vennua
Ingrian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *venudak. Cognates include Finnish venyä and Estonian venida.
Pronunciation
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈʋenuɑ/, [ˈʋe̞nːo̞]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈʋenuɑ/, [ˈʋe̞nˑuɑ]
- Rhymes: -enuɑ
- Hyphenation: ven‧nu‧a
Verb
vennua
- (intransitive) to stretch
- 1936, N. A. Iljin and V. I. Junus, Bukvari iƶoroin șkouluja vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 43:
- Pitkin patsait vennuu rautalanka hoikka.
- A thin wire stretches along the pylons.
-
Conjugation
| Conjugation of vennua (type 1/ampua, no gradation, gemination) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indikativa | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | venun | en venu | 1st singular | oon venunt, oon venunut | en oo venunt, en oo venunut |
| 2nd singular | venut | et venu | 2nd singular | oot venunt, oot venunut | et oo venunt, et oo venunut |
| 3rd singular | vennuu | ei venu | 3rd singular | ono venunt, ono venunut | ei oo venunt, ei oo venunut |
| 1st plural | venumma | emmä venu | 1st plural | oomma venunneet | emmä oo venunneet |
| 2nd plural | venutta | että venu | 2nd plural | ootta venunneet | että oo venunneet |
| 3rd plural | vennuut1), venuvat2), venutaa | evät venu | 3rd plural | ovat venunneet | evät oo venunneet |
| impersonal | venutaa | ei venuta | impersonal | ono venuttu | ei oo venuttu |
| Imperfekta | Pluskvamperfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | venuin | en venunt, en venunut | 1st singular | olin venunt, olin venunut | en olt venunt, en olt venunut |
| 2nd singular | venuit | et venunt, et venunut | 2nd singular | olit venunt, olit venunut | et olt venunt, et olt venunut |
| 3rd singular | venui | ei venunt, ei venunut | 3rd singular | oli venunt, oli venunut | ei olt venunt, ei olt venunut |
| 1st plural | venuimma | emmä venunneet | 1st plural | olimma venunneet | emmä olleet venunneet |
| 2nd plural | venuitta | että venunneet | 2nd plural | olitta venunneet | että olleet venunneet |
| 3rd plural | vennuit1), venuivat2), venuttii | evät venunneet | 3rd plural | olivat venunneet | evät olleet venunneet |
| impersonal | venuttii | ei venuttu | impersonal | oli venuttu | ei olt venuttu |
| Konditsionala | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | venuisin | en venuis | 1st singular | olisin venunt, olisin venunut | en olis venunt, en olis venunut |
| 2nd singular | venuisit, vennuist1) | et venuis | 2nd singular | olisit venunt, olisit venunut | et olis venunt, et olis venunut |
| 3rd singular | venuis | ei venuis | 3rd singular | olis venunt, olis venunut | ei olis venunt, ei olis venunut |
| 1st plural | venuisimma | emmä venuis | 1st plural | olisimma venunneet | emmä olis venunneet |
| 2nd plural | venuisitta | että venuis | 2nd plural | olisitta venunneet | että olis venunneet |
| 3rd plural | venuisiit1), venuisivat2), venuttais | evät venuis | 3rd plural | olisivat venunneet | evät olis venunneet |
| impersonal | venuttais | ei venuttais | impersonal | olis venuttu | ei olis venuttu |
| Imperativa | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | — | — | 1st singular | — | — |
| 2nd singular | venu | elä venu | 2nd singular | oo venunt, oo venunut | elä oo venunt, elä oo venunut |
| 3rd singular | venukoo | elköö venuko | 3rd singular | olkoo venunt, olkoo venunut | elköö olko venunt, elköö olko venunut |
| 1st plural | — | — | 1st plural | — | — |
| 2nd plural | venukaa | elkää venuko | 2nd plural | olkaa venunneet | elkää olko venunneet |
| 3rd plural | venukoot | elkööt venuko | 3rd plural | olkoot venunneet | elkööt olko venunneet |
| impersonal | venuttakkoo | elköö venuttako | impersonal | olkoo venuttu | elköö olko venuttu |
| Potentsiala | |||||
| Preesens | |||||
| positive | negative | ||||
| 1st singular | venunen | en venune | |||
| 2nd singular | venunet | et venune | |||
| 3rd singular | venunoo | ei venune | |||
| 1st plural | venunemma | emmä venune | |||
| 2nd plural | venunetta | että venune | |||
| 3rd plural | venunoot | evät venune | |||
| impersonal | venuttannoo | ei venuttane | |||
| Nominal forms | |||||
| Infinitivat | Partisipat | ||||
| active | passive | ||||
| 1st | vennua | present | venuva | venuttava | |
| 2nd | inessive | venujees | past | venunt, venunut | venuttu |
| instructive | vennuen | 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. 2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. *) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (venukaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. **) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative, or -kse to the potential. ***) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition. | |||
| 3rd | illative | venumaa | |||
| inessive | venumaas | ||||
| elative | venumast | ||||
| abessive | venumata | ||||
| 4th | nominative | venumiin | |||
| partitive | venumista, venumist | ||||
References
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 653