aust
See also: Aust
Estonian
Noun
aust
- elative singular of au
Latvian
Etymology 1
From an earlier *aus-ti, from Proto-Baltic *aus-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ews- (“to shine”). Cognates include Lithuanian aũšti (< *austi), Old Church Slavonic за устра (za ustra, “early in the morning”), Hittite au(š)- (“to see, to watch”), Sanskrit उच्छति (uccháti, “to dawn”), उषस् (uṣás), उसृ (usṛ́, “dawn, morning”), Ancient Greek ἠώς (ēṓs) (< *h₂éwsōs), Latin aurōra (< *ausōsā).[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [àwst]
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Verb
aust
- 3rd person singular present indicative form of aust
- 3rd person plural present indicative form of aust
- (with the particle lai) 3rd person singular imperative form of aust
- (with the particle lai) 3rd person plural imperative form of aust
aust (intr., 1st conj., only 3rd person, pres. aust, past ausa)
- (of time period) to dawn (to become light at the beginning of the day)
- rīts ausa lēni ― the morning dawned slowly
- lieliskā spožumā aust jaunā diena ― in great splendor dawns the new day
- (of light, light sources) to dawn, to appear slowly (in the sky)
- austrumos ausa gaisma ― the light dawned in the east
- austošā saule ― the dawning sun
- zvaigznes aust ― the stars are dawning (= appearing)
- tur ausa vēlīns pavasara mēness ― there dawned (= appeared) the belated spring moon
- (figuratively) to appear, to begin
- no padomēm mums brīve ausa! ― from the councils liberty dawned to us!
- acīs meitenēm aust mīlas smaids ― a lovely smile dawned in the girls' eyes
- (rare, of memories) to come back, to reach awareness
- atmiņā aust bijušās dienas ― the past days are dawning in (one's) memory
Conjugation
conjugation of aust
| INDICATIVE (īstenības izteiksme) | IMPERATIVE (pavēles izteiksme) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (tagadne) | Past (pagātne) | Future (nākotne) | |||
| 1st pers. sg. | es | — | — | — | — |
| 2nd pers. sg. | tu | — | — | — | — |
| 3rd pers. sg. | viņš, viņa | aust | ausa | ausīs | lai aust |
| 1st pers. pl. | mēs | — | — | — | — |
| 2nd pers. pl. | jūs | — | — | — | — |
| 3rd pers. pl. | viņi, viņas | aust | ausa | ausīs | lai aust |
| RENARRATIVE (atstāstījuma izteiksme) | PARTICIPLES (divdabji) | ||||
| Present | austot | Present Active 1 (Adj.) | austošs | ||
| Past | esot ausis | Present Active 2 (Adv.) | ausdams | ||
| Future | ausīšot | Present Active 3 (Adv.) | austot | ||
| Imperative | lai austot | Present Active 4 (Obj.) | austam | ||
| CONDITIONAL (vēlējuma izteiksme) | Past Active | ausis | |||
| Present | austu | Present Passive | — | ||
| Past | būtu ausis | Past Passive | — | ||
| DEBITIVE (vajadzības izteiksme) | NOMINAL FORMS | ||||
| Indicative | (būt) jāaust | Infinitive (nenoteiksme) | aust | ||
| Conjunctive 1 | esot jāaust | Negative Infinitive | neaust | ||
| Conjunctive 2 | jāaustot | Verbal noun | aušana | ||
Derived terms
- prefixed verbs:
- aizaust
- ataust
- izaust
- paaust
- uzaust
Related terms
- ausma, rītausma
- (poetic) austra
- austrumi
Etymology 2
From earlier *aus-ti, from Proto-Baltic *aud-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ew-dʰ-, from *h₂ew- (“to braid, to weave”) (earlier “to tie, to bind”), with an extension in *-dʰ-. The present form comes from *aud-yō > *aužuo > aužu. Cognates include Lithuanian áusti, Proto-Slavic *usti (Russian dialectal усло (uslo, “a started fabric, canvas”)), Sanskrit ओतुः (ótuḥ, “tissue; web”).[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [âwst]
| (file) |
Verb
aust (tr., 1st conj., pres. aužu, aud, auž, past aužu)
- to weave (to produce fabric from thread in a loom)
- aust linu audeklu ― to weave linen cloth
- aust kokvilnas audumus ― to weave cotton fabric
- aužamās stelles ― (weaving) loom
- fabrikas audējas auž jaunu vilnas kleitu drānu ― the factory weaves weave a new dress cloth/fabric
- aust šitās meitas vairs neprata, vērpt negribēja ― these girls can't weave anymore, and they don't want to spin (either)
- to weave (to produce fabric, cloth for a certain object; to produce fabric, cloth with certain patterns)
- aust dvieļus, maisus ― to weave towels, sacks
- aust linus, vilnu ― to weave linen (flax), wool
- es aužu linu kreklu ― I am weaving a linen shirt
- tie senos rakstus auž, ko tēvi auduši ― there they weave the old symbols/patterns that (our) fathers (= ancestors) (used to) weave
- to weave (to make a mesh, a net, a web; also of spiders)
- zvejnieks laivā tīklus auž ― the fisherman is in (his) boat weaving his net
- zirneklis auž tīklu ― the spider is weaving (its) web
Conjugation
conjugation of aust
| INDICATIVE (īstenības izteiksme) | IMPERATIVE (pavēles izteiksme) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (tagadne) | Past (pagātne) | Future (nākotne) | |||
| 1st pers. sg. | es | aužu | audu | audīšu | — |
| 2nd pers. sg. | tu | aud | audi | audīsi | aud |
| 3rd pers. sg. | viņš, viņa | auž | auda | audīs | lai auž |
| 1st pers. pl. | mēs | aužam | audām | audīsim | audīsim |
| 2nd pers. pl. | jūs | aužat | audāt | audīsiet, audīsit | audiet |
| 3rd pers. pl. | viņi, viņas | auž | auda | audīs | lai auž |
| RENARRATIVE (atstāstījuma izteiksme) | PARTICIPLES (divdabji) | ||||
| Present | aužot | Present Active 1 (Adj.) | audošs | ||
| Past | esot audis | Present Active 2 (Adv.) | auzdams | ||
| Future | audīšot | Present Active 3 (Adv.) | aužot | ||
| Imperative | lai aužot | Present Active 4 (Obj.) | aužam | ||
| CONDITIONAL (vēlējuma izteiksme) | Past Active | audis | |||
| Present | austu | Present Passive | aužams | ||
| Past | būtu audis | Past Passive | austs | ||
| DEBITIVE (vajadzības izteiksme) | NOMINAL FORMS | ||||
| Indicative | (būt) jāauž | Infinitive (nenoteiksme) | aust | ||
| Conjunctive 1 | esot jāauž | Negative Infinitive | neaust | ||
| Conjunctive 2 | jāaužot | Verbal noun | aušana | ||
Synonyms
- pīt
- vīt
Derived terms
- prefixed verbs:
- aizaust
- apaust
- ieaust
- izaust
- noaust
- paaust
- pāraust
- pieaust
- saaust
- uzaust
- other derived terms:
- audējs, audēja
- audums
References
- Karulis, Konstantīns (1992), “aust”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
Norwegian Bokmål
Etymology
From Old Norse austr.
Noun
aust (indeclinable) (uncountable)
- alternative form of øst
Derived terms
- austside
- nordaust
- søraust
Adverb
aust
- alternative form of øst
References
- “aust” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /œʊ̯st/, /œʊ̯ːst/
Etymology 1
From Old Norse austr, from Proto-Germanic *austrą.
Noun
aust (indeclinable) (uncountable)
- east
- Ved soloppgang står sola i aust.
- The Sun is in the east at sunrise.
Derived terms
- Austlandet
- austlending
- austmann
- austre
- austside
- Aust-Timor
- nordaust
- søraust
- øystre
Etymology 2
From Old Norse austr.
Adverb
aust
- east
References
- “aust” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Westrobothnian
Etymology
From Old Norse austr, from Proto-Germanic *austrą.
Noun
aust (indeclinable) (uncountable)
- East.
Adverb
aust (comparative eystr, superlative eystrst)
- East.[1]
- austʼǫ́ ― on the eastern part of
- austʼǫ́t ― towards the eastern part of
- austʼet ― along the eastern part of
- austʼí ― in the eastern part of
- eystrstʼí ― in the easternmost part of
- eystrʼum ― east of
Related terms
- austa
References
- Marklund, Thorsten, 1986, Skelleftemålet: grammatik och ordlista : för lekmän - av lekman [The Skellefteå speech: grammar and vocabulary: for laymen - by a layman], →ISBN, page 72