undra
Icelandic
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈʏntra/
- Rhymes: -ʏntra
Verb
undra (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative undraði, supine undrað)
- (transitive) to wonder at, to marvel at, to be amazed by
Conjugation
undra — active voice (germynd)
| infinitive (nafnháttur) | að undra | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| supine (sagnbót) | undrað | ||||
| present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) | undrandi | ||||
| indicative (framsöguháttur) | subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
| present (nútíð) | ég undra | við undrum | present (nútíð) | ég undri | við undrum |
| þú undrar | þið undrið | þú undrir | þið undrið | ||
| hann, hún, það undrar | þeir, þær, þau undra | hann, hún, það undri | þeir, þær, þau undri | ||
| past (þátíð) | ég undraði | við undruðum | past (þátíð) | ég undraði | við undruðum |
| þú undraðir | þið undruðuð | þú undraðir | þið undruðuð | ||
| hann, hún, það undraði | þeir, þær, þau undruðu | hann, hún, það undraði | þeir, þær, þau undruðu | ||
| imperative (boðháttur) | undra (þú) | undrið (þið) | |||
| Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
| undraðu | undriði * | ||||
| * Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. | |||||
undrast — mediopassive voice (miðmynd)
| infinitive (nafnháttur) | að undrast | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| supine (sagnbót) | undrast | ||||
| present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) | undrandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses | ||||
| indicative (framsöguháttur) | subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
| present (nútíð) | ég undrast | við undrumst | present (nútíð) | ég undrist | við undrumst |
| þú undrast | þið undrist | þú undrist | þið undrist | ||
| hann, hún, það undrast | þeir, þær, þau undrast | hann, hún, það undrist | þeir, þær, þau undrist | ||
| past (þátíð) | ég undraðist | við undruðumst | past (þátíð) | ég undraðist | við undruðumst |
| þú undraðist | þið undruðust | þú undraðist | þið undruðust | ||
| hann, hún, það undraðist | þeir, þær, þau undruðust | hann, hún, það undraðist | þeir, þær, þau undruðust | ||
| imperative (boðháttur) | undrast (þú) | undrist (þið) | |||
| Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
| undrastu | undristi * | ||||
| * Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. | |||||
Noun
undra
- indefinite genitive plural of undur
Norwegian Bokmål
Alternative forms
- undera, underne, undrene
Noun
undra n
- definite plural of under
Old Norse
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *wundrōną, denominal of *wundrą, whence Old Norse undr (“wonder”). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *wenh₁- (“to love”).
Verb
undra
- (transitive, with accusative) to wonder at
- (impersonal) to be astonished
- mik undrar
- it astonishes me
Conjugation
Conjugation of undra — active (weak class 2)
| infinitive | undra | |
|---|---|---|
| present participle | undrandi | |
| past participle | undraðr | |
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | undra | undraða |
| 2nd-person singular | undrar | undraðir |
| 3rd-person singular | undrar | undraði |
| 1st-person plural | undrum | undruðum |
| 2nd-person plural | undrið | undruðuð |
| 3rd-person plural | undra | undruðu |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | undra | undraða |
| 2nd-person singular | undrir | undraðir |
| 3rd-person singular | undri | undraði |
| 1st-person plural | undrim | undraðim |
| 2nd-person plural | undrið | undraðið |
| 3rd-person plural | undri | undraði |
| imperative | present | |
| 2nd-person singular | undra | |
| 1st-person plural | undrum | |
| 2nd-person plural | undrið | |
Conjugation of undra — mediopassive (weak class 2)
| infinitive | undrask | |
|---|---|---|
| present participle | undrandisk | |
| past participle | undrazk | |
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | undrumk | undruðumk |
| 2nd-person singular | undrask | undraðisk |
| 3rd-person singular | undrask | undraðisk |
| 1st-person plural | undrumsk | undruðumsk |
| 2nd-person plural | undrizk | undruðuzk |
| 3rd-person plural | undrask | undruðusk |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | undrumk | undruðumk |
| 2nd-person singular | undrisk | undraðisk |
| 3rd-person singular | undrisk | undraðisk |
| 1st-person plural | undrimsk | undraðimsk |
| 2nd-person plural | undrizk | undraðizk |
| 3rd-person plural | undrisk | undraðisk |
| imperative | present | |
| 2nd-person singular | undrask | |
| 1st-person plural | undrumsk | |
| 2nd-person plural | undrizk | |
Related terms
- undr n (“wonder”)
Descendants
- Icelandic: undra
- Faroese: undrast
- Norwegian Nynorsk: undra, undre; undrast
- Norwegian Bokmål: undre; undres
- Swedish: undra
- Danish: undre
References
- undra in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Swedish
Etymology
under + -a, from Old Norse undra.
Pronunciation
Audio (file)
Verb
undra (present undrar, preterite undrade, supine undrat, imperative undra)
- to wonder (to ponder about something)
Conjugation
Conjugation of undra (weak)
| Active | Passive | |
|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | undra | — |
| Present tense | undrar | — |
| Past tense | undrade | — |
| Supine | undrat | — |
| Imperative | undra | — |
| Present participle | undrande | |
| Past participle | — | |
Related terms
- beundra
- förundra
- undran