trén
Hungarian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈtreːn]
- Rhymes: -eːn
Etymology 1
tré (“lousy, crappy, crummy, poor”, slang) + -n (case suffix)
Adjective
trén
- superessive singular of tré
Etymology 2
tré + -n (adverb-forming suffix)
Adverb
trén (comparative trébben, superlative legtrébben)
- (slang) lousily, crappily, crummily, poorly
- Synonyms: ócskán, silányul
Etymology 3
From Austrian German Train(de), from French train, from French traîner, from Late Latin tragīnāre, from Latin trahere.[1]
Noun
trén (plural trének)
- (military, dated) train of transport, baggage train, wagon train
- Synonyms: vonatcsapat, vonatosztály, poggyászvonat, szállítóoszlop, hadtáp
- (military, dated) reserves, provision, supplies (equipment, transport, and/or other services for the army)
- Synonyms: hadtáp, utánpótlás
- (military, dated) a member of the army service corps
Declension
| Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | trén | trének |
| accusative | trént | tréneket |
| dative | trénnek | tréneknek |
| instrumental | trénnel | trénekkel |
| causal-final | trénért | trénekért |
| translative | trénné | trénekké |
| terminative | trénig | trénekig |
| essive-formal | trénként | trénekként |
| essive-modal | — | — |
| inessive | trénben | trénekben |
| superessive | trénen | tréneken |
| adessive | trénnél | tréneknél |
| illative | trénbe | trénekbe |
| sublative | trénre | trénekre |
| allative | trénhez | trénekhez |
| elative | trénből | trénekből |
| delative | trénről | trénekről |
| ablative | tréntől | trénektől |
| non-attributive possessive - singular | tréné | tréneké |
| non-attributive possessive - plural | trénéi | trénekéi |
| Possessive forms of trén | ||
|---|---|---|
| possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
| 1st person sing. | trénem | trénjeim |
| 2nd person sing. | tréned | trénjeid |
| 3rd person sing. | trénje | trénjei |
| 1st person plural | trénünk | trénjeink |
| 2nd person plural | trénetek | trénjeitek |
| 3rd person plural | trénjük | trénjeik |
Derived terms
- trénegyenruha
- trénlaktanya
- trénosztag
- trénszekér
- tréntiszt
Related terms
- traktál[1]
References
- Tótfalusi, István. Idegenszó-tár: Idegen szavak értelmező és etimológiai szótára (’A Storehouse of Foreign Words: an explanatory and etymological dictionary of foreign words’). Third, enlarged edition. Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2008. →ISBN
Further reading
- trén in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Icelandic
Noun
trén
- inflection of tré:
- definite nominative plural
- definite accusative plural
Old Irish
Etymology
From Proto-Celtic *trexsnos (compare Primitive Irish ᚈᚈᚏᚓᚅᚐᚂᚒᚌᚑᚄ (ttrenalugos), ᚈᚏᚓᚅᚐᚌᚒᚄᚒ (trenagusu)), with comparative *trexsos (compare Middle Welsh trech (“stronger”); Breton trec'h (“victory”); Cornish trygh (“victorious”)); Gaulish Trexius, Trexa, Trenus), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)treg- (“to be stiff, rigid, strong”) (Old Norse þróttr (“strength”)).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /tʲrʲeːn/
Noun
trén m (genitive tréuin, tríuin)
- strong man
Adjective
trén (equative tressithir, comparative tressa, superlative tressam)
- strong
Inflection
Usually:
| o/ā-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | trén | trén | trén |
| Vocative | tríuin* trén** | ||
| Accusative | trén | tríuin | |
| Genitive | tríuin | tríuine | tríuin |
| Dative | tríun | tríuin | tríun |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine/neuter | |
| Nominative | tríuin | tréna | |
| Vocative | trénu tréna† | ||
| Accusative | trénu tréna† | ||
| Genitive | trén | ||
| Dative | trénaib | ||
| Notes | *modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative **modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative | ||
In the Würzburg glosses:
| o/ā-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | trén | trén | trén |
| Vocative | tréuin* trén** | ||
| Accusative | trén | tréuin | |
| Genitive | tréuin | tréuine | tréuin |
| Dative | tríun | tréuin | tríun |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine/neuter | |
| Nominative | tréuin | tréna | |
| Vocative | trénu tréna† | ||
| Accusative | trénu tréna† | ||
| Genitive | trén | ||
| Dative | trénaib | ||
| Notes | *modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative **modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative | ||
As a noun meaning "strong man":
| Masculine o-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | trén | trénL | tríuinL |
| Vocative | tríuin | trénL | tríunuH |
| Accusative | trénN | trénL | tríunuH |
| Genitive | tríuinL | trén | trénN |
| Dative | tríunL | trénaib | trénaib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
| |||
Derived terms
- treise f (“strength, vigour, power”)
Descendants
- Irish: tréan
- Manx: trean
- Scottish Gaelic: treun
Mutation
| Old Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
| trén | thrén | trén pronounced with /d(ʲ)-/ |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
Further reading
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “trén”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940, reprinted 2003), D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, pages 224, 235