tuntea
Finnish
(index tu)
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *tuntedak, from Proto-Uralic *tumte-. Cognates include Estonian tundma, Northern Sami dovdat, Hungarian tud.
Verb
tuntea
- (transitive, + partitive) to feel, sense
- (transitive, + accusative) to know, be familiar with (meaning deeper and more personal knowledge of someone, see usage notes)
Usage notes
(to know): The English verb "to know" can be translated into Finnish with either tietää or tuntea. The difference is that tietää expresses usually superficial knowledge of something, e.g. knowledge of the existence of the thing in question, whereas as tuntea expresses more personal, subjective, detailed or deeper knowledge.
- Tiedän hänet, mutta en tunne häntä.
- I know her (by name), but I don't know her (personally).
- Tiedän hänet, mutta en tunne häntä.
Conjugation
| Inflection of tuntea (Kotus type 59/tuntea, nt-nn gradation) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | ||||||
| present tense | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | tunnen | en tunne | 1st sing. | olen tuntenut | en ole tuntenut | |
| 2nd sing. | tunnet | et tunne | 2nd sing. | olet tuntenut | et ole tuntenut | |
| 3rd sing. | tuntee | ei tunne | 3rd sing. | on tuntenut | ei ole tuntenut | |
| 1st plur. | tunnemme | emme tunne | 1st plur. | olemme tunteneet | emme ole tunteneet | |
| 2nd plur. | tunnette | ette tunne | 2nd plur. | olette tunteneet | ette ole tunteneet | |
| 3rd plur. | tuntevat | eivät tunne | 3rd plur. | ovat tunteneet | eivät ole tunteneet | |
| passive | tunnetaan | ei tunneta | passive | on tunnettu | ei ole tunnettu | |
| past tense | pluperfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | tunsin | en tuntenut | 1st sing. | olin tuntenut | en ollut tuntenut | |
| 2nd sing. | tunsit | et tuntenut | 2nd sing. | olit tuntenut | et ollut tuntenut | |
| 3rd sing. | tunsi | ei tuntenut | 3rd sing. | oli tuntenut | ei ollut tuntenut | |
| 1st plur. | tunsimme | emme tunteneet | 1st plur. | olimme tunteneet | emme olleet tunteneet | |
| 2nd plur. | tunsitte | ette tunteneet | 2nd plur. | olitte tunteneet | ette olleet tunteneet | |
| 3rd plur. | tunsivat | eivät tunteneet | 3rd plur. | olivat tunteneet | eivät olleet tunteneet | |
| passive | tunnettiin | ei tunnettu | passive | oli tunnettu | ei ollut tunnettu | |
| conditional mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | tuntisin | en tuntisi | 1st sing. | olisin tuntenut | en olisi tuntenut | |
| 2nd sing. | tuntisit | et tuntisi | 2nd sing. | olisit tuntenut | et olisi tuntenut | |
| 3rd sing. | tuntisi | ei tuntisi | 3rd sing. | olisi tuntenut | ei olisi tuntenut | |
| 1st plur. | tuntisimme | emme tuntisi | 1st plur. | olisimme tunteneet | emme olisi tunteneet | |
| 2nd plur. | tuntisitte | ette tuntisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte tunteneet | ette olisi tunteneet | |
| 3rd plur. | tuntisivat | eivät tuntisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat tunteneet | eivät olisi tunteneet | |
| passive | tunnettaisiin | ei tunnettaisi | passive | olisi tunnettu | ei olisi tunnettu | |
| imperative mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | |
| 2nd sing. | tunne | älä tunne | 2nd sing. | ole tuntenut | älä ole tuntenut | |
| 3rd sing. | tuntekoon | älköön tunteko | 3rd sing. | olkoon tuntenut | älköön olko tuntenut | |
| 1st plur. | tuntekaamme | älkäämme tunteko | 1st plur. | olkaamme tunteneet | älkäämme olko tunteneet | |
| 2nd plur. | tuntekaa | älkää tunteko | 2nd plur. | olkaa tunteneet | älkää olko tunteneet | |
| 3rd plur. | tuntekoot | älkööt tunteko | 3rd plur. | olkoot tunteneet | älkööt olko tunteneet | |
| passive | tunnettakoon | älköön tunnettako | passive | olkoon tunnettu | älköön olko tunnettu | |
| potential mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | tuntenen | en tuntene | 1st sing. | lienen tuntenut | en liene tuntenut | |
| 2nd sing. | tuntenet | et tuntene | 2nd sing. | lienet tuntenut | et liene tuntenut | |
| 3rd sing. | tuntenee | ei tuntene | 3rd sing. | lienee tuntenut | ei liene tuntenut | |
| 1st plur. | tuntenemme | emme tuntene | 1st plur. | lienemme tunteneet | emme liene tunteneet | |
| 2nd plur. | tuntenette | ette tuntene | 2nd plur. | lienette tunteneet | ette liene tunteneet | |
| 3rd plur. | tuntenevat | eivät tuntene | 3rd plur. | lienevät tunteneet | eivät liene tunteneet | |
| passive | tunnettaneen | ei tunnettane | passive | lienee tunnettu | ei liene tunnettu | |
| Nominal forms | ||||||
| infinitives | participles | |||||
| active | passive | active | passive | |||
| 1st | tuntea | present | tunteva | tunnettava | ||
| long 1st2 | tunteakseen | past | tuntenut | tunnettu | ||
| 2nd | inessive1 | tuntiessa | tunnettaessa | agent1, 3 | tuntema | |
| instructive | tuntien | — | negative | tuntematon | ||
| 3rd | inessive | tuntemassa | — | 1) Usually with a possessive suffix. 2) Used only with a possessive suffix; this is the form for the third-person singular and third-person plural. | ||
| elative | tuntemasta | — | ||||
| illative | tuntemaan | — | ||||
| adessive | tuntemalla | — | ||||
| abessive | tuntematta | — | ||||
| instructive | tunteman | tunnettaman | ||||
| 4th | nominative | tunteminen | ||||
| partitive | tuntemista | |||||
| 5th2 | tuntemaisillaan | |||||
Derived terms
- adjectives: tunnettu, tuntematon
- nouns: tunne, tunnus, tuntemus, tuntija, tunto, tuntu
- verbs: tunteilla, tuntua
Anagrams
- tuenta, unetat