tum

See also: TUM, túm, tùm, tũm, tüm, tụm, -tum, and -tum-

Translingual

Symbol

tum

(international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Tumbuka.

English

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /tʌm/
Audio (Southern England) (file)
Rhymes: -ʌm

Noun

tum (plural tums)

shortened form of tummy

Anagrams

MTU, Mut., UTM, mut.

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *tom, from Proto-Indo-European *tóm, accusative of *só. Cf. its feminine form Latin tam, as in tamquam. Cognate with Ancient Greek τότε (tóte).

Pronunciation

(Classical) IPA^(key): /tum/, [t̪ʊ̃ˑ]

(Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /tum/, [t̪um]
Audio (Classical) (file)

Adverb

tum (not comparable)

then, thereupon
Tum Caecilius in horto sedet.
Then Caecilius sits in the garden.
at the time, at that time, then
tum primum ― for the first time, then at first
- Qui tum primum allato nuntio de oppugnatione Vellaunoduni ― Who then for the first time being delivered information about the siege of Vellaunodunum (Caesar, de Bello Gallico, VII, 11)
- Ea tum cura maxime intentos habebat Romanos, non ab ira tantum, quae in nullam unquam ciuitatem iustior fuit, quam quod urbs tam nobilis ac potens, sicut defectione sua traxerat aliquot populos, ita recepta inclinatura rursus animos uidebatur ad ueteris imperii respectum ― This concern in particular troubled the mindful Romans at the time, not so much because of anger, which has never been more justified against any other city, rather because a city so noble and powerful, in the same way that it had attracted the support of a number of communities by its revolt, was thought would again turn attention back towards respect for the previous government once recaptured. (Livius, ab urbe condita)
further on
...tum silvis scaena coruscis... - Aeneid, Book 1, Line 164

Usage notes

Often coupled with cum

Such that "tum x, cum y" = "then x, when y"
"cum x tum y" = "not only x but also y"
- Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita I, 13:
  movet res cum multitudinem tum duces
  This event not only shocked the crowd but also the commanders

Synonyms

(then): deinde
(at that time): tunc

Derived terms

tunc

Related terms

Latin correlatives ^(edit)

type	interrogative	indefinite	(medial) demonstrative	proximal demonstrative	distal demonstrative	relative	indefinite relative	identity	other
basic	quis, quī	quis, quī, quīdam, aliquis, aliquī, quisque, quisquam, aliquisquam, quispiam, ūllus	is, iste, istic	hic	ille, illic	quī	quisquis, quīcumque	ipse, īdem	alter, alius
dual	uter	alteruter, uterque				uter	utercumque
number	quot	aliquot	tot			quot	quotquot, quotcumque	totidem
order	quotus		totus			quotus	quotuscumque
quantity	quam	aliquam	tam			quam	†quamquam	†tamen, †tandem
size	quantus	aliquantus	tantus			quantus	quantuscumque	tantusdem
quality	quālis	aliquālis	tālis			quālis	quālis, quāliscumque
manner	ut, quī, quō modō, quōmodo, quemadmodum	utique, quī, quōdam modō, aliquō modō	ita, sic, eō/istō modō	hōc modō	illō modō	ut, quī, quō modō, quōmodo, quemadmodum	utut, utcumque, quōmodocumque	item, itidem	aliter, aliōquī, alterō/aliō modō
method, path, place	quā	aliquā, quāque	eā, istāc	hāc	illāc	quā	quāquā, quācumque	eādem	aliā
place	ubi	alicubi, ubique, usquam, uspiam	ibi, istic	hīc	illīc	ubi	ubiubi, ubicumque	ibidem	alibī, aliās
source	unde	alicunde, undeunde	inde, istinc	hinc	illinc	unde	undecumque	indidem	aliunde
destination	quō, quōrsum	aliquō, quōquam, quōpiam, °aliquōvorsum	eō, istūc, °istōrsum	hūc, °hōrsum	illūc, °illōrsum	quō	quōquō, quōcumque	eōdem	aliō, aliorsum
time	quandō	quondam, aliquandō, quandōque, umquam	tum, tunc	num, nunc	ōlim	cum, quandō	cumque, quandōcumque, quandōque	simul	aliās
exact time	quota hōra		ea/ista hōra	hac hōra	illa hōra	quota hōra	quotacumque hōra	eadem hōra	altera/alia hōra
repetition	quotiēns	aliquotiēns	totiēns			quotiēns	quotiēnscumque
multiplication	quotuplex		totuplex			quotuplex
† Turned conjunction with original meaning somewhat dissimulated ° Rare

References

“tum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“tum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
tum in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2023) Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication
tum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
- at the same moment that, precisely when: eo ipso tempore, cum; tum ipsum, cum
- Pericles, the greatest man of his day: Pericles, quo nemo tum fuit clarior
- Pericles, the greatest man of his day: Pericles, vir omnium, qui tum fuerunt, clarissimus
- I was ten years old at the time: tum habebam decem annos
- to be sound asleep: sopītum esse
- to talk of a subject which was then the common topic of conversation: in eum sermonem incidere, qui tum fere multis erat in ore
- a hand-to-hand engagement ensued: tum pes cum pede collatus est (Liv. 28. 2)

Middle English

Adjective

tum

(Northern) Alternative form of tome (“empty”)

Norn

Etymology

From Old Norse þumi, from Proto-Germanic *þūmô.

Noun

tum

thumb

Portuguese

Etymology

Onomatopoeic.

Pronunciation

(Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈtũ/

(Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈtũ/

Interjection

tum

(onomatopoeia) crash (to collide with something)
Synonym: crás

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish tummaid (“dips, plunges, immerses”).

Verb

tum (past thum, future tumaidh, verbal noun tumadh, past participle tumta)

plunge, immerse, dip, duck, steep

References

G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “tummaid, tu(i)mmid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Edward Dwelly (1911), “tum”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN

Sumerian

Romanization

tum

Romanization of 𒌈 (tum)

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish tumme.

Noun

tum c

inch; a measure of length

Usage notes

At least three different lengths can be intended: before 1855 it corresponded to 24.74 mm (also known as verktum); between 1855 and 1889 it was 29.69 mm (decimaltum). Today it mainly refers to imperial inches (engelsk tum), i.e. 25.40 mm.

Declension

Declension of tum
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	tum	tummen	tum	tummen
Genitive	tums	tummens	tums	tummens

Related terms

decimaltum
fyrtumsspik
tumgänga
tumstjock
tumstock
verktum

Tabasco Zoque

Numeral

tum

one

References

A. G. de León G., El ayapaneco: una variante del zoqueano en Ja Chontalpa tabasquena [The Ayapaneco dialect: a variant of the Zoque language in the Chontalpa region of Tabasco]

Ternate

Etymology

From tumu, with word-final vowel deletion.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈtum]

Verb

tum

Alternative form of tumu (“to dive, leap down from”)

Conjugation

Conjugation of tum
	Singular	Plural
	Inclusive	Exclusive
1st	totum	fotum	mitum
2nd	notum	nitum
3rd	Masculine	otum	itum, yotum^†
Feminine	motum
Neuter	itum
† - archaic

References

Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh

Vietnamese

Pronunciation

(Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [tum˧˧]
(Huế) IPA^(key): [tum˧˧]
(Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA^(key): [tʊm˧˧]

Noun

tum • (𡉾)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Volapük

Numeral

tum

hundred

Usage notes

This word must be preceded by a numeral for a single-digit number, so "one hundred" is expressed in Volapük as "baltum."

Derived terms

teltum (“two hundred”)
kiltum (“three hundred”)
foltum (“four hundred”)
lultum (“five hundred”)
mältum (“six hundred”)
veltum (“seven hundred”)
jöltum (“eight hundred”)
zültum (“nine hundred”)