umlungu
English
Etymology
Borrowed from Zulu umlungu.
Noun
umlungu (plural umlungus or abelungu)
- (South Africa, often derogatory) white person
- 1992, Colin Bender, Makapan odyssey (page 166)
- No, the average Bantu always had a dilemma; live with the wild tribes and never know when some witchdoctor's tagati would strike him down; or live with the umlungus and respect his authority (and his sjambok).
- 1992, Colin Bender, Makapan odyssey (page 166)
Synonyms
- See Thesaurus:white person
Swazi
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *mʊ̀dʊ̀ngʊ̀, a variant of Proto-Bantu *mʊ̀jʊ́ngʊ̀.
Noun
úḿlungu class 1 (plural bélungu class 2)
- white person
Inflection
This entry needs an inflection-table template.
Xhosa
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *mʊ̀dʊ̀ngʊ̀, a variant of Proto-Bantu *mʊ̀jʊ́ngʊ̀.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [úḿ̩luːᵑɡṳ]
Noun
úḿlungu class 1 (plural ábélungu class 2)
- white person
Inflection
This entry needs an inflection-table template.
Zulu
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *mʊ̀dʊ̀ngʊ̀, a variant of Proto-Bantu *mʊ̀jʊ́ngʊ̀.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /uḿ̩luːnɡu/
Noun
uḿlungu class 1 (plural abélungu class 2)
- white person
Inflection
| Class 1/2 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Plural | |||
| Full form | umlungu | abelungu | ||
| Locative | kumlungu | kubelungu | ||
| Singular | Plural | |||
| Full form | umlungu | abelungu | ||
| Simple form | mlungu | belungu | ||
| Locative | kumlungu | kubelungu | ||
| Copulative | ngumlungu | ngabelungu | ||
| Possessive forms | ||||
| Singular | Plural | |||
| Modifier | Substantive | Modifier | Substantive | |
| Class 1 | womlungu | owomlungu | wabelungu | owabelungu |
| Class 2 | bomlungu | abomlungu | babelungu | ababelungu |
| Class 3 | womlungu | owomlungu | wabelungu | owabelungu |
| Class 4 | yomlungu | eyomlungu | yabelungu | eyabelungu |
| Class 5 | lomlungu | elomlungu | labelungu | elabelungu |
| Class 6 | omlungu | awomlungu | abelungu | awabelungu |
| Class 7 | somlungu | esomlungu | sabelungu | esabelungu |
| Class 8 | zomlungu | ezomlungu | zabelungu | ezabelungu |
| Class 9 | yomlungu | eyomlungu | yabelungu | eyabelungu |
| Class 10 | zomlungu | ezomlungu | zabelungu | ezabelungu |
| Class 11 | lomlungu | olomlungu | lwabelungu | olwabelungu |
| Class 14 | bomlungu | obomlungu | babelungu | obabelungu |
| Class 15 | komlungu | okomlungu | kwabelungu | okwabelungu |
| Class 17 | komlungu | okomlungu | kwabelungu | okwabelungu |
Derived terms
- isilungu
- ubulungu
References
- C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), “-lungu”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “-lungu (3.2.9.9)”