u-

See also: Appendix:Variations of "u"

Translingual

Etymology

Typographical substitution for μ, in environments where the correct symbol is not available.

Prefix

u-

Alternative form of μ- as an abbreviation of micro-, mikro-, микро- etc.

Basque

Prefix

u-

combining form of ur (“water”)

Chuukese

Prefix

u-

(subject marker for tense modifying pronouns) I

Czech

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Prefix

u-

(away) from
‎u- + ‎stoupit (“step”) → ‎ustoupit (“yield”)
(inchoative)
(telicity)
‎u- + ‎vidět (“see”) → ‎uvidět (“catch sight out of”)
added to mean a bit
‎u- + ‎lít (“pour”) → ‎ulít (“pour off a little”)
(u- + imperfective base + se) intensification: until exhaustion, expressing final stage of a process. (collocates with k smrti (“to death”))
‎u- + ‎kašlat (“have a cough”) → ‎ukašlat se (“die of coughing”)
‎u- + ‎smát se (“laugh”) → ‎usmát se (“die of laughing”)
‎u- + ‎trápit se (“grieve”) → ‎utrápit se (“die of grief”)
(on perfective verbs) unintentionally, inadvertently, by mistake
‎u- + ‎řeknout (“say once”) → ‎uřeknout (“misspeak, say unintentionally once”)
(root modality) [i.e., deontic + dynamic modality: ability, obligation, permission, readiness]
‎u- + ‎zvednout (“lift”) → ‎uzvednout (“be able to lift”)
‎u- + ‎nést (“carry”) → ‎unést (“be able to carry”)
to gain by activity
‎u- + ‎šetřit (“to save”) → ‎ušetřit (“to save up”)
ušetřit peníze. ― to save money.

Derived terms

Czech terms prefixed with u-

Derived terms

ubalit
ubít
ubytovat
udobřit
udělat
udusit
uhasit
uchopit
ujít
ukázat
ukamenovat
uklouznout
ukolébat
ukonejšit
ukořistit
ukrást
ukrýt
ulehčit
ulevit
ulomit
ulovit
umínit
umřít
unést
uplavat
uplést
upozornit
upravit
urazit
uronit
useknout
usnadnit
usnout
uspat
uspořádat
ustát
uštědřit
uštěpačný
utancovat
utlouct
utnout
utopit
utrhnout
utrpení
utrpět

Danish

Prefix

u-

in-, un-, non-; (prefix meaning not, reversing the meaning)

Synonyms

a-
i-
ikke-

Derived terms

Danish terms prefixed with u-

Kamba

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *ʊ́-.

Prefix

u-

you singular (used for conjugating verbs to the subjective or nominative case of the personal pronoun)

Kambera

Pronoun

u-

Alternative form of mu-

Maquiritari

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [u-]

Prefix

u-

Allomorph of y- (first-person prefix) used for stems that begin with two consonants and have a first vowel u.

Inflection

Maquiritari personal markers (Ye’kwana dialect)

	pronoun	noun possessor/ series II verb argument		postposition object		series I verb argument
	pronoun	noun possessor/ series II verb argument		postposition object		transitive patient	intransitive patient-like		intransitive agent-like	transitive agent
first person	ewü	y-, ∅-, ü-, u-						w-, wi-
first person dual inclusive	küwü	k-, kü-, ku-, ki-								k-, kii-, ki-
second person	amödö	ö-, öy-, o-, oy-, a-, ay-							m-, mi-
first person dual exclusive	nña	y-, ch-, ∅-, i-			chö-	∅-	n-, ni-
third person	tüwü	y-, ch-, ∅-, i-			chö-	n-, ni-	n-, ni-
distant past third person	tüwü	—				kün-, kun-, kin-, ken-, küm-, kum-, kim-, kini-
coreferential/reflexive	—	t-, tü-, tu-, ti-, te-				—
reciprocal	—	—	öö-


	series I verb argument: transitive agent and transitive patient
first person > second person	mön-, man-, mon-, möm-, möni-
first person dual exclusive > second person	mön-, man-, mon-, möm-, möni-
second person > first person	k-, kü-, ku-, ki-
second person > first person dual exclusive	k-, kü-, ku-, ki-
third person > any person X …or… any person X > third person	see person X in the chart above

Northern Ndebele

Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu *ʊ̀-.

Prefix

u- (medial wu-)

you, thou; second-person singular subject concord.

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Prefix

u-

Class 1a noun prefix.

Etymology 3

From Proto-Bantu *ʊ́-.

Prefix

u- (medial ka-)

he, she, it; class 1 subject concord.

Etymology 4

From Proto-Bantu *gʊ́-.

Prefix

u- (medial wu-)

he, she, it; class 3 subject concord.

Prefix

u-

Class 11 noun prefix; form of ulu- used before stems of more than one syllable.

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse ú-, ó-, from Proto-Germanic *un-, from Proto-Indo-European *n̥-, a prefix use of the particle *ne (“not”). Doublet of a-.

Prefix

u-

un-, (in certain cases) im-
an abbreviation of certain words beginning with "u"

Derived terms

Norwegian Bokmål terms prefixed with u-

References

“u-” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse ú- or ó-, English un-, German un-. With the intensifying function probably influenced by ov-.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ʉː/

Prefix

u-

un- (not)
flaks → uflaks
luck → bad luck
used to create an undesired version of the following noun
vêr → uvêr
weather → severe weather
tid → utid
time → inconvenient time
used to strengthen/intensify the following noun
tal → utal
number → huge number
an abbreviation of certain words beginning with "u"

Derived terms

Norwegian Nynorsk terms prefixed with u-

References

“u-” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *u-.

Prefix

u-

Perfective prefix.
‎u- + ‎wiązać → ‎uwiązać

Derived terms

Old Polish terms prefixed with u-

Phuthi

Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu *ʊ̀-.

Prefix

u- (medial wu-)

you, thou; second-person singular subject concord.

Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *ʊ́-.

Prefix

u- (medial ka-)

he, she, it; class 1 subject concord.

Etymology 3

From Proto-Bantu *gʊ́-.

Prefix

u- (medial wu-)

he, she, it; class 3 subject concord.

Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish u-, from Proto-Slavic *u-.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /u/
Audio (file)
Rhymes: -u
Syllabification: u

Prefix

u-

Appears in front of some verbs meaning: to make something behave in a certain way, en-, be-, make
‎u- + ‎łatwy → ‎ułatwiać
Synonym: o-
Perfective prefix
‎u- + ‎bóść → ‎ubóść
added to mean "a bit"
‎u- + ‎lać → ‎ulać
added to mean away
‎u- + ‎iść → ‎ujść
(rare) added to mean successfully, often without an imperfective counterpart
‎u- + ‎ciągnąć → ‎uciągnąć
‎u- + ‎rzucić → ‎urzucić

Derived terms

Polish terms prefixed with u-

Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *u-. Prefixed form of the preposition u.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /u-/

Prefix

u-

Forms perfective verbs with the following meanings:
1. (no change in meaning)
  ‎u- + ‎branīti (“to defend”) → ‎ubranīti (“to defend”)
2. away
  ‎u- + ‎téči (“to run”) → ‎utéči (“to run away, escape”)
3. (reflexive) to make a mistake while
  ‎u- + ‎štẹ́ti (“to count”) → ‎uštẹ́ti (“to miscount”)

Derived terms

Slovene terms prefixed with u-

Southern Ndebele

Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu *ʊ̀-.

Prefix

u- (medial wu-)

you, thou; second-person singular subject concord.

Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *ʊ́-.

Prefix

u- (medial ka-)

he, she, it; class 1 subject concord.

Etymology 3

From Proto-Bantu *gʊ́-.

Prefix

u- (medial wu-)

he, she, it; class 3 subject concord.

Swahili

Alternative forms

w- (before a vowel)

Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu *dʊ̀-.

Prefix

u- (plural n-)

The prefix for noun class 11 denoting natural objects or extensions.

Derived terms

Swahili terms prefixed with u-

Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *bʊ̀-.

Prefix

u- (usually uncountable, irregular plural ma-)

The prefix for noun class 14 denoting abstract qualities or collections of small things; -ness or -ity.

Usage notes

Used to form the names of countries.

Derived terms

Swahili terms prefixed with u-

Swazi

Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu *ʊ̀-.

Prefix

u- (medial wu-)

you, thou; second-person singular subject concord.

Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *ʊ́-.

Prefix

u- (medial ka-)

he, she, it; class 1 subject concord.

Etymology 3

From Proto-Bantu *gʊ́-.

Prefix

u- (medial wu-)

he, she, it; class 3 subject concord.

Taos

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ʔu/

Prefix

u-

(transitive) Third person singular subject + third person duoplural object.

Tlingit

Prefix

u-

Marks the irrealis mood

Xhosa

Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu *ʊ̀-.

Prefix

u- (medial wu-)

you, thou; second-person singular subject concord.

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Prefix

u-

Class 1a noun prefix.

Etymology 3

From Proto-Bantu *ʊ́-.

Prefix

u- (medial ka-)

he, she, it; class 1 subject concord.

Etymology 4

From Proto-Bantu *gʊ́-.

Prefix

u- (medial wu-)

he, she, it; class 3 subject concord.

Prefix

u-

Class 11 noun prefix; form of ulu- used before stems of more than one syllable.

Yoruba

Alternative forms

ì-

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ù/

Prefix

ù-

(CY, SEY) abstract or instrument nominalizing prefix

Usage notes

Forms both abstract and concrete nouns:

ù + gwẹ̀ "to swim" → ùgwẹ̀ "swimming"
ù + gbálẹ̀ "to sweep floor" → ùgbálẹ̀ "broom"

Derived terms

Yoruba terms prefixed with u- (nominalizing prefix)

Alternative forms

i-

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ū/

Prefix

u-

(CY, SEY) non-gerundive nominalizing prefix
‎u- + ‎kú (“to die”) → ‎ukú (“death”)

Derived terms

Yoruba terms prefixed with u-

Zulu

Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu *ʊ̀-.

Prefix

u- (medial wu-)

you, thou; second-person singular subject concord.

Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *ʊ́-. This noun class is marked simply with the class 1 augment and a null prefix.

Prefix

ú-

Class 1a noun prefix.

Etymology 3

From Proto-Bantu *ʊ́-.

Prefix

ú- (medial ká-)

he, she, it; class 1 subject concord.

Etymology 4

From Proto-Bantu *gʊ́-.

Prefix

ú- (medial wú-)

he, she, it; class 3 subject concord.

Etymology 5

Contracted from earlier úlu-, from Proto-Bantu *dʊ́-dʊ̀-.

Prefix

û-

Class 11 noun prefix.

References

C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), “u-”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “u-”

u-

Translingual

Etymology

Prefix

Basque

Prefix

Chuukese

Prefix

Czech

Etymology

Prefix

Derived terms

Further reading

Danish

Prefix

Synonyms

Derived terms

Kamba

Etymology

Prefix

Kambera

Pronoun

See also

Maquiritari

Pronunciation

Prefix

Inflection

Northern Ndebele

Etymology 1

Prefix

Etymology 2

Prefix

Etymology 3

Prefix

Etymology 4

Prefix

Prefix

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

Prefix

Derived terms

References

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

Pronunciation

Prefix

Derived terms

References

Old Polish

Etymology

Prefix

Derived terms

Phuthi

Etymology 1

Prefix

Etymology 2

Prefix

Etymology 3

Prefix

Polish

Etymology

Pronunciation

Prefix

Derived terms

Further reading

Slovene

Etymology

Pronunciation

Prefix

Derived terms

Southern Ndebele

Etymology 1

Prefix

Etymology 2

Prefix

Etymology 3

Prefix

Swahili

Alternative forms

Etymology 1