trair
See also: traïr
Catalan
Etymology
From Old Catalan trahir, from Latin trādere with a change in verb class.
Pronunciation
- (Balearic, Central) IPA(key): /tɾəˈi/
- (Valencian) IPA(key): /tɾaˈiɾ/
Audio (file) - Homophone: traí
- Rhymes: -i(ɾ)
Verb
trair (first-person singular present traeixo, past participle traït)
- (transitive) to betray
Conjugation
as servir, except that unaccented i in the endings, immediately following the stem u, takes a diaresis
Conjugation of trair (third conjugation with -eix- infix)
| infinitive | trair | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | traint | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | traït | traïda | |||||
| plural | traïts | traïdes | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès | |
| present | traeixo | traeixes | traeix | traïm | traïu | traeixen | |
| imperfect | traïa | traïes | traïa | traíem | traíeu | traïen | |
| future | trairé | trairàs | trairà | trairem | traireu | trairan | |
| preterite | traí | traïres | traí | traírem | traíreu | traïren | |
| conditional | trairia | trairies | trairia | trairíem | trairíeu | trairien | |
| subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès | |
| present | traeixi | traeixis | traeixi | traïm | traïu | traeixin | |
| imperfect | traís | traïssis | traís | traíssim | traíssiu | traïssin | |
| imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós | vostès | |
| — | traeix | traeixi | traïm | traïu | traeixin | ||
Related terms
- traïció (noun)
- traïdor (noun)
References
- “trair” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “trair”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2023
- “trair” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “trair” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Anagrams
- tirar, triar
Elfdalian
| < 2 | 3 | 4 > |
|---|---|---|
| Cardinal : trair | ||
Etymology
From Old Norse þrír, from Proto-Germanic *þrīz. Cognate with Swedish tre.
Numeral
trair
- three
Old French
Alternative forms
- traïr (diaereses are not universally used in transcriptions of Old French)
Etymology
An Gallicization / adaptation of Latin trādere, present active infinitive of trādō.
Verb
trair
- to betray; to commit treason
- circa 1170, Wace, Le Roman de Rou:
- Ne dote mie Richart que li Roiz le traïst
- Richard didn't doubt that the King was betraying him
-
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a second-group verb (ending in -ir, with an -iss- infix). Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of trair (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | trair | avoir traï | |||||
| gerund | en traïssant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| present participle | traïssant | ||||||
| past participle | traï | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses | present | traïs | traïs | traïst | traïssons | traïssez | traïssent |
| imperfect | traïssoie, traïsseie | traïssoies, traïsseies | traïssoit, traïsseit | traïssiiens, traïssiens | traïssiiez, traïssiez | traïssoient, traïsseient | |
| preterite | traï | traïs | traï | traïmes | traïstes | traïrent | |
| future | traïrai | traïras | traïra | traïrons | traïroiz, traïreiz, traïrez | traïront | |
| conditional | traïroie, traïreie | traïroies, traïreies | traïroit, traïreit | traïriiens, traïriens | traïriiez, traïriez | traïroient, traïreient | |
| compound tenses | present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses | present | traïsse | traïsses | traïsse | traïssons | traïssez | traïssent |
| imperfect | traïsse | traïsses | traïst | traïssons, traïssiens | traïssoiz, traïssez, traïssiez | traïssent | |
| compound tenses | past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | traïs | — | traïssons | traïssez | — | ||
Related terms
- traison
- traitor
Descendants
- French: trahir
- Norman: trahi (Jersey)
Portuguese
Alternative forms
- trahir (obsolete)
Etymology
From Old Portuguese traer, from Latin trādere.
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /tɾaˈi(ʁ)/ [tɾaˈi(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /tɾaˈi(ɾ)/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /tɾaˈi(ʁ)/ [tɾaˈi(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /tɾaˈi(ɻ)/
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /tɾɐˈiɾ/
- Hyphenation: tra‧ir
Verb
trair (first-person singular present traio, first-person singular preterite traí, past participle traído)
- to betray
- to cheat on
Conjugation
Conjugation of trair (irregular) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
| Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First-person (eu) | Second-person (tu) | Third-person (ele / ela / você) | First-person (nós) | Second-person (vós) | Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
| Infinitive | ||||||
| Impersonal | trair | |||||
| Personal | trair | traíres | trair | trairmos | trairdes | traírem |
| Gerund | ||||||
| traindo | ||||||
| Past participle | ||||||
| Masculine | traído | traídos | ||||
| Feminine | traída | traídas | ||||
| Indicative | ||||||
| Present | traio | trais | trai | traímos | traís | traem |
| Imperfect | traía | traías | traía | traíamos | traíeis | traíam |
| Preterite | traí | traíste | traiu | traímos | traístes | traíram |
| Pluperfect | traíra | traíras | traíra | traíramos | traíreis | traíram |
| Future | trairei | trairás | trairá | trairemos | traireis | trairão |
| Conditional | ||||||
| trairia | trairias | trairia | trairíamos | trairíeis | trairiam | |
| Subjunctive | ||||||
| Present | traia | traias | traia | traiamos | traiais | traiam |
| Imperfect | traísse | traísses | traísse | traíssemos | traísseis | traíssem |
| Future | trair | traíres | trair | trairmos | trairdes | traírem |
| Imperative | ||||||
| Affirmative | trai | traia | traiamos | traí | traiam | |
| Negative (não) | não traias | não traia | não traiamos | não traiais | não traiam | |
Romansch
Alternative forms
- trer (Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Puter)
- trar (Vallader)
Etymology
From Vulgar Latin *tragō, *tragere, from Latin trahō, trahere (“pull”).
Verb
trair
- (Rumantsch Grischun) to pull
Derived terms
- sa trair en
- trair a niz
- trair en
- trair en consideraziun
- trair endament
- trair favugn
- trair flad, trair il flad
- trair giu
- trair or, trair ora
- trair schibettas
- trair si