augeo
Latin
Etymology
From Proto-Italic *augeō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂owg-éye-ti, causative form of *h₂ewg-.
Cognates include Proto-Germanic *aukaną, Ancient Greek αὐξάνω (auxánō), Lithuanian áugti, and, via Iranian, Old Armenian վաշխ (vašx). Akin to English eke.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈau̯.ɡe.oː/, [ˈäu̯ɡeoː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈau̯.d͡ʒe.o/, [ˈäːu̯d͡ʒeo]
Verb
augeō (present infinitive augēre, perfect active auxī, supine auctum); second conjugation
- I increase, augment, enlarge, spread, expand
- Synonyms: adiciō, multiplicō, incitō, accumulō, cumulō
- Antonyms: diminuō, minuō, dēminuō, imminuō, tenuō, premō, corripiō
- 45 BCE, Cicero, De finibus bonorum et malorum 1.38:
- augeri amplificarique
- to be increased and expanded
- augeri amplificarique
- I lengthen
- I raise, strengthen
- Synonyms: ērigō, incendō
- I exaggerate
- I honor, enrich
- Synonym: honōrō
- (figuratively) I exalt, praise
- Synonyms: laudō, admīror, collaudō, mīrō, amplificō, suspiciō, praedicō, intueor
Conjugation
| Conjugation of augeō (second conjugation) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | augeō | augēs | auget | augēmus | augētis | augent |
| imperfect | augēbam | augēbās | augēbat | augēbāmus | augēbātis | augēbant | |
| future | augēbō | augēbis | augēbit | augēbimus | augēbitis | augēbunt | |
| perfect | auxī | auxistī | auxit | auximus | auxistis | auxērunt, auxēre | |
| pluperfect | auxeram | auxerās | auxerat | auxerāmus | auxerātis | auxerant | |
| future perfect | auxerō | auxeris | auxerit | auxerimus | auxeritis | auxerint | |
| sigmatic future1 | auxō | auxis | auxit | auximus | auxitis | auxint | |
| passive | present | augeor | augēris, augēre | augētur | augēmur | augēminī | augentur |
| imperfect | augēbar | augēbāris, augēbāre | augēbātur | augēbāmur | augēbāminī | augēbantur | |
| future | augēbor | augēberis, augēbere | augēbitur | augēbimur | augēbiminī | augēbuntur | |
| perfect | auctus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | auctus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
| future perfect | auctus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | augeam | augeās | augeat | augeāmus | augeātis | augeant |
| imperfect | augērem | augērēs | augēret | augērēmus | augērētis | augērent | |
| perfect | auxerim | auxerīs | auxerit | auxerīmus | auxerītis | auxerint | |
| pluperfect | auxissem | auxissēs | auxisset | auxissēmus | auxissētis | auxissent | |
| sigmatic aorist1 | auxim | auxīs | auxīt | auxīmus | auxītis | auxint | |
| passive | present | augear | augeāris, augeāre | augeātur | augeāmur | augeāminī | augeantur |
| imperfect | augērer | augērēris, augērēre | augērētur | augērēmur | augērēminī | augērentur | |
| perfect | auctus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | auctus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | augē | — | — | augēte | — |
| future | — | augētō | augētō | — | augētōte | augentō | |
| passive | present | — | augēre | — | — | augēminī | — |
| future | — | augētor | augētor | — | — | augentor | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | augēre | auxisse | auctūrum esse | augērī, augērier2 | auctum esse | auctum īrī | |
| participles | augēns | — | auctūrus | — | auctus | augendus | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
| augendī | augendō | augendum | augendō | auctum | auctū | ||
1At least one use of the archaic "sigmatic future" and "sigmatic aorist" tenses is attested, which are used by Old Latin writers; most notably Plautus and Terence. The sigmatic future is generally ascribed a future or future perfect meaning, while the sigmatic aorist expresses a possible desire ("might want to").
2The present passive infinitive in -ier is a rare poetic form which is attested.
Derived terms
- adaugeō
- auctiō
- auctō
- auctor
- auctus
- augēscō
- augificō
- augmen
- augmentum
- augustus
- auxilium
- exaugeō
References
- “augeo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “augeo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- augeo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- his crowning happiness is produced by a thing; the culminating point of his felicity is..: aliquid felicitatem magno cumulo auget
- to honour, show respect for, a person: aliquem honore afficere, augere, ornare, prosequi (vid. sect. VI. 11., note Prosequi...)
- to enrich a person's knowledge: scientia augere aliquem
- to lend lustre to a subject by one's description: dicendo augere, amplificare aliquid (opp. dicendo extenuare aliquid)
- to increase a person's courage: animum alicui augere (B. G. 7. 70)
- to aggrandise, extend the power of the state: rem publicam augere, amplificare
- his crowning happiness is produced by a thing; the culminating point of his felicity is..: aliquid felicitatem magno cumulo auget