venir

Asturian

Etymology

From Latin venīre, present active infinitive of veniō.

Verb

venir

to come

Catalan

Alternative forms

vindre (Mostly Valencian)

Etymology

From Old Catalan venir, from Latin venīre, veniō, from Proto-Italic *gʷenjō, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷm̥yéti, from zero-grade of *gʷem- + *-yéti.

Pronunciation

(Balearic) IPA^(key): /vəˈni/

(Central) IPA^(key): /bəˈni/

(Valencian) IPA^(key): /veˈniɾ/

Verb

venir (first-person singular present vinc, past participle vingut)

(intransitive) to come

Conjugation

Conjugation of venir (second conjugation with velar infix, type tenir)

person		singular			plural
infinitive			venir
present participle			venint
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		vingut		vinguda
		plural		vinguts		vingudes
person		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	vinc	véns	ve	venim	veniu	vénen
	imperfect	venia	venies	venia	veníem	veníeu	venien
	future	vindré	vindràs	vindrà	vindrem	vindreu	vindran
	preterite	vinguí	vingueres	vingué	vinguérem	vinguéreu	vingueren
	conditional	vindria	vindries	vindria	vindríem	vindríeu	vindrien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	vingui	vinguis	vingui	vinguem	vingueu	vinguin
	imperfect	vingués	vinguessis	vingués	vinguéssim	vinguéssiu	vinguessin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
imperative		—	vine	vingui	vinguem	veniu	vinguin

Derived terms

que ve
venir a tomb
venir de gust
venir d'un fil

Related terms

intervenir
revenir

References

“venir” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
“venir”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2023
“venir” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
“venir” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Franco-Provençal

Alternative forms

vegnir

Etymology

From Latin veniō.

Verb

venir

to come

Conjugation

Conjugation of venir — irregular verb

		simple			compound
infinitive		venir			étre venu
gerund		venent			étent venu
auxiliary verb		étre
past participle		masculine			feminine
	singular	venu			venua
	plural	venus			venues
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		jo (j')	tu (t')	il/elli	nos	vos	ils
	present	veno	vins	vint	venens	venids	venont
	imperfect	venien	venias	veniêt	venians	veniâds	veniant
	preterite	veni	venis	venit	venirons	venites, venirâds	veniront
	future	vindré	vindrés	vindrat	vindrens	vindréds	vindront
	conditional	vindren	vindrias	vindrêt	vindrians	vindriâds	vindriant
compound tenses	present perfect	present indicative of étre + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of étre + past participle
	past anterior	preterite indicative of étre + past participle
	future perfect	future indicative of étre + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of étre + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j')	que te (t')	qu'il/el	que nos	que vos	qu'ils/els
	present	veno	venes	vene	venans	veniâds	venant
	imperfect	venissen	venissias	venisse	venissians	venissiâds	venissant
compound tenses	past	present subjunctive of étre + past participle
compound tenses	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of étre + past participle
imperative		—	te	—	nos	vos	—
			vin		venens	venids

French

Etymology

From Middle French venir, from Old French venir, from Latin venīre, present active infinitive of veniō, from Proto-Italic *gʷenjō, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷm̥yéti, from zero-grade of *gʷem- + *-yéti (English come). Compare Portuguese vir, Spanish venir, Italian venire.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /və.niʁ/, (informal) /vniʁ/
Audio (file)
Rhymes: -iʁ

Verb

venir

(intransitive) to come (to move from one place to another that is nearer the speaker)
Viens vivre avec moi en France. ― Come live with me in France.

Conjugation

This is a verb in a group of -ir verbs. All verbs ending in -venir, such as convenir and devenir, are conjugated this way. Such verbs are the only verbs whose the past historic and subjunctive imperfect endings do not start in one of these thematic vowels (-a-, -i-, -u-).

Conjugation of venir (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	compound	être + past participle
infinitive	simple	venir
present participle or gerund¹	simple	venant /və.nɑ̃/
present participle or gerund¹	compound	étant + past participle
past participle		venu /və.ny/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	viens /vjɛ̃/	viens /vjɛ̃/	vient /vjɛ̃/	venons /və.nɔ̃/	venez /və.ne/	viennent /vjɛn/
	imperfect	venais /və.nɛ/	venais /və.nɛ/	venait /və.nɛ/	venions /və.njɔ̃/	veniez /və.nje/	venaient /və.nɛ/
	past historic²	vins /vɛ̃/	vins /vɛ̃/	vint /vɛ̃/	vînmes /vɛ̃m/	vîntes /vɛ̃t/	vinrent /vɛ̃ʁ/
	future	viendrai /vjɛ̃.dʁe/	viendras /vjɛ̃.dʁa/	viendra /vjɛ̃.dʁa/	viendrons /vjɛ̃.dʁɔ̃/	viendrez /vjɛ̃.dʁe/	viendront /vjɛ̃.dʁɔ̃/
	conditional	viendrais /vjɛ̃.dʁɛ/	viendrais /vjɛ̃.dʁɛ/	viendrait /vjɛ̃.dʁɛ/	viendrions /vjɛ̃.dʁi.jɔ̃/	viendriez /vjɛ̃.dʁi.je/	viendraient /vjɛ̃.dʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of être + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of être + past participle
	past anterior²	past historic of être + past participle
	future perfect	future of être + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of être + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	vienne /vjɛn/	viennes /vjɛn/	vienne /vjɛn/	venions /və.njɔ̃/	veniez /və.nje/	viennent /vjɛn/
(simple tenses)	imperfect²	vinsse /vɛ̃s/	vinsses /vɛ̃s/	vînt /vɛ̃/	vinssions /vɛ̃.sjɔ̃/	vinssiez /vɛ̃.sje/	vinssent /vɛ̃s/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of être + past participle
(compound tenses)	pluperfect²	imperfect subjunctive of être + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	~~nous~~	~~vous~~	–
simple		—	viens /vjɛ̃/	—	venons /və.nɔ̃/	venez /və.ne/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of être + past participle	—	simple imperative of être + past participle	simple imperative of être + past participle	—
¹ The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
² In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Derived terms

a beau mentir qui vient de loin
advenir
aller et venir
avenir
à venir
circonvenir
contrevenir
convenir
devenir
en venir à
en venir au fait
en venir aux mains
évènement
éventualité
intervenir
inventer
l'appétit vient en mangeant
mésavenir
nouveau venu
obvenir
parvenir
premier venu
prendre les choses comme elles viennent
prévenir
provenir
redevenir
ressouvenir
revenir
souvenir
subvenir
survenir
tout vient à point à qui sait attendre
un malheur ne vient jamais seul
venir à bout
venir à Canossa
venir au monde
venir de
venir du cœur
venir en âge
venir en aide
voir venir

Descendants

Haitian Creole: vin, vini
→ English: venue

Anagrams

verni

Ido

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /veˈnir/

Verb

venir

past infinitive of venar

Interlingua

Verb

venir

to come
Antonym: ir

Conjugation

Conjugation of venir

participle		present	perfect
infinitive		venir
participle		veniente	venite
active		simple	perfect
	present	veni	ha venite
	past	veniva	habeva venite
	future	venira	habera venite
	conditional	venirea	haberea venite
	imperative	veni

Italian

Verb

venir (apocopated)

Apocopic form of venire

Anagrams

Nervi, nervi, verni

Middle French

Etymology

From Old French venir.

Verb

venir

to come (go to a specified location)
Coordinate term: aller

Descendants

French: venir
- Haitian Creole: vin, vini
- → English: venue

Norman

Etymology

From Old French venir, from Latin venire, present active infinitive of veniō (“come, approach”).

Verb

venir

to come

Conjugation

Conjugation of the verb « venir » in Norman

		singular			plural
infinitive			venir
gerund			venant
auxiliary			yêtre¹
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		venu		venue
		plural		venus		venues
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		je (j')	tu (t')	il, alle, nos	je (nos)	vos	il, alles
	present	viens	viens	vient	venoms	venez	viennent
	imperfect	veneis	veneis	veneit	venioms	veniez	veneient
	preterite	vins	vins	vint	vînmes	vîntes	vîntrent
	future	viendrai	viendras	viendra	viendroms	viendrez	viendront
	conditional	viendreis	viendreis	viendreit	viendrioms	viendriez	viendreient

subjunctive		que je (j')	que te (t')	qu'il, qu'alle, que nos	que je (que nos)	que vos	qu'il, qu'alles
	present	vienne	viennes	vienne	venioms	veniez	viennent
	imperfect	vinsse	vinsses	vînt vinsse	vinssioms	vinssiez	vinssent

imperative		—	tu	—	je (nos)	vos	—
imperative			viens		venoms	venez
¹Used with past participles.

Occitan

Etymology

From Old Occitan venir, from Latin venīre, present active infinitive of veniō.

Pronunciation

Audio (Languedocien) (file)

Verb

venir

to come

Conjugation

Lengadocian (Central Occitan)

		simple			compound
infinitive		venir			aver vengut
gerund		venent			*use gerund of aver* + past participle**
past participle		vengut			—
person		singular			plural
person		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	veni	venes	ven	venèm	venètz	venon
	imperfect	veniái	veniás	veniá	veniam	veniatz	venián
	preterite	venguèri	venguères	venguèt	venguèrem	venguèretz	venguèron
	future	vendrai	vendràs	vendrà	vendrem	vendretz	vendràn
	conditional	vendriái	vendriás	vendriá	vendriam	vendriatz	vendrián
	conditional 2nd form¹	[[{{{49}}}#Occitan\|{{{49}}}]]	[[{{{50}}}#Occitan\|{{{50}}}]]	[[{{{51}}}#Occitan\|{{{51}}}]]	[[{{{52}}}#Occitan\|{{{52}}}]]	[[{{{53}}}#Occitan\|{{{53}}}]]	[[{{{54}}}#Occitan\|{{{54}}}]]
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	venga	vengas	venga	vengam	vengatz	vengan
	imperfect	venguèsse	venguèsses	venguèsse	venguèssem	venguèssetz	venguèsson
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
compound tenses	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
imperative			vèni		vengam	venètz	¹Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

Old French

Etymology

First known attestation 881 in The Sequence of Saint Eulalia. From Latin venīre, present active infinitive of veniō.

Verb

venir

to come; to arrive
- 13th century, Unknown, La Vie de Saint Laurent, page 10, column 1, line 2:
  Quant Saint Lorenz i est venu
  When Saint Laurence arrived

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a third-group verb. This verb has a stressed present stem vien distinct from the unstressed stem ven, as well as other irregularities. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

Conjugation of venir (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)

		simple			compound
infinitive		venir			avoir venu
gerund		en venant			Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle
present participle		venant
past participle		venu
person		singular			plural
person		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	il	nos	vos	il
simple tenses	present	vieng, vien	viens	vient	venons	venez	vienent
	imperfect	venoie, veneie	venoies, veneies	venoit, veneit	veniiens, veniens	veniiez, veniez	venoient, veneient
	preterite	vin	venis	vint	venimes	venistes	vindrent, vinrent
	future	vendrai	vendras	vendra	vendrons	vendroiz, vendreiz, vendrez	vendront
	conditional	vendroie, vendreie	vendroies, vendreies	vendroit, vendreit	vendriiens, vendriens	vendriiez, vendriez	vendroient, vendreient
compound tenses	present perfect	Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle
	pluperfect	Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle
	past anterior	Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle
	future perfect	Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle
	conditional perfect	Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle
subjunctive		que jo	que tu	qu’il	que nos	que vos	qu’il
simple tenses	present	viegne	viegnes	viegne	viegniens, viegnons	viegniez	viegnent
simple tenses	imperfect	venisse	venisses	venist	venissons, venissiens	venissoiz, venissez, venissiez	venissent
compound tenses	past	Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle
compound tenses	pluperfect	Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nos	vos	–
imperative		—	vien	—	venons	venez	—

Descendants

Bourguignon: veindre, veni, veinre
Middle French: venir
- French: venir
  - Haitian Creole: vin, vini
  - → English: venue
Norman: v'nîn, vénîn; v'nir, v'nir, v'nîn
Tourangeau: veinde
Walloon: vni, vini

Old Occitan

Alternative forms

venier

Etymology

From Latin venīre, present active infinitive of veniō.

Verb

venir

to come (arrive at a given location)

Descendants

Occitan: venir

References

Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “venīre”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 14: U–Z, page 240

Old Spanish

Etymology

From Latin venīre.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /βeˈniɾ/

Verb

venir

to come
- between 1140-1207, Anonymous (or Per Abbat), Cantar de mío Cid line 3668:
  Essora dixo el Rey venid uos ami compaña
  (modernized spelling) Esora dijo el rey, venidvos (=veníos) a mi compaña
  At that moment, the king said, "Come, both of you, to my company (=to accompany me)..."
- between 1140-1207, Anonymous (or Per Abbat), Cantar de mío Cid lines 1943-1944:
  Con todo esto auos dixo alfonsso / q̃ uos vernie avistas do ouiessedes sabor
  (modernized spelling) Con todo esto, a vos dijo Alfonso que vos vernié (=vendría) a vistas do hobiésedes (=hubieseis) sabor
  With all this, (king) Alphonse said that he'd come to see you wherever you'd like

Descendants

Spanish: venir

Spanish

Etymology

From Old Spanish venir, from Latin venīre, present active infinitive of veniō, from Proto-Italic *gʷenjō, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷm̥yéti, from zero-grade of *gʷem- + *-yéti. Compare French venir, Portuguese vir.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /beˈniɾ/ [beˈniɾ]
Audio (file)
Rhymes: -iɾ
Syllabification: ve‧nir

Verb

venir (first-person singular present vengo, first-person singular preterite vine, past participle venido)

(intransitive) to come (to move towards the speaker)
ven aquí / ven acá ― come here
(reflexive, slang) to achieve orgasm; to cum; to ejaculate

Usage notes

Venir always references movement towards the speaker, whereas English "come" can signify movement towards the speaker, the listener, or another mentioned place. To indicate movement toward the listener or another location, use ir (“to go”):
Él va hacia ti.
He's coming towards you.
¿Irás a la fiesta conmigo?
Will you come to the party with me?

Conjugation

Conjugation of venir (irregular; e-ie-i alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

		singular			plural
infinitive			venir
gerund			viniendo
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		venido		venida
		plural		venidos		venidas
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	vengo	vienes^{^tú} venís^{^vos}	viene	venimos	venís	vienen
	imperfect	venía	venías	venía	veníamos	veníais	venían
	preterite	vine	viniste	vino	vinimos	vinisteis	vinieron
	future	vendré	vendrás	vendrá	vendremos	vendréis	vendrán
	conditional	vendría	vendrías	vendría	vendríamos	vendríais	vendrían

subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	venga	vengas^{^tú} vengás^{^vos²}	venga	vengamos	vengáis	vengan
	imperfect (ra)	viniera	vinieras	viniera	viniéramos	vinierais	vinieran
	imperfect (se)	viniese	vinieses	viniese	viniésemos	vinieseis	viniesen
	future¹	viniere	vinieres	viniere	viniéremos	viniereis	vinieren

imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		ven^{^tú} vení^{^vos}	venga	vengamos	venid	vengan
	negative		no vengas	no venga	no vengamos	no vengáis	no vengan

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

Selected combined forms of venir (irregular; e-ie-i alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive venir
	dative	venirme	venirte	venirle, venirse	venirnos	veniros	venirles, venirse
	accusative	venirme	venirte	venirlo, venirla, venirse	venirnos	veniros	venirlos, venirlas, venirse

with gerund viniendo
	dative	viniéndome	viniéndote	viniéndole, viniéndose	viniéndonos	viniéndoos	viniéndoles, viniéndose
	accusative	viniéndome	viniéndote	viniéndolo, viniéndola, viniéndose	viniéndonos	viniéndoos	viniéndolos, viniéndolas, viniéndose

with informal second-person singular tú imperative ven
	dative	venme	vente	venle	vennos	not used	venles
	accusative	venme	vente	venlo, venla	vennos	not used	venlos, venlas

with informal second-person singular vos imperative vení
	dative	venime	venite	venile	veninos	not used	veniles
	accusative	venime	venite	venilo, venila	veninos	not used	venilos, venilas

with formal second-person singular imperative venga
	dative	véngame	not used	véngale, véngase	vénganos	not used	véngales
	accusative	véngame	not used	véngalo, véngala, véngase	vénganos	not used	véngalos, véngalas

with first-person plural imperative vengamos
	dative	not used	vengámoste	vengámosle	vengámonos	vengámoos	vengámosles
	accusative	not used	vengámoste	vengámoslo, vengámosla	vengámonos	vengámoos	vengámoslos, vengámoslas

with informal second-person plural imperative venid
	dative	venidme	not used	venidle	venidnos	veníos	venidles
	accusative	venidme	not used	venidlo, venidla	venidnos	veníos	venidlos, venidlas

with formal second-person plural imperative vengan
	dative	vénganme	not used	vénganle	véngannos	not used	vénganles, vénganse
	accusative	vénganme	not used	vénganlo, vénganla	véngannos	not used	vénganlos, vénganlas, vénganse

Conjugation of venirse (irregular; e-ie-i alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

		singular			plural
infinitive			venirse
gerund			viniéndose
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		venido		venida
		plural		venidos		venidas
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
personal non-finite		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	infinitive	venirme	venirte	venirse	venirnos	veniros	venirse
	gerund	viniéndome	viniéndote	viniéndose	viniéndonos	viniéndoos	viniéndose

indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	me vengo	te vienes^{^tú} te venís^{^vos}	se viene	nos venimos	os venís	se vienen
	imperfect	me venía	te venías	se venía	nos veníamos	os veníais	se venían
	preterite	me vine	te viniste	se vino	nos vinimos	os vinisteis	se vinieron
	future	me vendré	te vendrás	se vendrá	nos vendremos	os vendréis	se vendrán
	conditional	me vendría	te vendrías	se vendría	nos vendríamos	os vendríais	se vendrían

subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	me venga	te vengas^{^tú} te vengás^{^vos²}	se venga	nos vengamos	os vengáis	se vengan
	imperfect (ra)	me viniera	te vinieras	se viniera	nos viniéramos	os vinierais	se vinieran
	imperfect (se)	me viniese	te vinieses	se viniese	nos viniésemos	os vinieseis	se viniesen
	future¹	me viniere	te vinieres	se viniere	nos viniéremos	os viniereis	se vinieren

imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		vente^{^tú} venite^{^vos}	véngase	vengámonos	veníos	vénganse
	negative		no te vengas	no se venga	no nos vengamos	no os vengáis	no se vengan

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

Derived terms

agárrate que vienen curvas
cosas que van y vienen
cuando tú vas yo vengo de regreso
de agárrate que hay curvas
de agárrate y no te menees
en lo por venir
ires y venires
ni ir ni venir
no hay mal que por bien no venga
no venir a cuento
no venir al caso
sin venir a cuento
venir a demostrar (“to go to show”)
venir al caso
venir a por (“to come for, come after”) (pursue, target)
venir de familia
venir por
venirse abajo
voy y vengo

Related terms

advenir
antevenir
avenir
circunvenir
contravenir
convenir
desavenir
desconvenir
devenir
disconvenir
entrevenir
intervenir
invenir
porvenir
prevenir
provenir
reconvenir
revenir
sobrevenir
subvenir
supervenir
venida
venidero
ventura

venir

Asturian

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Catalan

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Franco-Provençal

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Interlingua

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Italian

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Spanish

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