transhumer
French
Etymology
Borrowed from Spanish trashumar, derived Latin trāns (“across, beyond”) + humus (“ground”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /tʁɑ̃.zy.me/
Audio (file)
Verb
transhumer
- (intransitive) to move livestock according to transhumance
- (transitive) to move according to transhumance
Conjugation
Conjugation of transhumer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | transhumer | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | transhumant /tʁɑ̃.zy.mɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | transhumé /tʁɑ̃.zy.me/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | transhume /tʁɑ̃.zym/ | transhumes /tʁɑ̃.zym/ | transhume /tʁɑ̃.zym/ | transhumons /tʁɑ̃.zy.mɔ̃/ | transhumez /tʁɑ̃.zy.me/ | transhument /tʁɑ̃.zym/ |
| imperfect | transhumais /tʁɑ̃.zy.mɛ/ | transhumais /tʁɑ̃.zy.mɛ/ | transhumait /tʁɑ̃.zy.mɛ/ | transhumions /tʁɑ̃.zy.mjɔ̃/ | transhumiez /tʁɑ̃.zy.mje/ | transhumaient /tʁɑ̃.zy.mɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | transhumai /tʁɑ̃.zy.me/ | transhumas /tʁɑ̃.zy.ma/ | transhuma /tʁɑ̃.zy.ma/ | transhumâmes /tʁɑ̃.zy.mam/ | transhumâtes /tʁɑ̃.zy.mat/ | transhumèrent /tʁɑ̃.zy.mɛʁ/ | |
| future | transhumerai /tʁɑ̃.zym.ʁe/ | transhumeras /tʁɑ̃.zym.ʁa/ | transhumera /tʁɑ̃.zym.ʁa/ | transhumerons /tʁɑ̃.zym.ʁɔ̃/ | transhumerez /tʁɑ̃.zym.ʁe/ | transhumeront /tʁɑ̃.zym.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | transhumerais /tʁɑ̃.zym.ʁɛ/ | transhumerais /tʁɑ̃.zym.ʁɛ/ | transhumerait /tʁɑ̃.zym.ʁɛ/ | transhumerions /tʁɑ̃.zy.mə.ʁjɔ̃/ | transhumeriez /tʁɑ̃.zy.mə.ʁje/ | transhumeraient /tʁɑ̃.zym.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | transhume /tʁɑ̃.zym/ | transhumes /tʁɑ̃.zym/ | transhume /tʁɑ̃.zym/ | transhumions /tʁɑ̃.zy.mjɔ̃/ | transhumiez /tʁɑ̃.zy.mje/ | transhument /tʁɑ̃.zym/ |
| imperfect2 | transhumasse /tʁɑ̃.zy.mas/ | transhumasses /tʁɑ̃.zy.mas/ | transhumât /tʁɑ̃.zy.ma/ | transhumassions /tʁɑ̃.zy.ma.sjɔ̃/ | transhumassiez /tʁɑ̃.zy.ma.sje/ | transhumassent /tʁɑ̃.zy.mas/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | transhume /tʁɑ̃.zym/ | — | transhumons /tʁɑ̃.zy.mɔ̃/ | transhumez /tʁɑ̃.zy.me/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
- transhumance
Descendants
- → Italian: transumare
Further reading
- “transhumer”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.