tud
Breton
Etymology
From Proto-Brythonic *tʉd, from Proto-Celtic *toutā, from Proto-Indo-European *tewtéh₂.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtyːd/
Noun
tud m
- plural of den
- people (persons in general)
- parents
- kin, clan
Danish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈtˢuˀð], [ˈtˢuðˀ]
- Rhymes: -uːˀð
Etymology 1
From Middle High German tūte (“thing shaped like a horn”), tōte (“jug with a spout”), from Old High German thioza, from Proto-West Germanic *þeutā (“pipe”) with an irregular (onomatopoeic?) treatment of the initial consonant.
Compare also Dutch tuit (“spout”), German Tüte (“bag”), and (a younger loan from Low German) Danish tut. The Germanic noun is derived from the verb *þeutaną, which shows the same development of the initial consonant in Middle Low German tūten (hence German tuten) and Dutch tuiten, toeten (hence English toot).
Noun
tud c (singular definite tuden, plural indefinite tude)
- spout
- nozzle
- snout
Inflection
| common gender | Singular | Plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
| nominative | tud | tuden | tude | tudene |
| genitive | tuds | tudens | tudes | tudenes |
References
- “tud” in Den Danske Ordbog
Etymology 2
From the verb tude.
Noun
tud n (singular definite tudet, plural indefinite tud)
- howl
- hoot
Declension
| neuter gender | Singular | Plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
| nominative | tud | tudet | tud | tudene |
| genitive | tuds | tudets | tuds | tudenes |
Etymology 3
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
tud
- imperative of tude
Hungarian
Etymology
From Proto-Ugric *tumtĭ-, from Proto-Uralic *tumte-. Cognate with Finnish tuntea and Estonian tundma.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈtud]
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -ud
Verb
tud
- (transitive) to know (to be aware of some information)
- Synonym: tisztában van
- Tudom, hol van. ― I know where it is.
- (auxiliary with a verb in the infinitive) can, to be able, know how to
- Synonym: (adjective) képes
- Tudok vezetni. ― I know how to drive.
- (transitive, colloquial) to know (to be acquainted or familiar with)
- Synonym: ismer
- Tudok valakit, aki segíthet. ― I know someone who could help.
Usage notes
- Similarly to French, German, and Spanish etc., Hungarian distinguishes two senses of ’to know’, being aware or certain of some information (this verb) and being acquainted or familiar with someone or something (see ismer). See also usage notes at the German verb kennen describing the same difference and translations of to know for related terms in other languages.
- To express can in the sense of being permitted, allowed, or enabled to (indicating permission), see -hat/-het.
Conjugation
| 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal | 3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal | 1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal | 3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative mood | Present | Indef. | tudok | tudsz | tud | tudunk | tudtok | tudnak |
| Def. | tudom | tudod | tudja | tudjuk | tudjátok | tudják | ||
| 2nd-p. o. | tudlak | ― | ||||||
| Past | Indef. | tudtam | tudtál | tudott | tudtunk | tudtatok | tudtak | |
| Def. | tudtam | tudtad | tudta | tudtuk | tudtátok | tudták | ||
| 2nd-p. o. | tudtalak | ― | ||||||
| Conditional mood | Present | Indef. | tudnék | tudnál | tudna | tudnánk | tudnátok | tudnának |
| Def. | tudnám | tudnád | tudná | tudnánk (or tudnók) | tudnátok | tudnák | ||
| 2nd-p. o. | tudnálak | ― | ||||||
| Subjunctive mood | Present | Indef. | tudjak | tudj or tudjál | tudjon | tudjunk | tudjatok | tudjanak |
| Def. | tudjam | tudd or tudjad | tudja | tudjuk | tudjátok | tudják | ||
| 2nd-p. o. | tudjalak | ― | ||||||
| Infinitive | tudni | tudnom | tudnod | tudnia | tudnunk | tudnotok | tudniuk | |
| Other nonfinite verb forms | Verbal noun | Present participle | Past participle | Future part. | Adverbial part. | Potential | ||
| tudás | tudó | tudott | tudandó | tudva | tudhat | |||
Derived terms
- tudakol → megtudakol
- tudálékos
- tudakozik, tudakozódik
- tudás
- tudat → tudatos
- tudatlan
- (tudódik →) kitudódik
- tudomány → tudományos
- tudomás
- tudós
(With verbal prefixes):
- betud
- letud
- megtud
- köztudott
- tudniillik
- tudnivaló
- tudvalevő
- Isten tudja
See also
- Category:Hungarian auxiliary verbs
Further reading
- tud in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Kapampangan
Etymology
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuhud, from Proto-Austronesian *tuduS.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtud/, [ˈtud]
Noun
tud
- (anatomy) knee
Sumerian
Romanization
tud
- Romanization of 𒌅 (tud)
Welsh
Etymology
From Middle Welsh tut, from Proto-Brythonic *tʉd, from Proto-Celtic *toutā, from Proto-Indo-European *tewtéh₂.
Pronunciation
- (North Wales) IPA(key): /tɨːd/
- (South Wales) IPA(key): /tiːd/
- Rhymes: -ɨːd
Noun
tud f (plural tudau)
- region, country
- people
Mutation
| Welsh mutation | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
| tud | dud | nhud | thud |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | |||
Yogad
Noun
tud
- (anatomy) knee