valeo
Latin
Etymology
From Proto-Italic *walēō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wl̥h₁éh₁yeti, from *h₂welh₁- (“to rule, be strong”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈu̯a.le.oː/, [ˈu̯äɫ̪eoː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈva.le.o/, [ˈväːleo]
Audio (Classical) (file)
Verb
valeō (present infinitive valēre, perfect active valuī, supine valitum); second conjugation, no passive
- I am strong, I have strength, I have influence, I have power, I am powerful, I avail
- Antonyms: langueō, languēscō, ēlanguēscō, senēscō
- Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita I, 30:
- valuitque apud Veientes [...] pacta cum Romulo indutiarum fides
- The truce of peace agreed upon with Romulus had influence among the Veientes.
- valuitque apud Veientes [...] pacta cum Romulo indutiarum fides
- I am well, healthy, sound
- Antonyms: iaceō, aegrōtō, cubō
- I am worth, I am of worth
- I am effectual, am efficacious, am of effect, am good for
- Synonyms: prōficiō, prōsum
- Antonym: officiō
- c. 84 BCE – 54 BCE, Catullus, Carmina 116.5–6:
- […] hunc videō mihi nunc frūstrā sūmptum esse labōrem,
Gellī, nec nostrās hīc valuisse precēs.- 1894 translation by Leonard C. Smithers
- I see now that this effort was undertaken by me in vain, Gellius, and that our prayers to this end were of no avail.
- 1894 translation by Leonard C. Smithers
- […] hunc videō mihi nunc frūstrā sūmptum esse labōrem,
- to be in force, in effect (said of laws)
- I mean, signify (used of words or statements that have a certain force or power in meaning)
- (Ecclesiastical Latin, Medieval Latin) I can; I prevail
- Synonyms: polleo, possum, queō, praevaleō
- Antonym: nequeō
- (New Latin, rare) I leave; I go away
Usage notes
The supine can be either valitūrum or valitum. Passive use is rarely attested.
Conjugation
| Conjugation of valeō (second conjugation, active only) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | valeō | valēs | valet | valēmus | valētis | valent |
| imperfect | valēbam | valēbās | valēbat | valēbāmus | valēbātis | valēbant | |
| future | valēbō | valēbis | valēbit | valēbimus | valēbitis | valēbunt | |
| perfect | valuī | valuistī | valuit | valuimus | valuistis | valuērunt, valuēre | |
| pluperfect | valueram | valuerās | valuerat | valuerāmus | valuerātis | valuerant | |
| future perfect | valuerō | valueris | valuerit | valuerimus | valueritis | valuerint | |
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | valeam | valeās | valeat | valeāmus | valeātis | valeant |
| imperfect | valērem | valērēs | valēret | valērēmus | valērētis | valērent | |
| perfect | valuerim | valuerīs | valuerit | valuerīmus | valuerītis | valuerint | |
| pluperfect | valuissem | valuissēs | valuisset | valuissēmus | valuissētis | valuissent | |
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | valē | — | — | valēte | — |
| future | — | valētō | valētō | — | valētōte | valentō | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | valēre | valuisse | valitūrum esse | — | — | — | |
| participles | valēns | — | valitūrus | — | — | — | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
| valendī | valendō | valendum | valendō | valitum | valitū | ||
Derived terms
- aequivaleō
- pervaleō
- praevaleō
- supervaleō
- valē
- valedīcō
- valēns
- pervaleō
- valenter
- valentia
- valentulus
- valēscō
- valētūdō
- validus
- valor
- Valentina
- Valentinus
Related terms
- polleō
Descendants
- Asturian: valir
- Catalan: valer, valdre
- Dalmatian: valar
- English: vale, vail, value
- Franco-Provençal: valêr
- French: valoir
- Friulian: valê
- → Galician: valer (semi-learned)
- Interlingua: valer
- Italian: valere
- Occitan: vàler, vàldre
- Portuguese: valer
- Romansch: valair, valer, valeir
- Sardinian: balere, baliri, valere
- Sicilian: vàliri
- Spanish: valer
- Venetian: valer
- Walloon: valeur
References
- “valeo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “valeo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- valeo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to be indisposed: leviter aegrotare, minus valere
- to contribute much towards...; to affect considerably; to be instrumental in..: multum valere ad aliquid
- to be highly favoured by; to be influential with..: multum valere gratia apud aliquem
- to possess great authority; to be an influential person: auctoritate valere or florere
- to have great influence with a person; to have considerable weight: multum auctoritate valere, posse apud aliquem
- to have great influence with a person; to have considerable weight: alicuius auctoritas multum valet apud aliquem
- to be talented, gifted: ingenio valere
- to possess great ability: intellegentia or mente multum valere
- to have a good memory: memoriā (multum) valere (opp. memoriā vacillare)
- to be gifted, talented: ingenio valere
- to be very eloquent: eloquentia valere
- to have great weight as a speaker: multum dicendo valere, posse
- to unable to find a suitable expression: verbo parum valere (Tusc. 3. 5. 11)
- to have the same meaning: idem valere, significare, declarare
- the word has a narrow meaning: vocabulum angustius valet
- I bid you good-bye, take my leave: te valere iubeo
- (ambiguous) good-bye; farewell: vale or cura ut valeas
- to have great influence: opibus, gratia, auctoritate valere, florere
- to have a powerful navy: rebus maritimis multum valere
- (ambiguous) good-bye; farewell: vale or cura ut valeas
- to be indisposed: leviter aegrotare, minus valere