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单词 victory
释义

victory

See also: Victory

English

WOTD – 19 December 2022

Pronunciation

  • (Received Pronunciation, General American) enPR: vĭkʹtəri, vĭkʹtri, IPA(key): /ˈvɪktəɹi/, /ˈvɪktɹi/
  • Audio (GA)(file)
  • Hyphenation: vic‧tory

Etymology 1

The noun is derived from Middle English victory, victori, victorie (“supremacy, victory; a defeat or vanquishing, conquest; superior military force; might, power, strength; triumphal celebration or procession; monument commemorating a defeat; superior position, dominance; mastery; moral victory, vindication; success, triumph; redemption, salvation; resurrection of Jesus; means of achieving spiritual victory; reward for or token of perseverance in a spiritual struggle”) [and other forms],[1] borrowed from Anglo-Norman victorie and Old French victorie, a variant of victoire (“victory, win”) (modern French victoire), from Latin victōria (“victory”), from victor (“champion, winner, victor; conqueror, vanquisher”)[2] (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *weyk- (“to contain, envelop; to overcome”)) + -ia (suffix forming feminine abstract nouns). The English word is analysable as victor +‎ -y (suffix forming abstract nouns denoting a condition, quality, or state), and displacedMiddle English siȝe, sye.

The interjection is derived from the noun.[2]

cognates
  • French victoire
  • Italian vittoria
  • Portuguese vitoria
  • Spanish victoria
  • Romanian victorie

Noun

victory (countable and uncountable, plural victories)

  1. (uncountable) The condition or state of having won a battle or competition, or having succeeded in an effort; (countable) an instance of this.
    Synonyms: triumph, win
    Antonyms: defeat, loss
    It was a great victory on the battlefield.
    • 1535 October 14 (Gregorian calendar), Myles Coverdale, transl., Biblia: The Byble, […] (Coverdale Bible), [Cologne or Marburg: Eucharius Cervicornus and J. Soter?], OCLC 79441532, Daniel vij:[21], folio lxxxi, recto, column 1:
      I behelde, and the ſame horne made battail agaynſt the ſayntes, yee ãd gat the victory off them: […]
    • c. 1587 (date written), [Thomas Kyd], The Spanish Tragedie: […] (Fourth Quarto), London: […] W[illiam] W[hite] for T[homas] Pauier, […], published 1602, OCLC 1121309224, Act I:
      Hieronimo, it greatly pleaſeth vs, / That in our victorie thou haue a ſhare, / By vertue of thy vvorthy Sonnes exployt.
    • c. 1591–1592 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Third Part of Henry the Sixt, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act IV, scene i], page 164, column 1:
      VVhy ſo: then am I ſure of Victorie. Novv therefore let vs hence, and loſe no hovvre, / Till vvee meet VVarvvicke, vvith his forreine povvre.
    • c. 1593 (date written), [William Shakespeare], The Tragedy of King Richard the Third. […] (First Quarto), London: […] Valentine Sims [and Peter Short] for Andrew Wise, […], published 1597, OCLC 55191490, [Act V, scene v]:
      Fortune and victorie ſet on thy helme.
      A personification.
    • c. 1591–1595 (date written), [William Shakespeare], […] Romeo and Juliet. […] (First Quarto), London: […] Iohn Danter, published 1597, OCLC 503903918, [Act IV, scene i]:
      The teares haue got ſmall victory by that, / For it vvas bad enough before their ſpite.
    • 1605, Francis Bacon, “The First Booke”, in The Tvvoo Bookes of Francis Bacon. Of the Proficience and Aduancement of Learning, Diuine and Humane, London: […] [Thomas Purfoot and Thomas Creede] for Henrie Tomes, […], OCLC 932932554, folio 39, verso:
      So likevviſe in that book of his [Julius Caesar's] Anticato, it may eaſily appeare that he did aſpire as vvell to victorie of vvit, as victory of vvarre: […]
    • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, 2 Maccabees 12:11, column 1:
      Whereupon there was a very ſore battell: but Judas [Maccabeus] ſide by the helpe of God got the victory, […]
    • 1665 September 24 (date written; Gregorian calendar)​, Samuel Pepys; Mynors Bright, transcriber, “September 14th, 1665”, in Henry B[enjamin] Wheatley, editor, The Diary of Samuel Pepys […], volume V, London: George Bell & Sons […]; Cambridge: Deighton Bell & Co., published 1895, OCLC 1016700617, pages 76–77:
      But before I went from the office newes is brought by word of mouth that letters are now just now brought from the fleete of our taking a great many more of the Dutch fleete, […] Down to the office, and there wrote letters to and again about this good newes of our victory, and so by water home late.
    • 1667, John Milton, “Book X”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], OCLC 228722708; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, OCLC 230729554, lines 1460–1461:
      [S]uffering for Truths ſake / Is fortitude to higheſt victorie, […]
    • 1697, Virgil, “The Third Book of the Georgics”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], OCLC 403869432, lines 163–164, page 101:
      Obſerve if he diſdains to yield the Prize; / Of Loſs impatient, proud of Victories.
    • 1719, [Daniel Defoe], The Farther Adventures of Robinson Crusoe; […], London: […] W[illiam] Taylor […], OCLC 613471018, page 353:
      […] I thought he vvas not a Monarch only, but a great Conqueror; for that he that has got a Victory over his ovvn exorbitant Deſires, and has the abſolute Dominion over himſelf, vvhose Reaſon entirely governs his VVill, is certainly greater than he that conquers a City.
    • 1769, William Robertson, “Book IV”, in The History of the Reign of the Emperor Charles V. […], volume II, London: […] W. and W. Strahan, for W[illiam] Strahan, T[homas] Cadell, […]; and J. Balfour, […], OCLC 1018391497, page 232:
      He had never dreamt, hovvever, of any event ſo deciſive and ſo fatal as the victory at Pavia, vvhich ſeemed not only to have broken, but to have annihilated the povver of one of the rivals; […]
    • 1788, Edward Gibbon, chapter XLIII, in The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, volume IV, London: […] W[illiam] Strahan; and T[homas] Cadell, […], OCLC 995235880, page 282:
      [I]t vvas his [Totila's] conſtant theme, that national vice and ruin are inſeparably connected; that victory is the fruit of moral as vvell as military virtue; and that the prince, and even the people, are reſponſible for the crimes vvhich they neglect to puniſh.
    • 1791, Homer; W[illiam] Cowper, transl., “[The Iliad.] Book XIII.”, in The Iliad and Odyssey of Homer, Translated into Blank Verse, […], volume I, London: […] J[oseph] Johnson, […], OCLC 779243096, lines 384–387, page 335:
      [B]urn his rage / Hovv fierce ſoever, he ſhall find it hard / VVith all his thirſt of victory, to quell / Their firm reſiſtance, […]
    • 1813 January 27, [Jane Austen], chapter IX, in Pride and Prejudice, volume I, London: […] [George Sidney] for T[homas] Egerton […], OCLC 38659585, page 94:
      Every body was surprised; and Darcy, after looking at her for a moment, turned silently away. Mrs. Bennet, who fancied she had gained a complete victory over him, continued her triumph.
    • 1828 May 15, [Walter Scott], chapter VI, in Chronicles of the Canongate. Second Series. […] (The Fair Maid of Perth), volume III, Edinburgh: […] [Ballantyne and Co.] for Cadell and Co.; London: Simpkin and Marshall, OCLC 17487293, page 128:
      "Farewell," he said, "the only hope, which could have lighted me to fame or victory!"
    • 1849, Thomas Babington Macaulay, chapter VI, in The History of England from the Accession of James II, volume II, London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, OCLC 1069526323, page 42:
      A hope, still indeed faint and indefinite, of victory and revenge, animated the party which had lately seemed to be extinct.
    • 1921, The Pottery & Glass Salesman, volume 24, New York, N.Y.: O’Gorman Pub. Co., OCLC 20316206, page 75:
      Already there are certain signs that politicians within the Republican party are suffering from the intoxication of too much victory.
    • 2011 November 12, Phil McNulty, “International Friendly: England 1 – 0 Spain”, in BBC Sport‎, archived from the original on 2022-08-13:
      England will not be catapulted among the favourites for Euro 2012 as a result of this win, but no victory against Spain is earned easily and it is right they take great heart from their efforts as they now prepare to play Sweden at Wembley on Tuesday.
  2. (Roman mythology) Alternative letter-case form of Victory (“(uncountable) the Roman goddess of victory, the counterpart of the Greek goddess Nike; also (countable), an artistic depiction of her, chiefly as a winged woman”)
    • 1841, M. A. Titmarsh [pseudonym; William Makepeace Thackeray], “Mr. Titmarsh to Miss Smith on the Second Funeral of Napoleon. Letter III. The Funeral Ceremony.”, in The Second Funeral of Napoleon: […] And The Chronicle of the Drum. […], London: Hugh Cunningham, […], OCLC 504161619, page 63:
      All along the Champs Elysées were […] statues of plaster representing nymphs, triumphs, victories, and other female personages painted in oil so as to represent marble; real marble could have had no better effect, and the appearance of the whole was lively and picturesque in the extreme.
Alternative forms
  • victorie (obsolete)
Derived terms
  • Cadmean victory
  • dig for victory
  • hollow victory
  • landslide victory
  • margin of victory
  • moral victory
  • Pyrrhic victory
  • snatch defeat from the jaws of victory
  • snatch victory from the jaws of defeat
  • victory at sea
  • Victory Day
  • victory garden
  • victory lane
  • victory lap
  • victoryless
  • victory mosque
  • victory point
  • victory roll
  • victory sign
  • victor
  • victoress (obsolete)
  • victoria, Victoria
  • victorious
  • victoriously
  • victoriousness
  • victor ludorum
  • victress
  • victrice (obsolete)
  • victrix
Descendants
  • → Maori: wikitōriatanga
Translations
alternative letter-case form of Victory — see Victory

Interjection

victory

  1. (Should we delete(+) this sense?) Used to encourage someone to achieve success, or to celebrate a success or triumph.
    • 1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Sixt”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act IV, scene vi], page 113, column 1:
      Saint George and Victory; fight Souldiers, fight: […]
    • 1817 December (indicated as 1818)​, Percy B[ysshe] Shelley, “Canto Fifth”, in Laon and Cythna; or, The Revolution of the Golden City: A Vision of the Nineteenth Century. […], London: […] [F]or Sherwood, Neely, & Jones, […]; and C[harles] and J[ames] Ollier, […]; by B. M‘Millan, […], OCLC 29621340, stanza LI, section 6, page 123:
      Victory! Victory to the prostrate nations! / Bear witness Night, and ye mute Constellations / Who gaze on us from your crystalline cars! / Thoughts have gone forth whose powers can sleep no more! / Victory! Victory!
    • 1821 (date written), Percy B[ysshe] Shelley, Hellas: A Lyrical Drama, London: Charles and James Ollier […], published 1822, OCLC 1167209430, page 47:
      Victory! Victory! Russia's famish'd eagles / Dare not to prey beneath the crescent's light.
Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle English victorien (“to overcome, vanquish”),[3] from Old French victorier, or from Medieval Latin victōriāre, from Latin victōria (noun);[4] see further at etymology 1.

cognates
  • Italian vittoriare

Verb

victory (third-person singular simple present victories, present participle victorying, simple past and past participle victoried)

  1. (transitive, obsolete, rare) To defeat or triumph over (someone or something).
    • 1639, John Welles, “Of Mortification”, in The Soules Progresse to the Celestiall Canaan, or Heavenly Jerusalem. […], London: […] E[dward] G[riffin] and are to be sold by Henry Shephard […], OCLC 40417285, 2nd part, page 245:
      [W]hen ſin got the upper hand of us, and vvee victoried by them; vve vvere then their ſervants, their ſlave: vvhen vvee overcome and have victoried them; let us make them our ſlaves perpetually; let us bind them in chaines, caſt them in priſon, and for ever utterly deſtroy their evill povver: […]
    • 1663, Edward Waterhous [i.e., Edward Waterhouse], chapter XLVIII, in Fortescutus Illustratus; or A Commentary on that Nervous Treatise De Laudibus Legum Angliæ, Written by Sir John Fortescue Knight, […], London: […] Tho[mas] Roycroft for Thomas Dicas […], OCLC 316351399, page 517:
      [The game of dice and ball] is near of kin, in the nature of the vvord to that game of Cock-all, vvhich boyes uſe amongſt us, vvhich Cock-all, is as much vvin and take all, as a Cock does vvho victorying, has not onely the praiſe of all, but vvins all thats laied on the match by the Abettors againſt him.

References

  1. “victōrī(e, n.(1)”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
  2. “victory, n.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, December 2022; “victory, n.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
  3. “victōrīen, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
  4. “† victory, v.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, December 2020.

Further reading

  • victory on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
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