turpa
Esperanto
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin turpis. Compare Italian turpe, French turpide, turpe, English turpid.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈturpa]
- Rhymes: -urpa
- Hyphenation: tur‧pa
Adjective
turpa
- (literary) very ugly
- Synonym: malbelega
- Hyponym: hida
Finnish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈturpɑ/, [ˈt̪urpɑ]
- Rhymes: -urpɑ
- Syllabification(key): tur‧pa
Etymology 1
From Proto-Finnic *turpa, from Proto-Finno-Ugric *turpa. Cognates include Erzya турва (turva, “lip”), Western Mari тӱрвӧ (türvö, “lip”), Udmurt тырпы (tyrpy, “lip”), and Komi-Permyak тырп (tyrp, “lip”).
Noun
turpa
- muzzle (protruding part of an ungulate's head)
- see also kuono
- (colloquial, mildly vulgar) mouth, face, trap
- Pidä turpasi kiinni!
- Keep your mouth shut!
- Turpa kiinni!
- Shut your trap!
Usage notes
- In Finnish the word turpa is chiefly used of the muzzle of herbivores, whereas kuono refers to carnivores. The snout of a pig and the trunk of e.g. an elephant are called kärsä.
Declension
| Inflection of turpa (Kotus type 10*E/koira, p-v gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | turpa | turvat | |
| genitive | turvan | turpien | |
| partitive | turpaa | turpia | |
| illative | turpaan | turpiin | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | turpa | turvat | |
| accusative | nom. | turpa | turvat |
| gen. | turvan | ||
| genitive | turvan | turpien turpainrare | |
| partitive | turpaa | turpia | |
| inessive | turvassa | turvissa | |
| elative | turvasta | turvista | |
| illative | turpaan | turpiin | |
| adessive | turvalla | turvilla | |
| ablative | turvalta | turvilta | |
| allative | turvalle | turville | |
| essive | turpana | turpina | |
| translative | turvaksi | turviksi | |
| instructive | — | turvin | |
| abessive | turvatta | turvitta | |
| comitative | — | turpineen | |
| Possessive forms of turpa (type koira) | ||
|---|---|---|
| possessor | singular | plural |
| 1st person | turpani | turpamme |
| 2nd person | turpasi | turpanne |
| 3rd person | turpansa | |
Derived terms
- antaa turpaan, vetää turpaan, lyödä turpaan (to batter, thrash, beat up)
- saada turpaansa, ottaa turpaansa, tulla turpaan, tulla turpiin (to be battered, thrashed, beaten up)
- turpakäräjät
- turpasauna
- turpajuhlat
- turpaanveto
Etymology 2
From Proto-Finnic *turpa, possibly the same as etymology 1, but this is uncertain due to the distributions of the two words not lining up.
Noun
turpa
- European chub, Squalius cephalus (syn. Leuciscus cephalus)
Declension
| Inflection of turpa (Kotus type 10*E/koira, p-v gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | turpa | turvat | |
| genitive | turvan | turpien | |
| partitive | turpaa | turpia | |
| illative | turpaan | turpiin | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | turpa | turvat | |
| accusative | nom. | turpa | turvat |
| gen. | turvan | ||
| genitive | turvan | turpien turpainrare | |
| partitive | turpaa | turpia | |
| inessive | turvassa | turvissa | |
| elative | turvasta | turvista | |
| illative | turpaan | turpiin | |
| adessive | turvalla | turvilla | |
| ablative | turvalta | turvilta | |
| allative | turvalle | turville | |
| essive | turpana | turpina | |
| translative | turvaksi | turviksi | |
| instructive | — | turvin | |
| abessive | turvatta | turvitta | |
| comitative | — | turpineen | |
| Possessive forms of turpa (type koira) | ||
|---|---|---|
| possessor | singular | plural |
| 1st person | turpani | turpamme |
| 2nd person | turpasi | turpanne |
| 3rd person | turpansa | |
Anagrams
- parut, purat, raput
Latin
Verb
turpā
- second-person singular present active imperative of turpō
Votic
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *turpeda.
Pronunciation
- (Luuditsa, Liivtšülä) IPA(key): /ˈturpɑː/, [ˈturpɑ]
- Rhymes: -urpɑː
- Hyphenation: tur‧pa
Adjective
turpa
- swollen
- thick, dense
Inflection
| Declension of turpa (type VI/valka, no gradation) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | turpa | turpad |
| genitive | turpa | turpõje, turpõjõ, turpai |
| partitive | turpatõ | turpaitõ, turpai |
| illative | turpa, turpaasõ | turpõje, turpõjõ, turpaisõ |
| inessive | turpaz | turpaiz |
| elative | turpassõ | turpaissõ |
| allative | turpalõ | turpailõ |
| adessive | turpallõ | turpaillõ |
| ablative | turpaltõ | turpailtõ |
| translative | turpassi | turpaissi |
| *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative or the genitive. ***) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive. | ||
References
- V. Hallap, E. Adler, S. Grünberg, M. Leppik (2012), “turpõa”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2 edition, Tallinn