVietnambólVietnamokból
delativeVietnamrólVietnamokról
ablativeVietnamtólVietnamoktól
non-attributive
possessive - singular
VietnaméVietnamoké
non-attributive
possessive - plural
VietnaméiVietnamokéi
Possessive forms of Vietnam
possessorsingle possessionmultiple possessions
1st person sing.VietnamomVietnamjaim
2nd person sing.VietnamodVietnamjaid
3rd person sing.VietnamjaVietnamjai
1st person pluralVietnamunkVietnamjaink
2nd person pluralVietnamotokVietnamjaitok
3rd person pluralVietnamjukVietnamjaik

Derived terms

  • vietnami

References

  1.  A magyar helyesírás szabályai, 12. kiadás (’The Rules of Hungarian Orthography, 12th edition’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2015. →ISBN

Further reading

  • e-nyelv: Mostantól: Vietnám!
  • Magyar Nyelvőr: Megjelent A magyar helyesírás szabályai 12. kiadása

Italian

Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from Vietnamese Việt Nam.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈvjɛt.nam/, (traditional) /vjetˈnam/[1]
  • Rhymes: -ɛtnam, (traditional) -am
  • Hyphenation: Vièt‧nam, (traditional) Viet‧nàm

Proper noun

Vietnam m

  1. Vietnam

Derived terms

  • vietnamita

References

  1. Vietnam in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)

Anagrams

  • mentiva

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Vietnamese Việt Nam.

Proper noun

Vietnam

  1. Vietnam
  • vietnameser
  • vietnamesisk

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Vietnamese Việt Nam.

Proper noun

Vietnam

  1. Vietnam
  • vietnamesar
  • vietnamesisk

Scots

Etymology

From English Vietnam, from Vietnamese Việt Nam.

Proper noun

Vietnam

  1. Vietnam

Slovak

Etymology

Ultimately from Vietnamese Việt Nam.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈvi̯etnam]

Proper noun

Vietnam m (genitive singular Vietnamu, declension pattern of dub)

  1. Vietnam (a country in Asia)

Declension

Derived terms

  • Vietnamec m
  • Vietnamka f
  • vietnamský (adjective)
  • vietnamsky (adverb)

Spanish

Etymology

From Vietnamese Việt Nam.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /bjedˈnam/ [bjeð̞ˈnãm]
  • (file)
  • Rhymes: -am
  • Syllabification: Viet‧nam

Proper noun

Vietnam m

  1. Vietnam
  • vietnamita

Swedish

Etymology

From Vietnamese Việt Nam.

Proper noun

Vietnam n (genitive Vietnams)

  1. Vietnam

Anagrams

  • vitmena

Turkish

Etymology

From Vietnamese Việt Nam.

Proper noun

Vietnam

  1. Vietnam

Declension

Derived terms

  • Vietnamlı
  • Vietnamca

See also

  • (countries of Asia) Asya ülkesi; Afganistan, Azerbaycan, Bahreyn, Bangladeş, Birleşik Arap Emirlikleri, Bruney, Butan, Çin, Doğu Timor, Endonezya, Ermenistan, Filistin, Filipinler, Güney Kore, Gürcistan, Hindistan, Irak, İran, İsrail, Japonya, Kamboçya, Katar, Kazakistan, Kıbrıs, Kuveyt, Kuzey Kore, Kırgızistan, Laos, Lübnan, Maldivler, Malezya, Mısır, Moğolistan, Myanmar, Nepal, Özbekistan, Pakistan, Rusya, Singapur, Sri Lanka, Suriye, Suudi Arabistan, Tacikistan, Tayland, Tayvan, Türkiye, Türkmenistan, Umman, Ürdün, Vietnam, Yemen
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