-auti
Lithuanian
Etymology
Possibly cognate with the similar suffix -uoti, corresponding to Latvian -uot, Old Prussian -aut, Proto-Slavic *-ovati.[1]
Suffix
-áuti (third-person present tense -áuja, third-person past tense -ãvo)
- Forms verbs from other parts of speech.
- grybas (“mushroom”) + -auti → grybauti (“to pick mushrooms”)
Conjugation
Conjugation of -auti
| singular (vienaskaita) | plural (daugiskaita) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person (pirmasis asmuo) | 2nd person (antrasis asmuo) | 3rd person (trečiasis asmuo) | 1st person (pirmasis asmuo) | 2nd person (antrasis asmuo) | 3rd person (trečiasis asmuo) | |||
| aš | tu | jis/ji | mes | jūs | jie/jos | |||
| indicative (tiesioginė nuosaka) | present (esamasis laikas) | -auju | -auji | -auja | -aujame, -aujam | -aujate, -aujat | -auja | |
| past (būtasis kartinis laikas) | -avau | -avai | -avo | -avome, -avom | -avote, -avot | -avo | ||
| past frequentative (būtasis dažninis laikas) | -audavau | -audavai | -audavo | -audavome, -audavom | -audavote, -audavot | -audavo | ||
| future (būsimasis laikas) | -ausiu | -ausi | -aus | -ausime, -ausim | -ausite, -ausit | -aus | ||
| subjunctive (tariamoji nuosaka) | -aučiau | -autum, -autumei | -autų | -autumėme, -autumėm, -autume | -autumėte, -autumėt | -autų | ||
| imperative (liepiamoji nuosaka) | — | -auk, -auki | te-auja, te-aujie | -aukime, -aukim | -aukite, -aukit | te-auja, te-aujie | ||
Participles of -auti
| Adjectival (dalyviai) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| active | passive | ||
| present | -aująs, -aujantis | -aujamas | |
| past | -avęs | -autas | |
| past frequentative | -audavęs | — | |
| future | -ausiąs, -ausiantis | -ausimas | |
| participle of necessity | — | -autinas | |
| Adverbial | |||
| special (pusdalyvis) | -audamas | ||
| half-participle (padalyviai) | present | -aujant | |
| past | -avus | ||
| past frequentative | -audavus | ||
| future | -ausiant | ||
| manner of action (būdinys) | -aute, -autinai | ||
Derived terms
Lithuanian words suffixed with -auti
References
- Frederik Kortlandt (1995), “Lithuanian verbs in -auti and -uoti”, in Linguistica Baltica, volume 4, pages 141—143