tú
Aragonese
Etymology
From Latin tu Akin to Spanish tú and Portuguese tu.
Pronoun
tú
- you, thou (second-person singular pronoun)
Chiricahua
Alternative forms
- tó (Chiricahua)
Noun
tú
- (Mescalero) water
References
- Marianna Di Paolo, Arthur K. Spears, Languages and Dialects in the U.S.: Focus on Diversity (2014, →ISBN, page 38 (citing Hoijer 1938)
Faroese
Etymology
From Old Norse þú, from Proto-Germanic *þū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [tʰʉuː(w)]
- in the phrase "ert tú": IPA(key): [ˈɛɻ̊ʈʉuː]
Pronoun
tú
- you, thou
- ert tú eingilskmaður/onglendingur? ― are you an Englishman?
- ert tú amerikanari? ― are you an American?
- ert tú føroyingur? ― are you Faroese?
- ert tú týskari? ― are you a German?
- ert tú dani? ― are you a Dane?
- ert tú norðmaður? ― are you a Norwegian?
- ert tú íslendingur? ― are you an Icelander?
- ert tú svii/svíi? ― are you a Swede?
Usage notes
The informal tú form is correct among younger people and non-foreigners. The very formal form is tygum.
Declension
Personal pronouns (Persónsfornøvn) | |||||
Singular (eintal) | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person masc. | 3rd person fem. | 3rd person neut. |
Nominative (hvørfall) | eg, jeg | tú | hann | hon | tað |
Accusative (hvønnfall) | meg, mjeg | teg, tjeg | hana | ||
Dative (hvørjumfall) | mær | tær | honum | henni | tí |
Genitive (hvørsfall) | mín | tín | hansara, hans† | hennara, hennar† | tess |
Plural (fleirtal) | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person masc. | 3rd person fem. | 3rd person neut. |
Nominative (hvørfall) | vit | tit | teir | tær | tey |
Accusative (hvønnfall) | okkum | tykkum | |||
Dative (hvørjumfall) | teimum, teim† | ||||
Genitive (hvørsfall) | okkara | tykkara | teirra |
Derived terms
- túa
Irish
Etymology
From Old Irish tú, from Proto-Celtic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /t̪ˠuː/
Pronoun
tú (emphatic form tusa, conjunctive)
- you (singular), thou
Usage notes
- Unlike many European languages, Irish does not distinguish between "familiar" and "polite" second-person pronouns. Tú is used to address any one person, regardless of how well known that person is to the speaker.
- The emphatic form tusa is also used as the vocative: Haigh tusa! — "Hey you!"
Related terms
- thú (disjunctive)
See also
Number | Person (and gender) | Conjunctive (emphatic) | Disjunctive (emphatic) | Possessive determiner |
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | First | mé (mise) | mo L m' before vowel sounds | |
Second | tú (tusa)1 | thú (thusa) | do L d' before vowel sounds | |
Third masculine | sé (seisean) | é (eisean) | a L | |
Third feminine | sí (sise) | í (ise) | a H | |
Third neuter | — | ea | — | |
Plural | First | muid, sinn (muidne, muide), (sinne) | ár E | |
Second | sibh (sibhse)1 | bhur E | ||
Third | siad (siadsan) | iad (iadsan) | a E |
L Triggers lenition E Triggers eclipsis H Triggers h-prothesis
1 Also used as the vocative
The reflexive is formed by adding féin to the relevant pronoun: e.g. "myself" = mé féin, "yourselves" = sibh féin.References
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “tú”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “tú”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Kambera
Verb
tú
- (transitive) to put
References
- Marian Klamer (1998) A Grammar of Kambera, Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 199
Ladino
Etymology
From Latin tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.
Pronoun
tú (Latin spelling, Hebrew spelling טו)
- you (singular)
Mandarin
Pronunciation
audio (file)
Romanization
tú (tu2, Zhuyin ㄊㄨˊ)
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 凃.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 啙.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 圖/图, 圗, 図, 图.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 塗/涂.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 宊.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 屠.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 峹.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 嵞.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 庩.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 徒.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 怢.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 悂.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 捈.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 揬.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 梌.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 涂.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 湥.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 潳.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 瑹.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 瘏.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 稌.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 突.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 筡.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 腞.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 腯.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 荼.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 菞.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 葖.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 蒤.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 跌.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 跿.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 途.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 酴.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鈯.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鍎.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 馟.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 駼/𬳿.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鵅/𱉮.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鵚/𪉍.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鶟/𱊖.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鷋/𱊠.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鷵/𱊩.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鼵.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 凃.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 啙.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 塗/涂.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 宊.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 屠.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 峹.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 嵞.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 庩.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 徒.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 怢.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 悂.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 捈.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 揬.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 梌.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 涂.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 湥.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 潳.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 瑹.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 瘏.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 稌.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 突.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 筡.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 腞.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 腯.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 荼.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 菞.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 葖.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 蒤.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 跌.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 跿.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 途.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 酴.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鈯.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鍎.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 馟.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 駼/𬳿.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鵅/𱉮.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鵚/𪉍.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鶟/𱊖.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鷋/𱊠.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鷵/𱊩.
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鼵.
Min Nan
For pronunciation and definitions of tú – see 拄 (“to prop; to support; to lean on; to be propped up; etc.”). (This character, tú, is the Pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 拄.) |
Old Irish
Etymology
From Proto-Celtic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂ (compare Ancient Greek σύ (sú), Latin tū, Old Church Slavonic тꙑ (ty), Gothic 𐌸𐌿 (þu), Welsh ti).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /tuː/
Pronoun
tú (genitive taí)
- you (singular nominative), thou
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 5b28
- Ní tú nod·n-ail, acht is hé not·ail.
- It is not you that nourishes it, but it that nourishes you.
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 92a17
- Bed indbadigthi .i. bed chuintechti .i. cid fáilte ad·cot-sa ⁊ du·ngnéu, is túsu immid·folngi dam, a Dǽ; cid indeb dano ad·cot, is tú, Dǽ, immid·folngi dam.
- To be enriched, i.e. to be sought, i.e. though it is joy that I obtain and make, it is you who effects it for me, O God; so too, though it is wealth that I obtain, it is you, God, who effects it for me.
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 5b28
Derived terms
- tussu (emphatic)
Descendants
- Irish: tú
- Manx: oo
- Scottish Gaelic: thu
Mutation
Old Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
tú | thú | tú pronounced with /d(ʲ)-/ |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “tú”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Sarcee
Etymology
Cognate with Navajo tó
Noun
tú
- water
Spanish
Etymology
From Latin tū, from Proto-Italic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂ (whence English thou).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtu/ [ˈt̪u]
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -u
- Syllabification: tú
- Homophone: tu
Pronoun
tú
- Second person pronoun in singular tense (informal communication in Spain and Mexico). you
- Synonym: (in and near Argentina) vos
Usage notes
- When more pronouns are included in the same sentence, it is considered impolite to say the pronoun yo at first, it must be the last one, and tú must be said after any third person (this applies also for ti and mí):
- Iremos Rosa, tú y yo. ― Rosa, you and I will go.
Derived terms
- tutear (verb)
- tuteo m
- ¿tú y cuántos más?
- yo que tú
Descendants
- Chavacano: tu
See also
- usted (formal communication)
nominative | dative | accusative | disjunctive | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first person | singular | yo | me | mí1 | |||
plural | masculine2 | nosotros | nos | nosotros | |||
feminine | nosotras | nosotras | |||||
second person | singular | tuteo | tú | te | ti1 | ||
voseo | vos | vos | |||||
formal3 | usted | le, se4 | lo/la5 | usted | |||
plural | familiar6 | masculine2 | vosotros | os | vosotros | ||
feminine | vosotras | vosotras | |||||
formal/general3 | ustedes | les, se4 | los/las5 | ustedes | |||
third person | singular | masculine2 | él | le, se4 | lo | él | |
feminine | ella | la | ella | ||||
neuter | ello7 | lo | ello | ||||
plural | masculine2 | ellos | les, se4 | los | ellos | ||
feminine | ellas | las | ellas | ||||
reflexive | — | se | sí1 |
- Not used with con; conmigo, contigo, and consigo are used instead, respectively
- Like other masculine Spanish words, masculine Spanish pronouns can be used when the gender of the subject is unknown or when the subject is plural and of mixed gender.
- Treated as if it were third-person for purposes of conjugation and reflexivity
- If le or les precedes lo, la, los, or las in a clause, it is replaced with se (e.g., Se lo dije instead of Le lo dije)
- Depending on the implicit gender of the object being referred to
- Used primarily in Spain
- Used only in rare circumstances
Further reading
- “tú”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Western Apache
Alternative forms
- tóo
Etymology
From Proto-Athabaskan *tʊ.
Noun
tú
- water
ǁAni
Etymology
From Proto-Khoe *tú (“rain; to rain”).
Noun
tú
- rain
References
- https://starling.rinet.ru/