turba
See also: turbá
Catalan
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin turba.
Pronunciation
- (Balearic) IPA(key): /ˈtuɾ.bə/
- (Central) IPA(key): /ˈtur.bə/
- (Valencian) IPA(key): /ˈtuɾ.ba/
Noun
turba f (plural turbes)
- crowd
Further reading
- “turba” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
Estonian
Noun
turba
- genitive singular of turvas
Galician
Etymology 1
Borrowed from French tourbe, from Old High German zurf.
Noun
turba f (plural turbas)
- peat
Etymology 2
Borrowed from Latin turba.
Noun
turba f (plural turbas)
- mob
Hausa
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /túɽ.bàː/
- (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA(key): [tɪ́ɽ.bàː]
Noun
turbā̀ f (possessed form turbàr̃)
- path, track, lane
Italian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtur.ba/
- Rhymes: -urba
- Hyphenation: tùr‧ba
Etymology 1
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
turba
- inflection of turbare:
- third-person singular present indicative
- second-person singular imperative
Etymology 2
From Latin turba.
Noun
turba f (plural turbe)
- crowd, throng
- mob
Anagrams
- bruta
Latin
Etymology 1
Probably from Ancient Greek τύρβη (túrbē, “tumult, disorder, turmoil”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)twerH- (“to rotate, swirl, twirl, move around”); related to English storm.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈtur.ba/, [ˈt̪ʊrbä]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈtur.ba/, [ˈt̪urbä]
Audio (Classical) (file)
Noun
turba f (genitive turbae); first declension
- turmoil, disorder, stir, disturbance, tumult, uproar, hubbub, commotion, trouble, confusion, disarray, brawl
- Synonyms: rebellio, seditio, inquies, concursus, inquiētūdō, perculsus, tumultus
- Antonyms: quies, otium, tranquillitas, serenitas, pax
- mob, crowd, throng
- Synonyms: multitūdō, grex
- multitude
- Synonym: multitūdō
- 405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Lucas 9:16:
- acceptis autem quinque panibus et duobus piscibus respexit in caelum et benedixit illis et fregit et distribuit discipulis suis ut ponerent ante turbas
- Then [Jesus] took the five loaves and the two fishes, and looking up to heaven, he blessed them, and broke, and gave to the disciples to set before the multitude.
- acceptis autem quinque panibus et duobus piscibus respexit in caelum et benedixit illis et fregit et distribuit discipulis suis ut ponerent ante turbas
Declension
First-declension noun.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | turba | turbae |
| Genitive | turbae | turbārum |
| Dative | turbae | turbīs |
| Accusative | turbam | turbās |
| Ablative | turbā | turbīs |
| Vocative | turba | turbae |
Related terms
- turbāmentum
- turbātē
- turbātiō
- turbātor
- turbātrix
- turbātus
- turbēlae
- turbellae
- turben
- turbidē
- turbidus
- turbinātiō
- turbinātus
- turbineus
- turbō
- turbula
- turbulentē
- turbulenter
- turbulentō
- turbulentus
Descendants
- → Catalan: turba
- → Galician: turba
- Italian: turba
- → Portuguese: turba
- Sicilian: turba
- → Spanish: turba
- → Middle Welsh: twryf, turvf, turyf, twrf, twrw, twrwf, tyryf
- Welsh: twrf
- → Middle Welsh: torf
- Welsh: torf
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈtur.baː/, [ˈt̪ʊrbäː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈtur.ba/, [ˈt̪urbä]
Verb
turbā
- second-person singular present active imperative of turbō
References
- “turba”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “turba”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- turba in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- turba in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- the lictors clear the way: lictores summovent turbam (Liv. 4. 50)
- the lictors clear the way: lictores summovent turbam (Liv. 4. 50)
- turba in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700, pre-publication website, 2005-2016
- “turba”, in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly
- “turba”, in Richard Stillwell et al., editor (1976) The Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites, Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press
Portuguese
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin turba.
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈtuʁ.bɐ/ [ˈtuɦ.bɐ]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /ˈtuɾ.bɐ/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /ˈtuʁ.bɐ/
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈtuɻ.ba/
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /ˈtuɾ.bɐ/ [ˈtuɾ.βɐ]
Noun
turba f (plural turbas)
- crowd, throng
- mob
Quotations
For quotations using this term, see Citations:turba.
Romanian
Etymology
From Latin turbāre, present active infinitive of turbō.
Verb
a turba (third-person singular present turbă, past participle turbat) 1st conj.
- to rage, go mad
Conjugation
conjugation of turba (first conjugation, no infix)
| infinitive | a turba | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | turbând | ||||||
| past participle | turbat | ||||||
| number | singular | plural | |||||
| person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |
| indicative | eu | tu | el/ea | noi | voi | ei/ele | |
| present | turb | turbi | turbă | turbăm | turbați | turbă | |
| imperfect | turbam | turbai | turba | turbam | turbați | turbau | |
| simple perfect | turbai | turbași | turbă | turbarăm | turbarăți | turbară | |
| pluperfect | turbasem | turbaseși | turbase | turbaserăm | turbaserăți | turbaseră | |
| subjunctive | eu | tu | el/ea | noi | voi | ei/ele | |
| present | să turb | să turbi | să turbe | să turbăm | să turbați | să turbe | |
| imperative | — | tu | — | — | voi | — | |
| affirmative | turbă | turbați | |||||
| negative | nu turba | nu turbați | |||||
Derived terms
- turbare
Related terms
- tulbura
- tulbure
- turbăciune
- turbină
- perturba
Spanish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtuɾba/ [ˈt̪uɾ.β̞a]
Audio (Peru) (file) - Rhymes: -uɾba
- Syllabification: tur‧ba
Etymology 1
Borrowed from Latin turba.
Noun
turba f (plural turbas)
- mob
Etymology 2
Borrowed from French tourbe, from Old High German zurf.
Noun
turba f (plural turbas)
- peat
Derived terms
- turbero
- turbera
- turboso
Etymology 3
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Adjective
turba f
- feminine singular of turbo
Etymology 4
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
turba
- inflection of turbar:
- third-person singular present indicative
- second-person singular imperative
Further reading
- “turba”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Zaghawa
Noun
turba
- graveyard
References
- Beria-English English-Beria Dictionary [provisional] ADESK, Iriba, Kobe Department, Chad