tvaṃ
Pali
Alternative forms
Alternative forms
- 𑀢𑁆𑀯𑀁 (Brahmi script)
- त्वं (Devanagari script)
- ত্ৰং (Bengali script)
- ත්වං (Sinhalese script)
- တွံ (Burmese script)
- ตฺวํ or ตวัง (Thai script)
- ᨲ᩠ᩅᩴ (Tai Tham script)
- ຕ຺ວໍ or ຕວັງ or ຕ໌ວັງ (Lao script)
- ត្វំ (Khmer script)
- 𑄖𑄳𑄤𑄁 (Chakma script)
Etymology
Inherited from Sanskrit त्वम् (tvam).
Pronoun
tvaṃ
- thou, you
- tvaṃ atibālo asi ― you are very foolish
Usage notes
The plural may also be used as a mark of respect.
The forms te and vo are not used at the start of a phrase, and generally refer back to someone previously mentioned.
Declension
Declension table of "tvaṃ"
| Case \\ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | tvaṃ or tuvaṃ | tumhe |
| Accusative (second) | taṃ or tvaṃ or tuvaṃ | tumhe or vo |
| Instrumental (third) | tayā or te | tumhehi or vo |
| Dative (fourth) | tava or tuyhaṃ or tumhaṃ or te | tumhākaṃ or tumhaṃ or vo |
| Ablative (fifth) | tvayā | tumhehi |
| Genitive (sixth) | tava or tuyhaṃ or tumhaṃ or te | tumhākaṃ or tumhaṃ or vo |
| Locative (seventh) | tayi | tumhesu |
References
- Pali Text Society (1921-1925), “tvaŋ”, in Pali-English Dictionary, London: Chipstead