Turkmen

Turkmen

See also: turkmen, türkmén, and Türkmen

English

Alternative forms

• Turkman
• Türkman (rare)
• Türkmen (rare)

Etymology

The current majority view for the etymology of the ethnonym Türkmen or Turcoman is that it comes from Türk and the Turkic emphasizing suffix -men, meaning "'most Turkish of the Turks' or 'pure-blooded Turks.'"[1] A folk etymology, dating back to the Middle Ages and found in al-Biruni and Mahmud al-Kashgari, instead derives the suffix -men from the Persian suffix -mānind, with the resulting word meaning "like a Turk". While formerly the dominant etymology in modern scholarship, this mixed Turkic-Persian derivation is now viewed as incorrect.[2]

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /ˈtɜːk.mən/
• (US) IPA^(key): /ˈtɝk.mən/

Noun

Turkmen

1. plural of Turkman

Noun

Turkmen (countable and uncountable, plural Turkmen or Turkmens)

1. (countable) A person from Turkmenistan or of Turkmen descent.
   • 2005, Chahryar Adle, History of Civilizations of Central Asia (page 316)

     The conquest took 16 years and ended in 1885 in a battle with the Afghans on the banks of the Murghab. During this period, the Turkmens offered the Russians stubborn resistance […]

   • 2009, Barbara A. West, Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Asia and Oceania (page 841)

     Keimir-Ker, a Turkmen from the Tekke clan, led a rebellion against the Persians […]

2. (uncountable) A Turkic language of the Turkmen spoken mostly in Turkmenistan.

Related terms

• Turcoman
• Turkoman
• Turkmenistan

Translations

Turkman — see Turkman

language spoken in Turkmenistan

Armenian: թուրքմեներեն (hy) (tʿurkʿmeneren) Azerbaijani: türkmən dili Basque: turkmenera (eu) Catalan: turcman (ca) m Chinese: Mandarin: 土庫曼語／土库曼语 (tǔkùmànyǔ) Chuvash: туркмен чӗлхи (turkmen č̬ĕlh̬i) Czech: turkmenština f Dhivehi: ތުރުކު‎ (turuku) Dutch: Turkmeens (nl) n Esperanto: turkmena lingvo Faroese: turkmenskt n Finnish: turkmeeni (fi) French: turkmène (fr) m Galician: turcomán (gl) m, turkmeno m German: Turkmenisch (de) n, turkmenische Sprache Irish: Tuircméinis f Italian: turkmeno (it) m Japanese: トルクメン語 (ja) (torukumengo) Kazakh: түрікмен тілі (türıkmen tılı) Korean: 투르크멘어 (ko) (tureukeumeneo) Kurdish: Central Kurdish: تورکمانی‎ (turkmanî) Kyrgyz: түркмөнчө (ky) (türkmönçö) Latvian: turkmēņu, turkmēņu valoda f Norwegian: Bokmål: turkmensk (no) m Nynorsk: turkmensk (nn) m Portuguese: turcomeno (pt) m Romanian: turkmenă (ro) f Russian: туркме́нский (ru) m (turkménskij) (язы́к) Slovak: turkménčina (sk) f Spanish: turcomano (es) m Swahili: Kiturukimeni Swedish: turkmeniska (sv) c Turkish: Türkmence (tr) Turkmen: türkmen dili, türkmençe (tk) Uyghur: تۈركمەن تىلى‎ (türkmen tili)

Adjective

Turkmen (not comparable)

1. Of, from, or pertaining to Turkmenistan, the Turkmen people or the Turkmen language.

Translations

of or pertaining to Turkmenistan, the Turkmen people or the Turkmen language

Arabic: تُرْكُمَانِيّ‎ (turkumāniyy) Armenian: թուրքմենական (hy) (tʿurkʿmenakan) Azerbaijani: türkmən Bashkir: төрөкмән (törökmän), төркмән (törkmän) Belarusian: туркме́нскі (turkmjénski) Bulgarian: туркме́нски (turkménski) Catalan: turcman (ca) Czech: turkmenský (cs) Dutch: Turkmeens (nl) Esperanto: turkmena Faroese: turkmenskur m French: turkmène (fr) Galician: turcomán (gl), turkmeno Georgian: თურქმენული (turkmenuli) German: turkmenisch (de) Hindi: तुर्कमेन (hi) (turkamen) Hungarian: türkmén (hu) Irish: Tuircméanastánach Italian: turkmeno (it) Kazakh: түрікмен (türıkmen) Kyrgyz: түркмөн (türkmön) Latvian: turkmēņu, turkmēnisks Macedonian: туркменски (turkmenski) Mongolian: туркмен (turkmen) Mongolian: ᠲᠦ᠋ᠷᠺᠮᠧᠨ (türkmēn) Norwegian: Bokmål: turkmensk (no) Nynorsk: turkmensk (nn) Persian: ترکمنی‎ (fa) (torkamani) Polish: turkmeński (pl) m Portuguese: turcomeno (pt), turcomano (pt) Romanian: turkmen (ro) Russian: туркме́нский (ru) (turkménskij) Serbo-Croatian: Cyrillic: ту̀ркме̄нскӣ Roman: tùrkmēnskī (sh) Slovak: turkménsky (sk) m Spanish: turcomano (es) Swedish: turkmensk (sv) Tajik: туркманӣ (turkmanī) Tatar: төрекмән (tt) (törekmän) Turkish: Türkmen (tr) Turkmen: türkmen Cyrillic: түркмен Ukrainian: туркме́нський (turkménsʹkyj) Uyghur: تۈركمەن‎ (türkmen) Uzbek: turkman (uz)

References

1. Clark, Larry (1996) Turkmen Reference Grammar‎, Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 4, Annanepesov, M. (1999), “The Turkmens”, in History of civilizations of Central Asia, Motilal Banarsidass, →ISBN, page 127, Golden, Peter (1992) An introduction to the history of the Turkic peoples : ethnogenesis and state-formation in the medieval and early modern Eurasia and the Middle East, Harrassowitz, pages 213–214.
2. Clark, Larry (1996) Turkmen Reference Grammar‎, Harrassowitz, →ISBN, pages 4–5,Annanepesov, M. (1999), “The Turkmens”, in History of civilizations of Central Asia, Motilal Banarsidass, →ISBN, page 127,Golden, Peter (1992) An introduction to the history of the Turkic peoples : ethnogenesis and state-formation in the medieval and early modern Eurasia and the Middle East, Harrassowitz, pages 213–214.

Further reading

• ISO 639-1 code tk, ISO 639-3 code tuk (SIL)
• Ethnologue entry for Turkmen, tuk ⁠

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Czech

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈturkmɛn]

Noun

Turkmen m anim (feminine Turkmenka)

1. Turkmen, Turkoman, Turkman (person)

Related terms

• Turkmenistán
• Turkmenka
• turkmenský
• turkmenština