témoigner
French
Etymology
From Middle French tesmoigner, from Old French tesmoignier, from tesmoing.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /te.mwa.ɲe/
audio (file)
Verb
témoigner
- (intransitive) to witness, to be a witness at or for
- (transitive) to demonstrate, show, or prove something
- Synonym: démontrer
- Je leur ai acheté un petit cadeau pour leur témoigner ma gratitude.
- I bought them a little gift to show my gratitude.
Conjugation
Conjugation of témoigner (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | témoigner | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | témoignant /te.mwa.ɲɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | témoigné /te.mwa.ɲe/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | témoigne /te.mwaɲ/ | témoignes /te.mwaɲ/ | témoigne /te.mwaɲ/ | témoignons /te.mwa.ɲɔ̃/ | témoignez /te.mwa.ɲe/ | témoignent /te.mwaɲ/ |
| imperfect | témoignais /te.mwa.ɲɛ/ | témoignais /te.mwa.ɲɛ/ | témoignait /te.mwa.ɲɛ/ | témoignions /te.mwa.ɲjɔ̃/ | témoigniez /te.mwa.ɲje/ | témoignaient /te.mwa.ɲɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | témoignai /te.mwa.ɲe/ | témoignas /te.mwa.ɲa/ | témoigna /te.mwa.ɲa/ | témoignâmes /te.mwa.ɲam/ | témoignâtes /te.mwa.ɲat/ | témoignèrent /te.mwa.ɲɛʁ/ | |
| future | témoignerai /te.mwa.ɲə.ʁe/ | témoigneras /te.mwa.ɲə.ʁa/ | témoignera /te.mwa.ɲə.ʁa/ | témoignerons /te.mwa.ɲə.ʁɔ̃/ | témoignerez /te.mwa.ɲə.ʁe/ | témoigneront /te.mwa.ɲə.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | témoignerais /te.mwa.ɲə.ʁɛ/ | témoignerais /te.mwa.ɲə.ʁɛ/ | témoignerait /te.mwa.ɲə.ʁɛ/ | témoignerions /te.mwa.ɲə.ʁjɔ̃/ | témoigneriez /te.mwa.ɲə.ʁje/ | témoigneraient /te.mwa.ɲə.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | témoigne /te.mwaɲ/ | témoignes /te.mwaɲ/ | témoigne /te.mwaɲ/ | témoignions /te.mwa.ɲjɔ̃/ | témoigniez /te.mwa.ɲje/ | témoignent /te.mwaɲ/ |
| imperfect2 | témoignasse /te.mwa.ɲas/ | témoignasses /te.mwa.ɲas/ | témoignât /te.mwa.ɲa/ | témoignassions /te.mwa.ɲa.sjɔ̃/ | témoignassiez /te.mwa.ɲa.sje/ | témoignassent /te.mwa.ɲas/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | témoigne /te.mwaɲ/ | — | témoignons /te.mwa.ɲɔ̃/ | témoignez /te.mwa.ɲe/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
- témoignage
- témoin
Further reading
- “témoigner”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.