val

See also: Val, VAL, vál, văl, väl, vål, val., Val., and -val

English

Etymology

Shortening of Valium.

Noun

val (countable and uncountable, plural vals)

(informal) Valium.
- 1997 May 29, Kate Sholl, “Re: MED: Pain relief in Neck?”, in alt.med.fibromyalgia, Usenet‎:
  and i must be on that list of people that need to get knocked over with a hammer 'cause vicodin and val don't knock me out.
- 1998 December 29, rob [username], “Re: Depression and MS(leg/feet burning pain)”, in alt.support.mult-sclerosis, Usenet‎:
  I would think though that whatever the reason for a panic attack valium would be great. I know that if my house was on fire and I was on 15mg of val It^[sic] would take a lot more energy than I had, to panic. ;^)
- 2002 June 28, FllSpdAhd1 [username], “Re: Valium?”, in rec.pets.cats.health+behav, Usenet‎:
  I'm a medic and phenobarb is the primary drug for true seizures, but the OP states the cat presents seizure like behavior at the sound of her voice. I don't know where any of you are from, but we don't treat seizures with val.

Anagrams

AVL, LAV, Vla., lav

Afrikaans

Etymology

From Dutch vallen.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /fal/
Audio (file)

Verb

val (present val, present participle vallende, past participle geval)

to fall

Aragonese

Etymology

From Latin valles.

Noun

val f

valley

Catalan

Pronunciation

(Balearic, Valencian) IPA^(key): /ˈval/

(Central) IPA^(key): /ˈbal/
Rhymes: -al

Noun

val m (plural vals)

voucher

Interjection

val

okay

Verb

val

third-person singular present indicative form of valer
second-person singular imperative form of valer

Czech

Etymology

From Middle High German wal, from Latin vallum.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈval]
Rhymes: -al

Noun

val m

bulwark, rampart

Declension

Declension of val

	singular	plural
nominative	val	valy
genitive	valu	valů
dative	valu	valům
accusative	val	valy
vocative	vale	valy
locative	valu	valech
instrumental	valem	valy

Danish

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Old Norse valr.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈvaːl/, [ˈʋæˀl]
Homophone: hval

Noun

val c (singular definite valen, not used in plural form)

(poetic) battlefield

References

“val” in Den Danske Ordbog
“Val,1” in Ordbog over det danske Sprog

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Middle Low German wal or Dutch wal (“coast, shore”), from Latin vallum. Doublet of vold.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈvalˀ/, [ˈʋalˀ]
Homophone: valg

Noun

val c (singular definite vallen, not used in plural form)

(obsolete) steep coastline
- 1779, Johannes Ewald, Romance (from the play Fiskerne), now royal anthem of Denmark / https://kalliope.org/da/text/ewlad1999022205:
  Fra Vallen hørtes Vraal, som brød | Den tykke Skye.
  From the coast a cry was heard that broke the thick cloud.

References

“Val,2” in Ordbog over det danske Sprog

Etymology 3

From Old Norse vǫllr, from Proto-Germanic *walþuz (“forest”), cognate with German Wald. Doublet of vold. Alternatively, the same word as the noun above.

Noun

val c (singular definite vallen, not used in plural form)

(obsolete) plain
- 1812, N.F.S. Grundtvig, Til Danerkongen Frederik hin Sjette (in: Poetiske Skrifter, vol. 3, p. 2):
  Paa faste Val og paa den grønne Strand, | At ofre villig baade Liv og Blod.
  On the firm plain and the green beach to sacrifice both life and blood.

References

“Val,3” in Ordbog over det danske Sprog

Dutch

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /vɑl/
audio (file)
Hyphenation: val
Rhymes: -ɑl
Homophone: Val

Etymology 1

From the verb vallen (“to fall”).

Noun

val m (plural vallen, diminutive valletje n)

A fall (act or event of falling).
A downfall, demise.
Synonym: ondergang
(in compounds) A case, modality
(in compounds) The falling of the night, nightfall.

Derived terms

avondval
bouwval
kabinetsval
knieval
maatval
naamval
nachtval
regenval
rijmval
sneeuwval
toonval
valavond
valkuil
valstrik
valuur
verzenval
waterval

Etymology 2

From Middle Dutch valle, from Old Dutch falla, ultimately from the root of vallen (“to fall”), thus related to Etymology 1 above.

Noun

val f (plural vallen, diminutive valletje n)

A physical trap, snare.
Any trap, ploy.

Derived terms

berenval
geurval
muizenval

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

val

first-person singular present indicative of vallen
imperative of vallen

Etymology 4

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) Probably of the same origin as walvis (“whale”), being the largest land fish.

Noun

val m (plural vallen, diminutive valletje n)

(obsolete) A catfish.
Synonym: meerval
Any of its relatives in the family Siluridae.

Derived terms

meerval
pantserval
sidderval
slangval
vinval

Etymology 5

From Sanskrit वल्ले (valle), called after the resilient seeds of Abrus precatorius. (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Noun

val m (plural vals, diminutive valletje n)

(obsolete) An East Indian weight for silver and gold.(Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)
- 1682, Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, De zes reizen van den Heer J. Bapt. Tavernier, die hij, gedurende de tyt van veertig jaren, in Turkyen, Persiën, en in d'Indiën, langs alle de wegen, die derwaarts strekken, gedaan heeft [The six voyages of Lord J. Bapt. Tavernier, which he made during the period of forty years, in Turkey, Persia, and in the Indies, along all the roads leading thither], Amsterdam: Weduwe Johannes van Someren, page 12:
  Wat de Spaansche Reaal aangaat / die drieënzeventig Vals weegt / men heeft 'er vier Mamoudiën en een halve voor / en een Mamoudi geld twintig Pechas ; en in dezer voegen heeft men voor de Spaansche Reaal tnegentig Pechas: maar zij moeten / gelijk ik gezegt heb / goed zijn / en drieenzeventig Vals wegen.
  As for the Spanish real, which weighs seventy-three vals, one gets four and a half mahmudi for it, and a mahmudi is worth twenty paisa; and in this way one has ninety paisa for the Spanish real: but they should, as I was saying, be good, and weigh seventy-three vals.

Anagrams

vla

Faroese

Etymology

From Old Norse val (“choice”), from the verb velja (“to choose”).

Pronunciation

Rhymes: -ɛaːl

Noun

val n (genitive singular vals, plural val)

choice
Eg hevði einki val. ― I had no choice.
(politics) election
Í dag er val í Norðurkorea, og tað gongur fyri seg upp á ein heilt serligan hátt. ― Today there is an election in North Korea, and it is happening in a very special way.
quality

Declension

Declension of val
n3	singular		plural
n3	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	val	valið	val	valini
accusative	val	valið	val	valini
dative	vali	valinum	valum	valunum
genitive	vals	valsins	vala	valanna

French

Etymology

From Old French val, from Latin vallis, vallem.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /val/

Noun

val m (plural vaux)

(literary) valley, vale

Derived terms

par monts et par vaux
Val d'Aoste
Val de Loire
vallée
vallon

Friulian

Etymology

From Latin vallis, vallem.

Noun

val f (plural valis)

valley

Synonyms

valdade

Galician

Etymology

13th century. From Old Galician and Old Portuguese vale, from Latin vallis, vallem.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈbal/

Noun

val m (plural vales)

valley
- c1350, Kevin M. Parker (ed.), Historia Troyana. Santiago: Instituto Padre Sarmiento, page 122:
  Et ao ferir, braadarõ et deron tan grãdes vozes que os vales rretenyam.
  As they clashed, they shouted and cried so aloud that the valleys resounded.

Derived terms

Balboa
Doval
Val
Valboa
Valbón
Valcovo
Vales
Valía
Valilongo
Valín
Valiña
valiña
Valiñaxemia
Valiño
Valmaior
Valonga
Valongo
Valouta
Valquente
Valverde
Varalongo
Varilongo

References

“vale” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
“vale” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
“val” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
“val” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
“val” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse val (“choice”), from the verb velja (“to choose”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /vaːl/
Rhymes: -aːl

Noun

val n

choice
selection

Declension

declension of val

	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
n-s	singular		plural
nominative	val	valið	völ	völin
accusative	val	valið	völ	völin
dative	vali	valinu	völum	völunum
genitive	vals	valsins	vala	valanna

Derived terms

náttúruval
kynbundið val

Italian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈval/
Rhymes: -al
Hyphenation: vàl

Noun

val f (apocopated)

Apocopic form of valle

Verb

val

Apocopic form of vale

Anagrams

Vla.

Livonian

Alternative forms

(Courland) va'l

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *valo, from Proto-Finno-Ugric *waĺɜ. Cognates include Finnish valo.

Noun

val

light

Middle High German

Etymology

From Old High German val.

Noun

val m

fall
(grammar) case
- 14th century, Heinrich von Mügeln, Der meide krancz (Codex Palatinus germanicus (Cod. Pal. germ.) 14)
  Wÿ man dy namen brechen ſol
  Nach iren vellen hin czu cal
  [the following verses contain a declension of Petrus (genitive Petri, dative Petro, accusative Petrum, vocative Petre and ablative Petro)]
  How one shall inflect/decline (literally break) the nouns
  After their cases over to number

Descendants

German: Fall

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology 1

From Old Norse vaðill (“ford, shallow water”).

Noun

val m (definite singular valen, indefinite plural valer, definite plural valene)

inlet, shallow bay

Etymology 2

From Old Norse valr (“the fallen”).

Noun

val m (definite singular valen, indefinite plural valer, definite plural valene)

(poetic) battlefield

Etymology 3

From Old Norse val.

Noun

val n

form removed with the spelling reform of 1959; superseded by valg

References

“val” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse val.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ʋɑːl/

Noun

val n (definite singular valet, indefinite plural val, definite plural vala)

choice
Du har ikkje noko val.
You don't have a choice.
election
Kven skal du røysta på til valet?
Who are you going to vote for in the election?

Synonyms

(election) røysting

Derived terms

utval
valkamp

References

“val” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Occitan

Alternative forms

vath (Gascon)
vau (Provençal)

Etymology

From Latin vallis.

Pronunciation

Audio (Languedocien) (file)

Noun

val f (plural vals)

valley

Old French

Alternative forms

vaul

Etymology

From Latin vallis, vallem.

Noun

val m (oblique plural vaus or vax or vals, nominative singular vaus or vax or vals, nominative plural val)

valley

Descendants

→ English: vale
French: val

Old High German

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *fall, from Proto-Germanic *fallaz.

Noun

val m

fall

Descendants

Middle High German: val
- German: Fall

Old Norse

Noun

val

accusative singular of valr

Piedmontese

Etymology

From Latin vallis, vallem.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /val/

Noun

val f (plural vaj)

valley

Portuguese

Pronunciation

Rhymes: -al

Noun

val m (plural vales)

Apocopic form of vale: valley
Synonym: vale

Romanian

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic валъ (valŭ), from Proto-Slavic *valъ. Compare Serbo-Croatian val; close to Albanian valë.

Noun

val n (plural valuri)

wave

Declension

Declension of val

	singular		plural
	indefinite articulation	definite articulation	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un) val	valul	(niște) valuri	valurile
genitive/dative	(unui) val	valului	(unor) valuri	valurilor
vocative	valule		valurilor

Synonyms

undă

Derived terms

învălura
învălui
vălări

Related terms

năvăli
prăvăli
valmă

Etymology 2

From Latin vallum (“wall, rampart”), probably a later borrowing; cf. German Wall, Italian vallo, also English wall.

Noun

val n (plural valuri)

earth rampart which served in antiquity as a military stronghold

Declension

Declension of val

	singular		plural
	indefinite articulation	definite articulation	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un) val	valul	(niște) valuri	valurile
genitive/dative	(unui) val	valului	(unor) valuri	valurilor
vocative	valule		valurilor

Romansch

Etymology

From Latin vallis, vallem.

Noun

val f (plural vals)

valley

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *valъ

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ʋâːl/

Noun

vȃl m (Cyrillic spelling ва̑л)

(regional, Croatia) wave (a long body of water curling into an arched form)

Declension

Declension of val

	singular	plural
nominative	val	valovi
genitive	vala	valova
dative	valu	valovima
accusative	val	valove
vocative	vale	valovi
locative	valu	valovima
instrumental	valom	valovima

Synonyms

tȁlās

Slovak

Etymology

From Middle High German wal, from Latin vallum.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [val]

Noun

val m

bulwark, rampart

Declension

Declension of val

	singular	plural
nominative	val	valy
genitive	valu	valov
dative	valu	valom
accusative	val	valy
locative	vrale	valoch
instrumental	valom	valmi

Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *valъ

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ʋáːl/

Noun

vȃl m inan

wave, undulation

Inflection

Masculine inan., hard o-stem, plural in -ôv-
nom. sing.	vál
gen. sing.	vála
	singular	dual	plural
nominative (imenovȃlnik)	vál	valôva	valôvi
genitive (rodȋlnik)	vála	valôv	valôv
dative (dajȃlnik)	válu	valôvoma	valôvom
accusative (tožȋlnik)	vál	valôva	valôve
locative (mẹ̑stnik)	válu	valôvih	valôvih
instrumental (orọ̑dnik)	válom	valôvoma	valôvi

Masculine inan., hard o-stem
nom. sing.	vál
gen. sing.	vála
	singular	dual	plural
nominative (imenovȃlnik)	vál	vála	váli
genitive (rodȋlnik)	vála	válov	válov
dative (dajȃlnik)	válu	váloma	válom
accusative (tožȋlnik)	vál	vála	vále
locative (mẹ̑stnik)	válu	válih	válih
instrumental (orọ̑dnik)	válom	váloma	váli

Derived terms

valováti
valovéti
valovíti
valôven

Spanish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈbal/ [ˈbal]
Rhymes: -al
Syllabification: val

Noun

val m (plural valles)

Apocopic form of valle valley

Derived terms

Valparaíso

Verb

val

Apocopic form of vale: is worth
mi casa y mi hogar cien doblas val. (val rhymes with hogar, assonant rhyme)
there's no place like home.

Usage notes

In Old Spanish, after the consonants /d/, /n/, /l/, /ʎ/, /ɾ/ and /θ/, a final /e/ was frequently elided, as in pid, vien, val, quier, faz, versus the modern forms of pide, viene, vale, quiere, and hace (in modern Spanish, a few apocopes following coronal consonants are still preserved: buen, gran, san, derived from bueno, grande, and santo).

Swedish

Etymology 1

From Old Swedish hval, from Old Norse hvalr, from Proto-Germanic *hwalaz, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kʷálos (“sheatfish”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /vɑːl/
audio (file)

Noun

val c

whale

Declension

Declension of val
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	val	valen	valar	valarna
Genitive	vals	valens	valars	valarnas

Etymology 2

From Old Norse val, related to the verb velja (“to choose”). Related to välja, vilja (English will).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /vɑːl/
audio (file)

Noun

val n

a choice
Du har inget val
You don't have a choice
an election[1]

Declension

Declension of val
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	val	valet	val	valen
Genitive	vals	valets	vals	valens

Etymology 3

From Old Norse valr (“the slain, the fallen”), from Proto-Germanic *walaz (“corpse, body; carnage”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /vɑːl/
audio (file)

Noun

(obsolete)

the fallen; casualties of a war or battle

Declension

Declension of val
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	val	valen	valar	valarna
Genitive	vals	valens	valars	valarnas

References

Government terms, Government Offices of Sweden

Anagrams

alv, lav

Venetian

Etymology

From Latin vallis, vallem.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /val/
Hyphenation: vàl

Noun

val f (plural val)

valley

Synonyms

vałe

Westrobothnian

Etymology

From Old Norse val, related to the verb velja (“to choose”).

Noun

val n

Choice, election.

Related terms

väli
vili

Verb

val (preterite vart, supine vorte)

Alternative spelling of wahl

Noun

val m

Alternative form of gval (etymology 1 & 2)

[1] Government terms, Government Offices of Sweden

val

English

Etymology

Noun

Anagrams

Afrikaans

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Aragonese

Etymology

Noun

Catalan

Pronunciation

Noun

Interjection

Verb

Further reading

Czech

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Further reading

Danish

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Noun

References

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Noun

References

Etymology 3

Noun

References

Dutch

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Noun

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Noun

Derived terms

Etymology 3

Verb

Etymology 4

Noun

Derived terms

Etymology 5

Noun

Anagrams

Faroese

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

French

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

See also

Further reading

Friulian

Etymology

Noun

Synonyms

Galician

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

References

Icelandic

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Derived terms