valence
See also: Valence
English
Etymology 1
In the sense “extract, preparation”, from Latin valentia (“strength, capacity”) (1425). The now-current sense of “combining capacity (of an atom)” is from German Valenz (1884), from the same Latin word. The linguistic definition was formed in analogy to its use in chemistry. The sense “one-dimensional value” used in psychology is also from German Valenz (1935).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈveɪləns/
Audio (UK) (file)
- Rhymes: -eɪləns
Noun
valence (countable and uncountable, plural valences)
- (chemistry, medicine, obsolete) An extract; a preparation, now especially one effective against a certain number of strains of a pathogen.
- (chemistry) The combining capacity of an atom, radical or functional group determined by the number of electrons that it will lose, gain, or share when it combines with other atoms etc. [from 1884]
- Synonym: valency
- (chemistry) The number of binding sites of a molecule, such as an antibody or antigen.
- (linguistics) The number of arguments that a verb can have, including its subject, ranging from zero (for the likes of "It rains") to three (for the likes of "Bob gives Alice a flower") or, less commonly, four.
- Synonym: valency
- In this assignment you will analyze each of the following sentences and determine the valence of the highlighted verb.
- (especially psychology) A one-dimensional value assigned to an object, situation, or state, that can usually be positive or negative. [from 1935]
- anger and fear have negative valence
- (sociology) Value.
Alternative forms
- valency (mostly UK)
Derived terms
- ambivalence
- equivalence
- polyvalence
- primary valence
- secondary valence
- social valence
- valence electron
- valence shell
Related terms
- valent
- -valent
Translations
chemistry: combining capacity
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chemistry: number of binding sites of a molecule
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linguistics: number of arguments that a verb can have
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psychology: one-dimensional value assigned to an object, situation, or state
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sociology: value
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked
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Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈvæləns/
- Rhymes: -æləns
Noun
valence (plural valences)
- Alternative spelling of valance
Further reading
- valence on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- Valence (chemistry) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- Valency (linguistics) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- Valence (psychology) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- Expectancy theory on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- Douglas Harper (2001–2023), “valence”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
Anagrams
- enclave
Czech
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈvalɛnt͡sɛ]
- Rhymes: -ɛntsɛ
Noun
valence f
- (chemistry) valence, valency
- Synonym: mocenství
- (linguistics) valence, valency
Derived terms
- valenční
Related terms
- See vale
Further reading
- valence in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
- valence in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
- valence in Akademický slovník cizích slov, 1995, at prirucka.ujc.cas.cz
French
Etymology
Back-formation from monovalence., etc.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /va.lɑ̃s/
Audio (file)
Noun
valence f (plural valences)
- (chemistry) valence
- (linguistics) valency
See also
- rection
- transitivité
Further reading
- “valence”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams
- enclave, enclavé