tuberculosis
English
Etymology
To international scientific vocabulary from New Latin, from Latin tūberculum (diminutive of tūber (“lump”)) + -osis (“diseased condition”); named for the encapsulated colonies of Mycobacterium tuberculosis within the lungs in pulmonary tuberculosis, which can look like small tubers (tubercles) on gross pathology. The disease has existed throughout human experience and had other names for millennia before scientific medicine renamed it with a New Latin term in the mid-19th century (1840s); in English it was called consumption because of the wasting away that consumed health and seemed even to consume flesh in some cases (for example, causing fistulas and tissue breakdown).
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /tjuːˌbɜː(r)kjʊˈləʊsɪs/
Audio (Berkshire, UK)) (file) - Rhymes: -əʊsɪs
Noun
tuberculosis (countable and uncountable, plural tuberculoses)
- (pathology) An infectious disease of humans and animals caused by a species of mycobacterium, usually Mycobacterium tuberculosis, mainly infecting the lungs where it causes tubercles characterized by the expectoration of mucus and sputum, fever, weight loss, and chest pain, and transmitted through inhalation or ingestion of bacteria. [from 1839]
- 2019, Bill Bryson, The Body: A Guide for Occupants, Black Swan (2020), page 380:
- With smallpox gone, tuberculosis is today the deadliest infectious disease on the planet.
-
Synonyms
- phthisic
- consumption
- TB (abbreviation)
Derived terms
- antituberculosis
- epituberculosis
- MDR-TB
- miliary tuberculosis
- neurotuberculosis
- nontuberculosis
- paratuberculosis
- pseudotuberculosis
- pulmonary tuberculosis
- silicotuberculosis
- XDR-TB
Related terms
- DR-TB
- DS-TB
- MDR-TB
- Mtb
- XDR-TB
Translations
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See also
- Burkholderia gladioli
Asturian
Noun
tuberculosis f (uncountable)
- (pathology) tuberculosis (infectious disease)
Interlingua
Noun
tuberculosis (uncountable)
- Alternative form of tuberculose.
Latin
Adjective
tūberculōsīs
- dative/ablative masculine/feminine/neuter plural of tūberculōsus
Spanish
Etymology
From Scientific Latin tuberculosis, from tubercŭlum (“tiny tumor”) and + -osis.[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /tubeɾkuˈlosis/ [t̪u.β̞eɾ.kuˈlo.sis]
Audio (Colombia) (file) - Rhymes: -osis
- Syllabification: tu‧ber‧cu‧lo‧sis
Noun
tuberculosis f (plural tuberculosis)
- tuberculosis
References
- “tuberculosis”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Further reading
- “tuberculosis”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014